Amiga Corporation Superseded
A skunkworks disguised as a joystick company — where Miner's team designed the custom chipset that became the Amiga. Bought by Commodore in 1984, hours before the money ran out.
Miner — designer of the Atari 400/800's chips — left to build a next-generation machine with ex-Atari staff, funded by a joystick front ('Hi-Toro') that hid the real project from investors. The Lorraine chipset — Agnus, Denise, Paula — was a decade ahead of its time.
Atari lent $500,000 and tried to take the company; Commodore outbid with $24 million in August 1984 — one day before the bridge loan came due. The Amiga 1000 shipped a year later.