Skip to contentSkip to Braille Studio

Library / Biology / Scientific American Supplement, No. 384, May 12, 1883 / Braille

Scientific American Supplement, No. 384, May 12, 1883 ⠃⠗⠋ braille edition

Grade 1 — uncontracted, letter-for-letter. Translated on this server by our own braille engine (BRF — Braille Ready Format, Library of Congress fdd000551). View Grade 2 instead.

Download .brf — Grade 2 Download .brf — Grade 1 Plain-text reader .txt

227,377 braille cells · 241 embossed pages at 40×25 · 615 unrepresentable characters omitted

⠇⠕⠝⠛⠀⠁⠎⠀⠞⠓⠑⠽⠀⠉⠕⠝⠞⠊⠝⠥⠑⠙⠀⠙⠗⠽⠲⠀⠠⠺⠕⠕⠙⠀⠺⠊⠇⠇⠀
⠗⠕⠞⠆⠀⠎⠕⠀⠺⠊⠇⠇⠀⠺⠁⠇⠇⠀⠏⠁⠏⠑⠗⠎⠂⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠏⠁⠎⠞⠑⠀⠥⠎⠑⠙
⠀⠊⠝⠀⠓⠁⠝⠛⠊⠝⠛⠀⠞⠓⠑⠍⠂⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠎⠊⠵⠑⠀⠊⠝⠀
⠙⠊⠎⠞⠑⠍⠏⠑⠗⠂⠀⠓⠕⠺⠑⠧⠑⠗⠀⠛⠕⠕⠙⠀⠞⠓⠑⠽⠀⠓⠁⠧⠑⠀⠃⠑⠑⠝⠀
⠊⠝⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠋⠊⠗⠎⠞⠀⠊⠝⠎⠞⠁⠝⠉⠑⠆⠀⠞⠓⠑⠝⠀⠊⠞⠀⠊⠎⠀⠞⠓⠁⠞⠀
⠊⠝⠚⠥⠗⠊⠕⠥⠎⠀⠑⠭⠓⠁⠇⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠎⠀⠁⠗⠑⠀⠞⠓⠗⠕⠺⠝⠀⠕⠋⠋⠂⠀
⠁⠝⠙⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠑⠧⠊⠇⠀⠊⠎⠀⠙⠕⠥⠃⠞⠇⠑⠎⠎⠀⠧⠑⠗⠽⠀⠛⠗⠑⠁⠞⠇⠽⠀
⠊⠝⠉⠗⠑⠁⠎⠑⠙⠀⠊⠋⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠍⠁⠞⠑⠗⠊⠁⠇⠎⠀⠁⠗⠑⠀⠃⠁⠙⠀⠊⠝⠀
⠞⠓⠑⠍⠎⠑⠇⠧⠑⠎⠲⠀⠠⠟⠥⠊⠉⠅⠇⠽⠀⠛⠗⠕⠺⠝⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠎⠁⠏⠏⠽⠀
⠞⠊⠍⠃⠑⠗⠂⠀⠎⠕⠥⠗⠀⠏⠁⠎⠞⠑⠂⠀⠎⠞⠁⠇⠑⠀⠎⠊⠵⠑⠂⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠺⠁⠇⠇
⠀⠏⠁⠏⠑⠗⠎⠀⠉⠕⠝⠞⠁⠊⠝⠊⠝⠛⠀⠊⠝⠚⠥⠗⠊⠕⠥⠎⠀⠏⠊⠛⠍⠑⠝⠞⠎⠀
⠁⠗⠑⠀⠍⠕⠗⠑⠀⠑⠁⠎⠊⠇⠽⠀⠁⠞⠞⠁⠉⠅⠑⠙⠂⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠋⠁⠗⠀⠍⠕⠗⠑⠀
⠇⠊⠅⠑⠇⠽⠀⠞⠕⠀⠋⠊⠇⠇⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠓⠕⠥⠎⠑⠀⠺⠊⠞⠓⠀⠃⠁⠙⠀⠎⠍⠑⠇⠇⠎
⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠁⠀⠎⠥⠃⠞⠊⠇⠑⠀⠏⠕⠊⠎⠕⠝⠲⠀⠠⠏⠇⠁⠎⠞⠑⠗⠀⠞⠕⠀
⠉⠑⠊⠇⠊⠝⠛⠎⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠺⠁⠇⠇⠎⠀⠊⠎⠀⠟⠥⠊⠉⠅⠇⠽⠀⠙⠁⠍⠁⠛⠑⠙⠀⠃⠽
⠀⠺⠑⠞⠂⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠊⠋⠀⠊⠍⠏⠗⠕⠏⠑⠗⠀⠍⠁⠞⠑⠗⠊⠁⠇⠎⠂⠀⠎⠥⠉⠓⠀⠁⠎
⠀⠗⠕⠁⠙⠀⠙⠗⠊⠋⠞⠂⠀⠃⠑⠀⠥⠎⠑⠙⠀⠊⠝⠀⠊⠞⠎⠀⠉⠕⠍⠏⠕⠎⠊⠞⠊⠕⠝⠂
⠀⠊⠞⠀⠍⠁⠽⠀⠃⠑⠉⠕⠍⠑⠀⠍⠕⠎⠞⠀⠥⠝⠎⠁⠧⠕⠗⠽⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀
⠊⠝⠚⠥⠗⠊⠕⠥⠎⠀⠞⠕⠀⠓⠑⠁⠇⠞⠓⠲⠀⠠⠞⠓⠑⠀⠍⠁⠞⠑⠗⠊⠁⠇⠎⠀⠋⠕⠗⠀
⠏⠇⠁⠎⠞⠑⠗⠀⠉⠁⠝⠝⠕⠞⠀⠃⠑⠀⠞⠕⠕⠀⠉⠁⠗⠑⠋⠥⠇⠇⠽⠀
⠎⠑⠇⠑⠉⠞⠑⠙⠂⠀⠋⠕⠗⠀⠊⠋⠀⠕⠗⠛⠁⠝⠊⠉⠀⠍⠁⠞⠞⠑⠗⠀⠃⠑⠀
⠏⠗⠑⠎⠑⠝⠞⠂⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠗⠑⠎⠥⠇⠞⠀⠊⠎⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠋⠕⠗⠍⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠕⠋⠀
⠝⠊⠞⠗⠁⠞⠑⠎⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠇⠊⠅⠑⠂⠀⠺⠓⠊⠉⠓⠀⠉⠕⠍⠃⠊⠝⠑⠀
⠺⠊⠞⠓⠀⠇⠊⠍⠑⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠏⠗⠕⠙⠥⠉⠑⠀⠙⠑⠇⠊⠟⠥⠑⠎⠉⠑⠝⠞⠀
⠎⠁⠇⠞⠎⠂⠀⠧⠊⠵⠂⠀⠞⠓⠕⠎⠑⠀⠺⠓⠊⠉⠓⠀⠁⠞⠞⠗⠁⠉⠞⠀

These are the same pages the .brf download embosses — form-feed breaks and all. BRF opens in braille software (Duxbury, BrailleBlaster), on embossers, and on refreshable displays.