Skip to contentSkip to Braille Studio

Library / Biology / Scientific American Supplement, No. 363, December 16, 1882 / Braille

Scientific American Supplement, No. 363, December 16, 1882 ⠃⠗⠋ braille edition

Grade 2 — contracted English braille (EBAE-compatible subset). Translated on this server by our own braille engine (BRF — Braille Ready Format, Library of Congress fdd000551). View Grade 1 instead.

Download .brf — Grade 2 Download .brf — Grade 1 Plain-text reader .txt

196,106 braille cells · 207 embossed pages at 40×25 · 657 unrepresentable characters omitted

⠘⠮⠀⠺⠀⠃⠑⠀⠙⠊⠌⠗⠊⠃⠥⠞⠫⠀⠡⠊⠑⠋⠇⠽⠀⠔⠀⠮⠀⠇⠜⠛⠑⠀⠇⠁⠅⠑⠎⠀
⠷⠀⠮⠀⠊⠝⠞⠻⠊⠕⠗⠲⠀⠠⠁⠃⠳⠞⠀⠁⠀⠍⠊⠇⠇⠊⠕⠝⠀⠇⠊⠞⠞⠇⠑⠀
⠃⠗⠕⠕⠅⠀⠞⠗⠳⠞⠀⠶⠀⠏⠗⠕⠙⠥⠉⠫⠲⠀⠠⠮⠀⠉⠕⠍⠍⠊⠎⠎⠊⠕⠝⠀
⠙⠳⠃⠞⠎⠀⠱⠑⠮⠗⠀⠍⠥⠡⠀⠃⠢⠑⠋⠊⠞⠀⠓⠁⠎⠀⠗⠑⠎⠥⠇⠞⠫⠀⠋⠀
⠁⠞⠞⠑⠍⠏⠞⠬⠀⠞⠕⠀⠌⠕⠉⠅⠀⠎⠍⠁⠇⠇⠀⠌⠗⠑⠁⠍⠎⠀⠞⠀⠓⠀⠕⠝⠉⠑⠀
⠃⠑⠢⠀⠛⠕⠕⠙⠀⠞⠗⠳⠞⠀⠺⠁⠞⠻⠎⠂⠀⠃⠀⠮⠀⠞⠑⠍⠏⠻⠁⠞⠥⠗⠑⠀⠷⠀
⠱⠊⠡⠀⠓⠁⠎⠀⠃⠑⠢⠀⠡⠁⠝⠛⠫⠀⠃⠽⠀⠉⠥⠞⠞⠬⠀⠁⠺⠁⠽⠀⠮⠀⠿⠑⠌⠀
⠞⠗⠑⠑⠎⠀⠞⠀⠕⠧⠻⠓⠥⠝⠛⠀⠮⠍⠲⠀⠠⠮⠀⠃⠑⠌⠀⠗⠑⠎⠥⠇⠞⠎⠀⠓⠀⠃⠑⠢
