Skip to contentSkip to Braille Studio

Library / Ethics / The Nicomachean ethics of Aristotle / Braille

The Nicomachean ethics of Aristotle ⠃⠗⠋ braille edition

Grade 1 — uncontracted, letter-for-letter. Translated on this server by our own braille engine (BRF — Braille Ready Format, Library of Congress fdd000551). View Grade 2 instead.

Download .brf — Grade 2 Download .brf — Grade 1 Plain-text reader .txt

655,866 braille cells · 693 embossed pages at 40×25 · 2,188 unrepresentable characters omitted

⠀⠞⠓⠊⠎⠀⠎⠥⠏⠏⠕⠎⠊⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠃⠑⠀⠺⠊⠙⠑⠇⠽⠀
⠏⠁⠗⠞⠊⠉⠊⠏⠁⠞⠑⠙⠂⠀⠋⠕⠗⠀⠊⠞⠀⠍⠁⠽⠀⠀⠞⠓⠗⠕⠥⠛⠓⠀
⠇⠑⠁⠗⠝⠊⠝⠛⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠙⠊⠇⠊⠛⠑⠝⠉⠑⠀⠕⠋⠀⠁⠀⠉⠑⠗⠞⠁⠊⠝⠀⠅⠊⠝⠙
⠀⠑⠭⠊⠎⠞⠀⠊⠝⠀⠁⠇⠇⠀⠺⠓⠕⠀⠓⠁⠧⠑⠀⠀⠝⠕⠞⠀⠃⠑⠑⠝⠀
⠍⠁⠊⠍⠑⠙⠼⠃⠓⠀⠋⠕⠗⠀⠧⠊⠗⠞⠥⠑⠲⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠁⠝⠙⠀⠊⠋⠀⠊⠞⠀⠊⠎⠀
⠃⠑⠞⠞⠑⠗⠀⠺⠑⠀⠎⠓⠕⠥⠇⠙⠀⠃⠑⠀⠓⠁⠏⠏⠽⠀⠞⠓⠥⠎⠀⠞⠓⠁⠝⠀⠁⠎⠀⠁
⠀⠗⠑⠎⠥⠇⠞⠀⠕⠋⠀⠉⠓⠁⠝⠉⠑⠂⠀⠀⠞⠓⠊⠎⠀⠊⠎⠀⠊⠝⠀⠊⠞⠎⠑⠇⠋⠀⠁⠝
⠀⠁⠗⠛⠥⠍⠑⠝⠞⠀⠞⠓⠁⠞⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠉⠁⠎⠑⠀⠊⠎⠀⠎⠕⠆⠀⠃⠑⠉⠁⠥⠎⠑⠀
⠞⠓⠕⠎⠑⠀⠞⠓⠊⠝⠛⠎⠀⠀⠺⠓⠊⠉⠓⠀⠁⠗⠑⠀⠊⠝⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠺⠁⠽⠀⠕⠋⠀
⠝⠁⠞⠥⠗⠑⠂⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠊⠝⠀⠇⠊⠅⠑⠀⠍⠁⠝⠝⠑⠗⠀⠕⠋⠀⠁⠗⠞⠂⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀
⠕⠋⠀⠑⠧⠑⠗⠽⠀⠀⠉⠁⠥⠎⠑⠂⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠎⠏⠑⠉⠊⠁⠇⠇⠽⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠃⠑⠎⠞⠀
⠉⠁⠥⠎⠑⠂⠀⠁⠗⠑⠀⠃⠽⠀⠝⠁⠞⠥⠗⠑⠀⠊⠝⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠃⠑⠎⠞⠀⠺⠁⠽⠀⠀
⠏⠕⠎⠎⠊⠃⠇⠑⠒⠀⠞⠕⠀⠇⠑⠁⠧⠑⠀⠞⠓⠑⠍⠀⠞⠕⠀⠉⠓⠁⠝⠉⠑⠀⠺⠓⠁⠞⠀
⠊⠎⠀⠛⠗⠑⠁⠞⠑⠎⠞⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠍⠕⠎⠞⠀⠝⠕⠃⠇⠑⠀⠺⠕⠥⠇⠙⠀⠀⠃⠑⠀
⠧⠑⠗⠽⠀⠍⠥⠉⠓⠀⠕⠥⠞⠀⠕⠋⠀⠓⠁⠗⠍⠕⠝⠽⠀⠺⠊⠞⠓⠀⠁⠇⠇⠀⠞⠓⠑⠎⠑⠀
⠋⠁⠉⠞⠎⠲⠼⠃⠊⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠞⠓⠑⠀⠟⠥⠑⠎⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠍⠁⠽⠀⠃⠑⠀
⠙⠑⠞⠑⠗⠍⠊⠝⠑⠙⠀⠁⠇⠎⠕⠀⠃⠽⠀⠁⠀⠗⠑⠋⠑⠗⠑⠝⠉⠑⠀⠞⠕⠀⠕⠥⠗⠀
⠙⠑⠋⠊⠝⠊⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠕⠋⠀⠀⠠⠓⠁⠏⠏⠊⠝⠑⠎⠎⠂⠀⠞⠓⠁⠞⠀⠊⠞⠀⠊⠎⠀⠁⠀
⠺⠕⠗⠅⠊⠝⠛⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠎⠕⠥⠇⠀⠊⠝⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠺⠁⠽⠀⠕⠋⠀
⠑⠭⠉⠑⠇⠇⠑⠝⠉⠑⠀⠕⠗⠀⠀⠧⠊⠗⠞⠥⠑⠀⠕⠋⠀⠁⠀⠉⠑⠗⠞⠁⠊⠝⠀⠅⠊⠝⠙⠒
⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠕⠞⠓⠑⠗⠀⠛⠕⠕⠙⠎⠂⠀⠎⠕⠍⠑⠀⠺⠑⠀⠍⠥⠎⠞⠀
⠓⠁⠧⠑⠀⠞⠕⠀⠀⠃⠑⠛⠊⠝⠀⠺⠊⠞⠓⠂⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠞⠓⠕⠎⠑⠀⠺⠓⠊⠉⠓⠀⠁⠗⠑
⠀⠉⠕⠤⠕⠏⠑⠗⠁⠞⠊⠧⠑⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠥⠎⠑⠋⠥⠇⠀⠁⠗⠑⠀⠛⠊⠧⠑⠝⠀⠃⠽⠀⠀
⠝⠁⠞⠥⠗⠑⠀⠁⠎⠀⠊⠝⠎⠞⠗⠥⠍⠑⠝⠞⠎⠲⠼⠉⠚⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠞⠓⠑⠎⠑⠀
⠉⠕⠝⠎⠊⠙⠑⠗⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠎⠀⠺⠊⠇⠇⠀⠓⠁⠗⠍⠕⠝⠊⠎⠑⠀⠁⠇⠎⠕⠀⠺⠊⠞⠓⠀

These are the same pages the .brf download embosses — form-feed breaks and all. BRF opens in braille software (Duxbury, BrailleBlaster), on embossers, and on refreshable displays.