Library / Engineering & Technology / Paper & paper making, ancient and modern / Braille
Paper & paper making, ancient and modern ⠃⠗⠋ braille edition
Grade 2 — contracted English braille (EBAE-compatible subset). Translated on this server by our own braille engine (BRF — Braille Ready Format, Library of Congress fdd000551). View Grade 1 instead.
Download .brf — Grade 2 Download .brf — Grade 1 Plain-text reader .txt
148,504 braille cells · 156 embossed pages at 40×25 · 182 unrepresentable characters omitted
⠺⠳⠇⠙⠀⠏⠗⠕⠧⠑⠀⠞⠕⠀⠦⠀⠀⠋⠗⠊⠢⠙⠂⠀⠁⠇⠇⠥⠙⠫⠀⠁⠃⠕⠧⠑⠀⠁⠇⠇ ⠀⠕⠮⠗⠎⠀⠞⠕⠀⠮⠀⠗⠑⠍⠜⠅⠁⠃⠇⠑⠀⠉⠁⠏⠁⠃⠊⠇⠊⠞⠽⠀⠱⠊⠡⠀⠀⠭⠀ ⠏⠕⠎⠎⠑⠎⠎⠫⠀⠷⠀⠏⠗⠕⠙⠥⠉⠬⠀⠏⠁⠏⠻⠀⠷⠀⠁⠝⠽⠀⠇⠢⠛⠹⠀⠞⠀ ⠉⠳⠇⠙⠀⠏⠕⠎⠎⠊⠃⠇⠽⠀⠀⠃⠑⠀⠗⠑⠟⠥⠊⠗⠫⠲⠀⠦⠠⠺⠑⠇⠇⠂⠴⠀⠎⠁⠊⠙ ⠀⠦⠀⠋⠗⠊⠢⠙⠂⠀⠦⠠⠊⠀⠧⠀⠍⠥⠡⠀⠙⠳⠃⠞⠀⠞⠂⠀⠃⠀⠀⠊⠋⠀⠽⠀⠉⠀ ⠍⠁⠅⠑⠀⠍⠑⠀⠋⠊⠧⠑⠀⠍⠊⠇⠑⠎⠀⠷⠀⠮⠀⠟⠥⠁⠇⠊⠞⠽⠀⠠⠊⠀ ⠗⠑⠟⠥⠊⠗⠑⠂⠀⠠⠊⠀⠩⠁⠇⠇⠀⠀⠉⠻⠞⠁⠔⠇⠽⠀⠓⠀⠇⠊⠞⠞⠇⠑⠀ ⠓⠑⠎⠊⠞⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠔⠀⠁⠙⠍⠊⠞⠞⠬⠀⠁⠇⠇⠀⠮⠀⠏⠻⠋⠑⠉⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠀⠯⠀ ⠎⠥⠊⠞⠁⠃⠊⠇⠊⠞⠽⠀⠱⠊⠡⠀⠽⠀⠓⠀⠇⠁⠃⠳⠗⠫⠀⠞⠕⠀⠊⠍⠏⠗⠑⠎⠎⠀⠘⠥ ⠀⠍⠑⠲⠴⠀⠠⠮⠀⠀⠧⠀⠝⠑⠭⠞⠀⠙⠁⠽⠀⠮⠀⠍⠁⠡⠔⠑⠀⠴⠀⠎⠑⠞⠀⠞⠕⠀ ⠐⠺⠂⠀⠯⠀⠞⠊⠍⠫⠂⠀⠔⠀⠕⠗⠙⠻⠀⠞⠕⠀⠀⠁⠎⠉⠻⠞⠁⠔⠀⠮⠀⠗⠑⠟⠥⠊⠗⠫ ⠀⠇⠢⠛⠹⠀⠺⠳⠝⠙⠀⠘⠥⠀⠮⠀⠗⠑⠑⠇⠂⠀⠱⠊⠡⠂⠀⠁⠋⠞⠻⠀⠀⠃⠑⠬⠀ ⠡⠜⠛⠫⠀⠾⠀⠠⠑⠭⠉⠊⠎⠑⠀⠙⠥⠞⠽⠂⠀⠴⠀⠿⠺⠜⠙⠫⠀⠾⠳⠞⠀⠙⠑⠇⠁⠽⠀ ⠞⠕⠀⠊⠞⠎⠀⠀⠙⠑⠌⠔⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠆⠀⠯⠂⠀⠵⠀⠍⠁⠽⠀⠃⠑⠀⠉⠕⠝⠉⠑⠊⠧⠫⠂ ⠀⠞⠕⠀⠮⠀⠥⠞⠞⠻⠀⠁⠌⠕⠝⠊⠩⠍⠢⠞⠀⠷⠀⠀⠦⠀⠊⠝⠉⠗⠫⠥⠇⠳⠎⠀ ⠋⠗⠊⠢⠙⠲⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠭⠀⠊⠎⠀⠁⠀⠋⠁⠉⠞⠂⠀⠱⠊⠡⠀⠉⠻⠞⠁⠔⠇⠽⠀ ⠙⠑⠎⠻⠧⠑⠎⠀⠞⠕⠀⠃⠑⠀⠝⠕⠞⠊⠉⠫⠀⠿⠀⠊⠞⠎⠀⠀⠎⠬⠥⠇⠜⠊⠞⠽⠀⠵⠀ ⠺⠑⠇⠇⠀⠵⠀⠿⠀⠮⠀⠌⠗⠕⠝⠛⠀⠏⠕⠔⠞⠀⠷⠀⠧⠊⠑⠺⠀⠔⠀⠱⠊⠡⠀⠭⠀⠀ ⠏⠇⠁⠉⠑⠎⠀⠮⠀⠍⠻⠊⠞⠎⠀⠷⠀⠹⠊⠎⠀⠊⠝⠧⠢⠞⠊⠕⠝⠂⠀⠞⠀⠁⠝⠀⠁⠗⠞⠀ ⠷⠀⠎⠥⠡⠀⠛⠗⠑⠁⠞⠀⠀⠊⠍⠏⠕⠗⠞⠁⠝⠉⠑⠀⠞⠕⠀⠎⠕⠉⠊⠑⠞⠽⠀⠵⠀⠞⠀⠷ ⠀⠮⠀⠍⠁⠝⠥⠋⠁⠉⠞⠥⠗⠑⠀⠷⠀⠏⠁⠏⠻⠂⠀⠩⠳⠇⠙⠀⠀⠓⠀⠗⠑⠍⠁⠔⠫⠀⠿⠀ ⠁⠞⠀⠇⠑⠁⠌⠀⠑⠊⠛⠓⠞⠀⠉⠢⠞⠥⠗⠊⠑⠎⠀⠎⠔⠉⠑⠀⠏⠁⠏⠻⠀⠊⠎⠀⠋⠊⠗⠌ ⠀⠀⠃⠑⠇⠊⠑⠧⠫⠀⠞⠕⠀⠓⠀⠃⠑⠢⠀⠔⠀⠥⠎⠑⠂⠀⠯⠀⠞⠀⠥⠏⠺⠜⠙⠎⠀⠷⠀ ⠼⠃⠚⠚⠀⠷⠀⠘⠹⠀⠽⠑⠜⠎⠀⠀⠩⠳⠇⠙⠀⠓⠀⠑⠇⠁⠏⠎⠫⠀⠎⠔⠉⠑⠀⠊⠞⠎⠀ ⠋⠊⠗⠌⠀⠊⠝⠞⠗⠕⠙⠥⠉⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠊⠝⠞⠕⠀⠠⠑⠝⠛⠇⠯⠂⠀⠀⠾⠳⠞⠀⠁⠝⠽⠀
These are the same pages the .brf download embosses — form-feed breaks and all. BRF opens in braille software (Duxbury, BrailleBlaster), on embossers, and on refreshable displays.