⠀⠁⠞⠞⠁⠔⠫⠀⠱⠻⠑⠀⠮⠀⠺⠁⠞⠻⠎⠀⠁⠗⠑⠀⠷⠀⠉⠕⠝⠎⠊⠙⠻⠁⠃⠇⠑⠀
⠑⠭⠞⠢⠞⠂⠀⠑⠎⠏⠑⠉⠊⠁⠇⠇⠽⠀⠘⠹⠀⠔⠀⠯⠀⠃⠕⠗⠙⠻⠬⠀⠕⠝⠀⠮⠀
⠺⠊⠇⠙⠻⠝⠑⠎⠎⠀⠔⠀⠮⠀⠝⠕⠗⠮⠗⠝⠀⠐⠏⠀⠷⠀⠮⠀⠠⠌⠁⠞⠑⠲⠀⠠⠮⠀
⠑⠭⠏⠻⠊⠍⠢⠞⠎⠀⠾⠀⠠⠉⠁⠇⠊⠿⠝⠊⠁⠀⠞⠗⠳⠞⠂⠀⠓⠀⠃⠑⠢⠀⠧⠀
⠎⠥⠉⠉⠑⠎⠎⠋⠥⠇⠂⠀⠯⠀⠭⠀⠊⠎⠀⠋⠳⠝⠙⠀⠞⠀⠮⠀⠌⠗⠑⠁⠍⠎⠀⠍⠕⠌⠀
⠎⠥⠊⠞⠁⠃⠇⠑⠀⠿⠀⠮⠍⠂⠀⠁⠗⠑⠀⠮⠀⠠⠓⠥⠙⠎⠕⠝⠂⠀⠠⠛⠢⠑⠎⠑⠑⠂⠀
⠠⠍⠕⠓⠁⠺⠅⠂⠀⠠⠍⠕⠕⠎⠑⠂⠀⠠⠃⠇⠁⠉⠅⠂⠀⠯⠀⠠⠃⠑⠁⠧⠻⠀⠗⠊⠧⠻⠎⠂
⠀⠯⠀⠮⠀⠠⠑⠁⠌⠀⠯⠀⠠⠺⠑⠌⠀⠠⠉⠁⠝⠁⠙⠁⠀⠉⠗⠑⠑⠅⠎⠲⠀⠠⠮⠀
⠉⠕⠍⠍⠊⠎⠎⠊⠕⠝⠀⠓⠕⠏⠑⠎⠀⠞⠕⠀⠓⠁⠞⠡⠀⠼⠋⠂⠚⠚⠚⠂⠚⠚⠚⠀⠕⠗⠀
⠼⠓⠂⠚⠚⠚⠂⠚⠚⠚⠀⠩⠁⠙⠀⠹⠊⠎⠀⠎⠑⠁⠎⠕⠝⠀⠁⠞⠀⠁⠀⠉⠕⠌⠀⠷⠀
⠁⠃⠳⠞⠀⠼⠁⠂⠚⠚⠚⠲⠀⠠⠉⠕⠝⠉⠻⠝⠬⠀⠠⠛⠻⠍⠁⠝⠀⠉⠜⠏⠂⠀⠮⠀
⠉⠕⠍⠍⠊⠎⠎⠊⠕⠝⠻⠎⠀⠋⠔⠙⠀⠞⠀⠮⠀⠺⠁⠞⠻⠀⠁⠞⠀⠠⠉⠁⠇⠫⠕⠝⠊⠁⠀
⠊⠎⠀⠞⠕⠕⠀⠉⠕⠇⠙⠀⠿⠀⠹⠊⠎⠀⠋⠊⠩⠂⠀⠃⠀⠹⠔⠅⠀⠞⠀⠉⠜⠏⠀⠺⠳⠇⠙⠀
⠙⠀⠺⠑⠇⠇⠀⠔⠀⠺⠁⠞⠻⠎⠀⠋⠥⠗⠮⠗⠀⠎⠳⠹⠲⠀⠀⠠⠮⠀⠉⠕⠍⠍⠊⠎⠎⠊⠕⠝
⠀⠁⠺⠁⠊⠞⠎⠀⠁⠀⠍⠀⠇⠊⠃⠻⠁⠇⠀⠁⠏⠏⠗⠕⠏⠗⠊⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠷⠀⠍⠕⠝⠑⠽
⠀⠃⠑⠿⠑⠀⠃⠑⠛⠔⠝⠬⠀⠮⠀⠐⠺⠀⠷⠀⠓⠁⠞⠡⠬⠀⠁⠞⠀⠮⠀⠝⠑⠺⠀⠠⠌⠁⠞⠑
⠀⠋⠊⠩⠀⠋⠜⠍⠀⠁⠞⠀⠠⠉⠕⠇⠙⠀⠠⠎⠏⠗⠬⠂⠀⠕⠝⠀⠮⠀⠝⠕⠗⠹⠀⠎⠊⠙⠑⠀

These are the same pages the .brf download embosses — form-feed breaks and all. BRF opens in braille software (Duxbury, BrailleBlaster), on embossers, and on refreshable displays.