Skip to contentSkip to Braille Studio

Library / Teaching / A manual on the origin and development of Washington / Braille

A manual on the origin and development of Washington ⠃⠗⠋ braille edition

Grade 1 — uncontracted, letter-for-letter. Translated on this server by our own braille engine (BRF — Braille Ready Format, Library of Congress fdd000551). View Grade 2 instead.

Download .brf — Grade 2 Download .brf — Grade 1 Plain-text reader .txt

603,357 braille cells · 630 embossed pages at 40×25 · 1,900 unrepresentable characters omitted

⠁⠏⠏⠕⠊⠝⠞⠂⠀⠃⠽⠀⠛⠕⠕⠙⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠎⠥⠋⠋⠊⠉⠊⠑⠝⠞⠀⠙⠑⠑⠙⠎⠂⠀
⠊⠝⠀⠠⠋⠑⠑⠀⠎⠊⠍⠏⠇⠑⠂⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠺⠓⠕⠇⠑⠀⠕⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠕⠥⠗⠀
⠗⠑⠎⠏⠑⠉⠞⠊⠧⠑⠀⠠⠇⠁⠝⠙⠎⠀⠺⠓⠊⠉⠓⠀⠓⠑⠀⠍⠁⠽⠀⠞⠓⠊⠝⠅⠀
⠏⠗⠕⠏⠑⠗⠀⠞⠕⠀⠊⠝⠉⠇⠥⠙⠑⠀⠺⠊⠞⠓⠊⠝⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠀⠀⠀⠇⠊⠝⠑⠎⠀⠕⠋
⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠠⠋⠑⠙⠑⠗⠁⠇⠀⠠⠉⠊⠞⠽⠂⠀⠋⠕⠗⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠏⠥⠗⠏⠕⠎⠑⠎⠀
⠁⠝⠙⠀⠕⠝⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠉⠕⠝⠙⠊⠞⠊⠕⠝⠎⠀⠀⠀⠀⠋⠕⠇⠇⠕⠺⠊⠝⠛⠒⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠠⠞⠓⠑⠀⠠⠏⠗⠑⠎⠊⠙⠑⠝⠞⠀⠎⠓⠁⠇⠇⠀⠓⠁⠧⠑⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠎⠕⠇⠑⠀
⠏⠕⠺⠑⠗⠀⠕⠋⠀⠙⠊⠗⠑⠉⠞⠊⠝⠛⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠠⠋⠑⠙⠑⠗⠁⠇⠀⠠⠉⠊⠞⠽⠀⠀⠀
⠞⠕⠀⠃⠑⠀⠇⠁⠊⠙⠀⠕⠋⠋⠀⠊⠝⠀⠺⠓⠁⠞⠀⠍⠁⠝⠝⠑⠗⠀⠓⠑⠀
⠏⠇⠑⠁⠎⠑⠎⠲⠀⠠⠓⠑⠀⠍⠁⠽⠀⠗⠑⠞⠁⠊⠝⠀⠁⠝⠽⠀⠝⠥⠍⠃⠑⠗⠀⠀⠀⠀⠕⠋
⠀⠠⠎⠟⠥⠁⠗⠑⠎⠀⠓⠑⠀⠍⠁⠽⠀⠞⠓⠊⠝⠅⠀⠏⠗⠕⠏⠑⠗⠀⠋⠕⠗⠀⠏⠥⠃⠇⠊⠉
⠀⠠⠊⠍⠏⠗⠕⠧⠑⠍⠑⠝⠞⠎⠂⠀⠕⠗⠀⠕⠞⠓⠑⠗⠀⠀⠀⠀⠏⠥⠃⠇⠊⠉⠀
⠠⠥⠎⠑⠎⠂⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠇⠕⠞⠎⠀⠕⠝⠇⠽⠀⠺⠓⠊⠉⠓⠀⠎⠓⠁⠇⠇⠀⠃⠑⠀
⠇⠁⠊⠙⠀⠕⠋⠋⠀⠎⠓⠁⠇⠇⠀⠃⠑⠀⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠚⠕⠊⠝⠞⠀⠏⠗⠕⠏⠑⠗⠞⠽⠀
⠃⠑⠞⠺⠑⠑⠝⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠠⠞⠗⠥⠎⠞⠑⠑⠎⠀⠕⠝⠀⠃⠑⠓⠁⠇⠋⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀
⠏⠥⠃⠇⠊⠉⠂⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠑⠁⠉⠓⠀⠀⠀⠀⠏⠗⠑⠎⠑⠝⠞⠀⠏⠗⠕⠏⠗⠊⠑⠞⠕⠗⠂⠀
⠁⠝⠙⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠎⠁⠍⠑⠀⠎⠓⠁⠇⠇⠀⠃⠑⠀⠋⠁⠊⠗⠇⠽⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠑⠟⠥⠁⠇⠇⠽
⠀⠙⠊⠧⠊⠙⠑⠙⠀⠀⠀⠀⠃⠑⠞⠺⠑⠑⠝⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠏⠥⠃⠇⠊⠉⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀
⠠⠊⠝⠙⠊⠧⠊⠙⠥⠁⠇⠎⠂⠀⠁⠎⠀⠎⠕⠕⠝⠀⠁⠎⠀⠍⠁⠽⠀⠃⠑⠂⠀⠁⠋⠞⠑⠗⠀
⠞⠓⠑⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠉⠊⠞⠽⠀⠎⠓⠁⠇⠇⠀⠃⠑⠀⠇⠁⠊⠙⠀⠕⠋⠋⠲⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠠⠋⠕⠗⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠎⠞⠗⠑⠑⠞⠎⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠏⠗⠕⠏⠗⠊⠑⠞⠕⠗⠎⠀⠎⠓⠁⠇⠇⠀
⠗⠑⠉⠑⠊⠧⠑⠀⠝⠕⠀⠉⠕⠍⠏⠑⠝⠎⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠆⠀⠃⠥⠞⠀⠀⠀⠀⠋⠕⠗⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀
⠎⠟⠥⠁⠗⠑⠎⠀⠕⠗⠀⠠⠇⠁⠝⠙⠎⠀⠊⠝⠀⠁⠝⠽⠀⠋⠕⠗⠍⠂⠀⠺⠓⠊⠉⠓⠀
⠎⠓⠁⠇⠇⠀⠃⠑⠀⠞⠁⠅⠑⠝⠀⠋⠕⠗⠀⠀⠀⠀⠏⠥⠃⠇⠊⠉⠀⠃⠥⠊⠇⠙⠊⠝⠛⠎⠂⠀
⠕⠗⠀⠁⠝⠽⠀⠅⠊⠝⠙⠀⠕⠋⠀⠏⠥⠃⠇⠊⠉⠀⠊⠍⠏⠗⠕⠧⠑⠍⠑⠝⠞⠎⠂⠀⠕⠗⠀

These are the same pages the .brf download embosses — form-feed breaks and all. BRF opens in braille software (Duxbury, BrailleBlaster), on embossers, and on refreshable displays.