Library / Biology / Scientific American Supplement, No. 275, April 9, 1881 / Braille
Scientific American Supplement, No. 275, April 9, 1881 ⠃⠗⠋ braille edition
Grade 1 — uncontracted, letter-for-letter. Translated on this server by our own braille engine (BRF — Braille Ready Format, Library of Congress fdd000551). View Grade 2 instead.
Download .brf — Grade 2 Download .brf — Grade 1 Plain-text reader .txt
280,561 braille cells · 297 embossed pages at 40×25 · 792 unrepresentable characters omitted
⠺⠓⠕⠇⠑⠂⠀⠕⠗⠀⠁⠀⠏⠕⠗⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠕⠋⠀⠊⠞⠂⠀⠃⠑⠀⠙⠊⠧⠊⠙⠑⠙⠂⠀ ⠑⠊⠞⠓⠑⠗⠀⠃⠽⠀⠋⠗⠊⠉⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠃⠑⠞⠺⠑⠑⠝⠀⠞⠺⠕⠀ ⠍⠊⠇⠇⠎⠞⠕⠝⠑⠎⠀⠕⠗⠀⠃⠽⠀⠎⠊⠍⠏⠇⠑⠀⠊⠝⠉⠊⠎⠊⠕⠝⠎⠂⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀ ⠇⠊⠟⠥⠊⠙⠀⠏⠑⠝⠑⠞⠗⠁⠞⠑⠎⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠃⠑⠗⠗⠽⠀⠺⠊⠞⠓⠊⠝⠀⠁⠀⠋⠑⠺ ⠀⠓⠕⠥⠗⠎⠲⠀⠠⠞⠓⠊⠎⠀⠏⠗⠕⠏⠑⠗⠞⠽⠀⠊⠎⠀⠁⠝⠁⠇⠕⠛⠕⠥⠎⠀⠞⠕⠀ ⠞⠓⠁⠞⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠗⠁⠙⠊⠉⠥⠇⠑⠎⠀⠕⠋⠀⠗⠕⠕⠞⠎⠂⠀⠺⠓⠊⠉⠓⠀ ⠞⠁⠅⠑⠀⠥⠏⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠃⠕⠙⠊⠑⠎⠀⠍⠕⠎⠞⠀⠎⠥⠊⠞⠁⠃⠇⠑⠀⠋⠕⠗⠀⠞⠓⠑ ⠀⠝⠕⠥⠗⠊⠎⠓⠍⠑⠝⠞⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠏⠇⠁⠝⠞⠲⠀⠠⠊⠞⠀⠏⠗⠕⠧⠑⠎⠂⠀ ⠃⠑⠎⠊⠙⠑⠎⠂⠀⠞⠓⠁⠞⠀⠞⠓⠊⠎⠀⠍⠑⠍⠃⠗⠁⠝⠑⠂⠀⠇⠊⠅⠑⠀⠁⠇⠇⠀ ⠞⠓⠕⠎⠑⠀⠑⠝⠙⠕⠺⠑⠙⠀⠺⠊⠞⠓⠀⠇⠊⠋⠑⠂⠀⠙⠕⠑⠎⠀⠝⠕⠞⠀⠕⠃⠑⠽⠀ ⠍⠕⠗⠑⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠕⠗⠙⠊⠝⠁⠗⠽⠀⠇⠁⠺⠎⠀⠕⠋⠀⠏⠑⠗⠍⠑⠁⠃⠊⠇⠊⠞⠽⠀ ⠞⠓⠁⠝⠀⠞⠓⠕⠎⠑⠀⠕⠋⠀⠉⠓⠑⠍⠊⠉⠁⠇⠀⠁⠋⠋⠊⠝⠊⠞⠽⠂⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀ ⠞⠓⠊⠎⠀⠏⠗⠕⠏⠑⠗⠞⠽⠀⠉⠁⠝⠀⠃⠑⠀⠞⠥⠗⠝⠑⠙⠀⠞⠕⠀⠁⠙⠧⠁⠝⠞⠁⠛⠑ ⠀⠊⠝⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠏⠗⠑⠎⠑⠗⠧⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠕⠋⠀⠛⠗⠁⠊⠝⠀⠊⠝⠀ ⠙⠑⠉⠕⠗⠞⠊⠉⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠛⠗⠊⠝⠙⠊⠝⠛⠲⠀⠀⠠⠞⠕⠀ ⠙⠑⠞⠑⠗⠍⠊⠝⠑⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠁⠉⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠊⠎⠀⠞⠊⠎⠎⠥⠑⠀ ⠞⠓⠗⠕⠥⠛⠓⠀⠊⠞⠎⠀⠏⠗⠑⠎⠑⠝⠉⠑⠂⠀⠞⠁⠅⠑⠀⠼⠁⠚⠚⠀⠛⠗⠁⠍⠍⠑⠎⠀ ⠕⠋⠀⠺⠓⠑⠁⠞⠂⠀⠺⠁⠎⠓⠀⠊⠞⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠗⠑⠍⠕⠧⠑⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠋⠊⠗⠎⠞⠀ ⠉⠕⠁⠞⠊⠝⠛⠀⠃⠽⠀⠙⠑⠉⠕⠗⠞⠊⠉⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠆⠀⠞⠓⠑⠝⠀⠊⠍⠍⠑⠗⠎⠑⠀ ⠊⠞⠀⠋⠕⠗⠀⠎⠑⠧⠑⠗⠁⠇⠀⠓⠕⠥⠗⠎⠀⠊⠝⠀⠇⠥⠅⠑⠺⠁⠗⠍⠀⠺⠁⠞⠑⠗⠂⠀ ⠁⠝⠙⠀⠙⠗⠽⠀⠁⠋⠞⠑⠗⠺⠁⠗⠙⠎⠀⠊⠝⠀⠁⠝⠀⠕⠗⠙⠊⠝⠁⠗⠽⠀ ⠞⠑⠍⠏⠑⠗⠁⠞⠥⠗⠑⠲⠀⠠⠊⠞⠀⠎⠓⠕⠥⠇⠙⠀⠞⠓⠑⠝⠀⠃⠑⠀⠗⠑⠙⠥⠉⠑⠙⠀ ⠊⠝⠀⠁⠀⠎⠍⠁⠇⠇⠀⠉⠕⠋⠋⠑⠑⠀⠍⠊⠇⠇⠂⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠋⠇⠕⠥⠗⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀ ⠍⠊⠙⠙⠇⠊⠝⠛⠎⠀⠎⠑⠏⠁⠗⠁⠞⠑⠙⠀⠃⠽⠀⠎⠊⠋⠞⠊⠝⠛⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀ ⠃⠗⠁⠝⠀⠗⠑⠏⠁⠎⠎⠑⠙⠀⠞⠓⠗⠕⠥⠛⠓⠀⠁⠀⠍⠁⠉⠓⠊⠝⠑⠀⠞⠓⠁⠞⠀
These are the same pages the .brf download embosses — form-feed breaks and all. BRF opens in braille software (Duxbury, BrailleBlaster), on embossers, and on refreshable displays.