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◈ALB Atlas

Smalltalk Alive

Smalltalk
KindProgramming language
Appeared1972
StatusAlive
CreatorAlan Kay, Dan Ingalls, Adele Goldberg / Xerox PARC
FamilySmalltalk
Sourceworrydream.com ↗

PARC's everything-is-an-object world — the GUI, the IDE, and the language were one system. Simula's idea perfected; Pharo and Squeak carry it today.

Descended from Simula
Created by Alan Kay Dan Ingalls Adele Goldberg Xerox PARC
Descendants Self
Influenced Objective-C Java Ruby Scratch
Predecessors Simula
Described in The Early History of Smalltalk

Kay's PARC team's Smalltalk (1972) invented the GUI it ran in: overlapping windows, icons, bitmapped editing, messages between objects. Smalltalk-80 was the complete system — language, OS, IDE in one.\n\nIt coined 'object-oriented' as the industry knows it (Kay's own definition was messaging-first); every modern GUI and most OOP languages descend from it.

Sources

  1. worrydream.com/EarlyHistoryOfSmalltalk/
  2. en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smalltalk