Skip to contentSkip to Braille Studio

Library / Philosophy / Intelligence in Plants and Animals / Braille

Intelligence in Plants and Animals ⠃⠗⠋ braille edition

Grade 2 — contracted English braille (EBAE-compatible subset). Translated on this server by our own braille engine (BRF — Braille Ready Format, Library of Congress fdd000551). View Grade 1 instead.

Download .brf — Grade 2 Download .brf — Grade 1 Plain-text reader .txt

731,223 braille cells · 762 embossed pages at 40×25 · 445 unrepresentable characters omitted

⠀⠊⠝⠞⠑⠌⠔⠑⠎⠀⠷⠀⠺⠕⠗⠍⠎⠲⠀⠠⠵⠀⠮⠀⠇⠑⠁⠧⠑⠎⠀⠀⠱⠊⠡⠀⠁⠗⠑⠀
⠙⠗⠁⠛⠛⠫⠀⠊⠝⠞⠕⠀⠮⠀⠃⠥⠗⠗⠪⠎⠀⠁⠗⠑⠀⠷⠞⠢⠀⠙⠗⠽⠀⠯⠀
⠩⠗⠊⠧⠑⠇⠇⠫⠂⠀⠭⠀⠀⠊⠎⠀⠊⠝⠙⠊⠎⠏⠢⠎⠁⠃⠇⠑⠀⠿⠀⠮⠀⠥⠝⠜⠍⠫⠀
⠍⠳⠹⠎⠀⠷⠀⠺⠕⠗⠍⠎⠀⠞⠀⠮⠽⠀⠩⠳⠇⠙⠀⠀⠋⠊⠗⠌⠀⠃⠑⠀⠍⠕⠊⠌⠢⠫⠀⠯
⠀⠎⠷⠞⠢⠫⠂⠀⠸⠮⠀⠙⠊⠎⠔⠞⠑⠛⠗⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠃⠑⠬⠀⠮⠗⠑⠃⠽⠀⠮⠀⠀⠍⠀
⠗⠑⠁⠙⠊⠇⠽⠀⠑⠋⠋⠑⠉⠞⠫⠲⠀⠠⠋⠗⠑⠩⠀⠇⠑⠁⠧⠑⠎⠂⠀⠓⠪⠑⠧⠻⠀⠎⠷⠞
⠀⠯⠀⠞⠢⠙⠻⠀⠮⠽⠀⠍⠁⠽⠀⠀⠃⠑⠂⠀⠁⠗⠑⠀⠎⠊⠍⠊⠇⠜⠇⠽⠀⠞⠗⠑⠁⠞⠫⠂
⠀⠏⠗⠕⠃⠁⠃⠇⠽⠀⠋⠀⠓⠁⠃⠊⠞⠲⠀⠠⠹⠥⠎⠀⠮⠀⠇⠑⠁⠧⠑⠎⠀⠁⠗⠑⠀⠀
⠏⠜⠞⠊⠁⠇⠇⠽⠀⠙⠊⠛⠑⠌⠫⠀⠃⠑⠿⠑⠀⠮⠽⠀⠁⠗⠑⠀⠞⠁⠅⠢⠀⠊⠝⠞⠕⠀⠮⠀
