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The Nicomachean ethics of Aristotle ⠃⠗⠋ braille edition

Grade 1 — uncontracted, letter-for-letter. Translated on this server by our own braille engine (BRF — Braille Ready Format, Library of Congress fdd000551). View Grade 2 instead.

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655,866 braille cells · 693 embossed pages at 40×25 · 2,188 unrepresentable characters omitted

⠑⠭⠉⠑⠇⠇⠑⠝⠉⠑⠀⠀⠺⠑⠀⠉⠓⠕⠕⠎⠑⠀⠋⠕⠗⠀⠞⠓⠑⠊⠗⠀⠕⠺⠝⠀
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⠉⠓⠕⠕⠎⠑⠀⠑⠁⠉⠓⠀⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠑⠎⠑⠀⠑⠧⠑⠝⠀⠊⠋⠀⠝⠕⠀⠗⠑⠎⠥⠇⠞⠀
⠺⠑⠗⠑⠀⠞⠕⠀⠋⠕⠇⠇⠕⠺⠶⠂⠀⠃⠥⠞⠀⠺⠑⠀⠉⠓⠕⠕⠎⠑⠀⠞⠓⠑⠍⠀⠁⠇⠎⠕
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⠋⠁⠉⠞⠀⠺⠊⠞⠓⠀⠁⠀⠧⠊⠑⠺⠀⠞⠕⠀⠁⠝⠽⠀⠕⠞⠓⠑⠗⠀⠞⠓⠊⠝⠛⠀
⠺⠓⠁⠞⠎⠕⠑⠧⠑⠗⠲⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠞⠓⠑⠀⠎⠁⠍⠑⠀⠗⠑⠎⠥⠇⠞⠼⠁⠑⠀⠊⠎⠀
⠎⠑⠑⠝⠀⠞⠕⠀⠋⠕⠇⠇⠕⠺⠀⠁⠇⠎⠕⠀⠋⠗⠕⠍⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠝⠕⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠕⠋⠀⠀
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⠃⠑⠇⠕⠝⠛⠀⠞⠕⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠋⠊⠝⠁⠇⠀⠛⠕⠕⠙⠲⠀⠠⠝⠕⠺⠀⠃⠽⠀⠀
⠎⠥⠋⠋⠊⠉⠊⠑⠝⠞⠀⠋⠕⠗⠀⠠⠎⠑⠇⠋⠂⠀⠺⠑⠀⠍⠑⠁⠝⠀⠝⠕⠞⠀⠋⠕⠗⠀⠁⠀
⠎⠊⠝⠛⠇⠑⠀⠊⠝⠙⠊⠧⠊⠙⠥⠁⠇⠀⠇⠊⠧⠊⠝⠛⠀⠁⠀⠀⠎⠕⠇⠊⠞⠁⠗⠽⠀
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⠉⠓⠊⠇⠙⠗⠑⠝⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠺⠊⠋⠑⠂⠀⠁⠝⠙⠂⠀⠊⠝⠀⠀⠛⠑⠝⠑⠗⠁⠇⠂⠀
⠋⠗⠊⠑⠝⠙⠎⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠉⠕⠥⠝⠞⠗⠽⠍⠑⠝⠆⠀⠋⠕⠗⠀⠍⠁⠝⠀⠊⠎⠀⠃⠽⠀
⠝⠁⠞⠥⠗⠑⠀⠁⠙⠁⠏⠞⠑⠙⠀⠞⠕⠀⠁⠀⠀⠎⠕⠉⠊⠁⠇⠀⠑⠭⠊⠎⠞⠑⠝⠉⠑⠲⠀
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⠀⠏⠁⠗⠑⠝⠞⠎⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠙⠑⠎⠉⠑⠝⠙⠁⠝⠞⠎⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠋⠗⠊⠑⠝⠙⠎⠄⠀
⠋⠗⠊⠑⠝⠙⠎⠂⠀⠀⠞⠓⠑⠗⠑⠀⠊⠎⠀⠝⠕⠀⠑⠝⠙⠀⠞⠕⠀⠊⠞⠲⠀⠠⠞⠓⠊⠎⠀
⠏⠕⠊⠝⠞⠂⠀⠓⠕⠺⠑⠧⠑⠗⠂⠀⠍⠥⠎⠞⠀⠃⠑⠀⠇⠑⠋⠞⠀⠋⠕⠗⠀⠋⠥⠞⠥⠗⠑⠀
⠊⠝⠧⠑⠎⠞⠊⠛⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠒⠀⠋⠕⠗⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠏⠗⠑⠎⠑⠝⠞⠀⠺⠑⠀⠙⠑⠋⠊⠝⠑

These are the same pages the .brf download embosses — form-feed breaks and all. BRF opens in braille software (Duxbury, BrailleBlaster), on embossers, and on refreshable displays.