Skip to contentSkip to Braille Studio

Library / Biology / Scientific American Supplement, No. 362, December 9, 1882 / Braille

Scientific American Supplement, No. 362, December 9, 1882 ⠃⠗⠋ braille edition

Grade 2 — contracted English braille (EBAE-compatible subset). Translated on this server by our own braille engine (BRF — Braille Ready Format, Library of Congress fdd000551). View Grade 1 instead.

Download .brf — Grade 2 Download .brf — Grade 1 Plain-text reader .txt

196,944 braille cells · 208 embossed pages at 40×25 · 364 unrepresentable characters omitted

⠶⠠⠋⠊⠛⠲⠀⠼⠑⠶⠂⠀⠯⠀⠕⠝⠀⠮⠀⠗⠕⠇⠇⠻⠎⠀⠞⠀⠉⠕⠝⠞⠗⠕⠇⠀⠮⠀
⠎⠁⠺⠎⠂⠀⠭⠀⠊⠎⠀⠕⠝⠇⠽⠀⠝⠑⠉⠑⠎⠎⠜⠽⠀⠞⠕⠀⠍⠕⠧⠑⠀⠮⠀⠇⠑⠧⠻⠀
⠞⠕⠀⠮⠀⠐⠗⠀⠕⠗⠀⠇⠑⠋⠞⠀⠔⠀⠕⠗⠙⠻⠀⠞⠕⠀⠌⠕⠏⠀⠮⠀⠍⠕⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠷
⠀⠑⠁⠡⠀⠷⠀⠮⠀⠎⠁⠺⠎⠲⠀⠠⠘⠮⠀⠇⠁⠞⠞⠻⠂⠀⠞⠕⠀⠏⠗⠑⠧⠢⠞⠀⠁⠇⠇⠀
⠏⠕⠎⠎⠊⠃⠊⠇⠊⠞⠽⠀⠷⠀⠁⠉⠉⠊⠙⠢⠞⠂⠀⠁⠗⠑⠀⠊⠝⠉⠇⠕⠎⠫⠀⠾⠔⠀
⠎⠑⠍⠊⠉⠊⠗⠉⠥⠇⠜⠀⠛⠥⠜⠙⠎⠲⠀⠠⠋⠔⠁⠇⠇⠽⠂⠀⠮⠀⠉⠕⠝⠞⠗⠕⠇⠇⠬⠀
⠗⠕⠇⠇⠻⠎⠀⠁⠗⠑⠀⠍⠁⠙⠑⠀⠷⠀⠁⠀⠍⠁⠞⠻⠊⠁⠇⠀⠱⠊⠡⠀⠊⠎⠀⠟⠀
⠑⠇⠁⠌⠊⠉⠀⠶⠉⠕⠍⠏⠗⠑⠎⠎⠫⠀⠉⠜⠙⠃⠕⠜⠙⠂⠀⠿⠀⠑⠭⠁⠍⠏⠇⠑⠶⠂⠀⠎