⠁⠇⠊⠍⠢⠞⠜⠽⠀⠉⠁⠝⠁⠇⠂⠀⠁⠝⠀⠀⠊⠝⠌⠁⠝⠉⠑⠀⠷⠀
⠑⠭⠞⠗⠁⠤⠌⠕⠍⠁⠡⠁⠇⠀⠙⠊⠛⠑⠌⠊⠕⠝⠂⠀⠘⠱⠀⠝⠑⠜⠑⠌⠀⠁⠝⠁⠇⠕⠛⠽
⠀⠊⠎⠀⠞⠕⠀⠃⠑⠀⠀⠋⠳⠝⠙⠀⠔⠀⠎⠥⠡⠀⠏⠇⠁⠝⠞⠎⠀⠵⠀⠠⠙⠊⠕⠝⠁⠀⠯⠀
⠠⠙⠗⠕⠎⠻⠁⠂⠀⠿⠀⠔⠀⠮⠍⠀⠁⠝⠊⠍⠁⠇⠀⠍⠁⠞⠞⠻⠀⠀⠊⠎⠀⠙⠊⠛⠑⠌⠫⠀
⠯⠀⠉⠕⠝⠧⠻⠞⠫⠀⠊⠝⠞⠕⠀⠏⠑⠏⠞⠕⠝⠑⠂⠀⠝⠀⠾⠔⠀⠁⠀⠌⠕⠍⠁⠡⠂⠀⠃⠀
⠕⠝⠀⠀⠮⠀⠎⠥⠗⠋⠁⠉⠑⠎⠀⠷⠀⠮⠀⠇⠑⠁⠧⠑⠎⠲⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠃⠀⠝⠕⠀
⠏⠕⠗⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠷⠀⠮⠀⠑⠉⠕⠝⠕⠍⠽⠀⠷⠀⠺⠕⠗⠍⠎⠀⠓⠁⠎⠀⠃⠑⠢⠀⠍⠀⠮⠀
⠎⠥⠃⠚⠑⠉⠞⠀⠷⠀⠀⠎⠏⠑⠉⠥⠇⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠹⠁⠝⠀⠮⠀⠉⠁⠇⠉⠊⠋⠻⠳⠎⠀
⠛⠇⠯⠎⠲⠀⠠⠁⠃⠳⠞⠀⠵⠀⠸⠍⠀⠮⠕⠗⠊⠑⠎⠀⠓⠀⠀⠃⠑⠢⠀⠁⠙⠧⠁⠝⠉⠫⠀
⠕⠝⠀⠸⠮⠀⠥⠞⠊⠇⠊⠞⠽⠀⠵⠀⠮⠗⠑⠀⠓⠀⠃⠑⠢⠀⠕⠃⠎⠻⠧⠻⠎⠲⠀
⠠⠚⠥⠙⠛⠬⠀⠀⠋⠀⠸⠮⠀⠎⠊⠵⠑⠀⠯⠀⠋⠀⠸⠮⠀⠗⠊⠡⠀⠎⠥⠏⠏⠇⠽⠀⠷⠀
⠃⠇⠕⠕⠙⠤⠧⠑⠎⠎⠑⠇⠎⠂⠀⠮⠽⠀⠍⠥⠌⠀⠀⠃⠑⠀⠷⠀⠧⠁⠌⠀
⠊⠍⠏⠕⠗⠞⠁⠝⠉⠑⠀⠞⠕⠀⠘⠮⠀⠁⠝⠊⠍⠁⠇⠎⠲⠀⠠⠮⠽⠀⠉⠕⠝⠎⠊⠌⠀⠷⠀
⠹⠗⠑⠑⠀⠏⠁⠊⠗⠎⠂⠀⠀⠱⠊⠡⠀⠔⠀⠮⠀⠠⠉⠕⠍⠍⠕⠝⠀⠠⠑⠜⠹⠤⠺⠕⠗⠍⠀
⠙⠑⠃⠳⠡⠀⠊⠝⠞⠕⠀⠮⠀⠁⠇⠊⠍⠢⠞⠜⠽⠀⠉⠁⠝⠁⠇⠀⠔⠀⠀⠋⠗⠕⠝⠞⠀⠷⠀⠮
⠀⠛⠊⠵⠵⠜⠙⠂⠀⠃⠀⠏⠕⠌⠻⠊⠕⠗⠇⠽⠀⠞⠕⠀⠭⠂⠀⠔⠀⠐⠎⠀⠛⠢⠻⠁⠲⠀⠠⠮

These are the same pages the .brf download embosses — form-feed breaks and all. BRF opens in braille software (Duxbury, BrailleBlaster), on embossers, and on refreshable displays.