Library / Engineering & Technology / Computers—the machines we think with / Braille
Computers—the machines we think with ⠃⠗⠋ braille edition
Grade 2 — contracted English braille (EBAE-compatible subset). Translated on this server by our own braille engine (BRF — Braille Ready Format, Library of Congress fdd000551). View Grade 1 instead.
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430,400 braille cells · 452 embossed pages at 40×25 · 542 unrepresentable characters omitted
⠹⠗⠑⠑⠀⠏⠜⠞⠎⠀⠞⠕⠀⠑⠁⠡⠀⠡⠁⠏⠞⠻⠲⠀⠠⠘⠮⠀⠍⠥⠇⠞⠊⠏⠇⠊⠫⠀⠀ ⠛⠊⠧⠑⠀⠹⠊⠗⠞⠽⠂⠀⠿⠀⠮⠀⠏⠊⠑⠉⠑⠎⠀⠷⠀⠎⠊⠇⠧⠻⠲⠀⠠⠃⠑⠎⠊⠙⠑⠀ ⠗⠑⠇⠊⠛⠊⠳⠎⠀⠯⠀⠍⠽⠌⠊⠉⠁⠇⠀⠀⠉⠕⠝⠝⠕⠞⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠎⠂⠀ ⠛⠑⠕⠍⠑⠞⠗⠊⠉⠀⠞⠻⠍⠎⠀⠁⠗⠑⠀⠁⠇⠎⠕⠀⠥⠎⠫⠂⠀⠯⠀⠐⠕⠀ ⠊⠝⠞⠻⠑⠌⠬⠀⠙⠑⠧⠊⠉⠑⠀⠀⠊⠎⠀⠮⠀⠎⠽⠍⠃⠕⠇⠊⠵⠬⠀⠷⠀⠺⠕⠗⠙⠎⠀⠯ ⠀⠑⠧⠢⠀⠏⠓⠗⠁⠎⠑⠎⠀⠃⠽⠀⠇⠑⠞⠞⠻⠎⠲⠀⠠⠹⠊⠎⠀⠞⠊⠑⠎⠀⠔⠀⠀ ⠝⠑⠁⠞⠇⠽⠀⠾⠀⠎⠽⠇⠇⠕⠛⠊⠎⠍⠲⠀⠠⠁⠀⠎⠁⠍⠏⠇⠑⠀⠋⠕⠇⠇⠪⠎⠒⠀⠀⠀ ⠄⠄⠄⠀⠙⠊⠧⠻⠎⠊⠞⠽⠀⠊⠎⠀⠩⠪⠝⠀⠔⠀⠮⠀⠙⠑⠍⠕⠝⠌⠗⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠞⠀⠮ ⠀⠠⠙⠀⠍⠁⠅⠑⠎⠀⠷⠀⠮⠀⠠⠑⠀⠯⠀⠀⠮⠀⠠⠋⠀⠯⠀⠮⠀⠠⠛⠀⠾⠀⠮⠀⠠⠊⠀⠯ ⠀⠮⠀⠠⠅⠂⠀⠮⠗⠑⠿⠑⠀⠮⠀⠠⠓⠀⠓⠁⠎⠀⠉⠻⠞⠁⠔⠀⠀⠎⠉⠊⠢⠞⠊⠋⠊⠉⠀⠅ ⠀⠷⠀⠠⠹⠽⠀⠓⠕⠇⠽⠀⠯⠀⠛⠇⠕⠗⠊⠳⠎⠀⠠⠞⠗⠔⠊⠞⠽⠲⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠹⠊⠎⠀⠴ ⠀⠕⠝⠇⠽⠀⠏⠗⠕⠇⠕⠛⠥⠑⠀⠞⠕⠀⠮⠀⠠⠁⠗⠎⠀⠠⠍⠁⠛⠝⠁⠂⠀⠮⠀ ⠦⠠⠛⠗⠑⠁⠞⠀⠠⠁⠗⠞⠴⠀⠷⠀⠠⠗⠁⠍⠝⠀⠀⠠⠇⠥⠇⠇⠲⠀⠠⠔⠀⠼⠁⠃⠛⠙⠂⠀ ⠮⠀⠙⠑⠧⠳⠞⠀⠏⠊⠇⠛⠗⠊⠍⠀⠉⠇⠊⠍⠃⠫⠀⠠⠍⠳⠝⠞⠀⠠⠏⠁⠇⠍⠁⠀⠔⠀ ⠎⠑⠜⠡⠀⠷⠀⠀⠙⠊⠧⠔⠑⠀⠓⠑⠇⠏⠀⠔⠀⠦⠀⠺⠗⠊⠞⠬⠎⠲⠀⠠⠮⠀⠗⠑⠎⠥⠇⠞ ⠀⠴⠀⠮⠀⠋⠊⠗⠌⠀⠗⠑⠉⠕⠗⠙⠫⠀⠁⠞⠞⠑⠍⠏⠞⠀⠀⠞⠕⠀⠥⠎⠑⠀ ⠙⠊⠁⠛⠗⠁⠍⠎⠀⠞⠕⠀⠙⠊⠎⠉⠕⠧⠻⠀⠯⠀⠞⠕⠀⠏⠗⠕⠧⠑⠀ ⠝⠕⠝⠤⠍⠁⠮⠍⠁⠞⠊⠉⠁⠇⠀⠞⠗⠥⠹⠎⠲⠀⠀⠠⠎⠏⠑⠉⠊⠋⠊⠉⠁⠇⠇⠽⠂⠀ ⠠⠇⠥⠇⠇⠀⠙⠑⠞⠻⠍⠔⠫⠀⠞⠀⠓⠑⠀⠉⠳⠇⠙⠀⠉⠕⠝⠌⠗⠥⠉⠞⠀ ⠍⠑⠡⠁⠝⠊⠉⠁⠇⠀⠙⠑⠧⠊⠉⠑⠎⠀⠀⠞⠀⠺⠳⠇⠙⠀⠏⠻⠿⠍⠀⠇⠕⠛⠊⠉⠀⠞⠕⠀ ⠏⠗⠕⠧⠑⠀⠮⠀⠧⠁⠇⠊⠙⠊⠞⠽⠀⠷⠀⠠⠛⠕⠙⠄⠎⠀⠘⠺⠲⠀⠠⠱⠻⠑⠀⠀⠿⠉⠑⠂ ⠀⠔⠀⠮⠀⠩⠁⠏⠑⠀⠷⠀⠮⠀⠠⠉⠗⠥⠎⠁⠙⠑⠎⠂⠀⠸⠓⠀⠋⠁⠊⠇⠫⠂⠀⠠⠇⠥⠇⠇ ⠀⠴⠀⠉⠕⠝⠧⠔⠉⠫⠀⠞⠀⠀⠇⠕⠛⠊⠉⠁⠇⠀⠁⠗⠛⠥⠍⠢⠞⠀⠺⠳⠇⠙⠀⠺⠔⠀ ⠕⠧⠻⠀⠮⠀⠊⠝⠋⠊⠙⠑⠇⠎⠂⠀⠯⠀⠓⠑⠀⠙⠑⠧⠕⠞⠫⠀⠦⠀⠇⠊⠋⠑⠀⠞⠕⠀⠀⠮ ⠀⠞⠁⠎⠅⠲⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠗⠢⠳⠝⠉⠬⠀⠦⠀⠑⠌⠁⠞⠑⠂⠀⠊⠝⠉⠇⠥⠙⠬⠀⠦⠀
These are the same pages the .brf download embosses — form-feed breaks and all. BRF opens in braille software (Duxbury, BrailleBlaster), on embossers, and on refreshable displays.