⠀⠞⠀⠮⠽⠀⠍⠁⠽⠀⠗⠕⠇⠇⠀⠎⠍⠕⠕⠹⠇⠽⠀⠯⠀⠁⠙⠓⠻⠑⠀⠺⠑⠇⠇⠲⠀⠀⠠⠋
⠀⠱⠁⠞⠀⠏⠗⠑⠉⠫⠑⠎⠂⠀⠭⠀⠺⠀⠃⠑⠀⠎⠑⠢⠀⠞⠀⠗⠳⠝⠙⠀⠊⠗⠕⠝⠀⠃⠜⠎
⠀⠷⠀⠁⠝⠽⠀⠙⠊⠁⠍⠑⠞⠻⠀⠺⠀⠉⠕⠍⠑⠀⠋⠀⠹⠊⠎⠀⠁⠏⠏⠜⠁⠞⠥⠎⠀
⠉⠕⠍⠏⠇⠑⠞⠑⠇⠽⠀⠋⠔⠊⠩⠫⠲⠀⠠⠭⠀⠺⠀⠃⠑⠀⠎⠑⠢⠀⠁⠇⠎⠕⠀⠞⠀⠾⠀
⠉⠽⠇⠔⠙⠻⠎⠀⠷⠀⠎⠥⠊⠞⠁⠃⠇⠑⠀⠏⠗⠷⠊⠇⠑⠂⠀⠮⠗⠑⠀⠍⠊⠛⠓⠞⠀
⠇⠊⠅⠑⠺⠊⠎⠑⠀⠃⠑⠀⠋⠔⠊⠩⠫⠀⠁⠭⠇⠑⠎⠂⠀⠕⠗⠀⠏⠊⠑⠉⠑⠎⠀⠞⠀⠁⠗⠑
⠀⠍⠀⠕⠗⠀⠇⠑⠎⠎⠀⠉⠕⠝⠊⠉⠁⠇⠀⠵⠀⠺⠑⠇⠇⠀⠵⠀⠘⠹⠀⠏⠗⠕⠧⠊⠙⠫⠀⠾
⠀⠩⠳⠇⠙⠻⠎⠲⠀⠀⠠⠮⠀⠁⠏⠏⠜⠁⠞⠥⠎⠀⠍⠁⠽⠂⠀⠊⠋⠀⠏⠗⠑⠋⠻⠗⠫⠂⠀
⠃⠑⠀⠙⠗⠊⠧⠢⠀⠃⠽⠀⠎⠍⠁⠇⠇⠀⠎⠏⠑⠉⠊⠁⠇⠀⠍⠕⠞⠕⠗⠎⠀⠁⠋⠋⠊⠭⠫⠀
⠞⠕⠀⠮⠀⠋⠗⠁⠍⠑⠲⠀⠠⠎⠥⠡⠀⠁⠝⠀⠁⠗⠗⠁⠝⠛⠑⠍⠢⠞⠂⠀⠱⠊⠡⠀⠊⠎⠀⠍
⠀⠉⠕⠌⠇⠽⠀⠹⠁⠝⠀⠮⠀⠏⠗⠑⠉⠫⠬⠂⠀⠊⠎⠂⠀⠝⠑⠧⠻⠮⠇⠑⠎⠎⠂⠀
⠊⠝⠙⠊⠉⠁⠞⠫⠀⠔⠀⠉⠁⠎⠑⠎⠀⠱⠻⠑⠀⠩⠁⠋⠞⠬⠀⠺⠳⠇⠙⠀⠃⠑⠀⠔⠀⠮⠀
⠺⠁⠽⠲⠀⠀⠠⠮⠀⠺⠑⠊⠛⠓⠞⠀⠷⠀⠮⠀⠍⠁⠞⠻⠊⠁⠇⠎⠀⠑⠝⠞⠻⠬⠀⠊⠝⠞⠕⠀
⠮⠀⠉⠕⠝⠌⠗⠥⠉⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠷⠀⠹⠊⠎⠀⠍⠁⠡⠔⠑⠂⠀⠏⠗⠕⠏⠕⠎⠫⠀⠃⠽⠀
⠠⠍⠗⠲⠀⠠⠡⠥⠺⠁⠃⠂⠀⠊⠝⠉⠇⠥⠙⠑⠎⠀⠁⠃⠳⠞⠀⠼⠁⠑⠀⠞⠕⠝⠎⠀⠷⠀
⠍⠑⠞⠁⠇⠂⠀⠷⠀⠱⠊⠡⠀⠼⠑⠂⠚⠚⠚⠀⠅⠊⠇⠕⠛⠗⠁⠍⠍⠑⠎⠀⠁⠗⠑⠀⠿⠀⠮⠀
⠞⠺⠕⠀⠞⠑⠍⠏⠻⠫⠀⠉⠽⠇⠔⠙⠻⠎⠆⠀⠼⠃⠑⠚⠀⠅⠊⠇⠕⠛⠗⠁⠍⠍⠑⠎⠀⠷⠀

These are the same pages the .brf download embosses — form-feed breaks and all. BRF opens in braille software (Duxbury, BrailleBlaster), on embossers, and on refreshable displays.