Skip to contentSkip to Braille Studio

Library / Art / The Principles of Aesthetics / Braille

The Principles of Aesthetics ⠃⠗⠋ braille edition

Grade 1 — uncontracted, letter-for-letter. Translated on this server by our own braille engine (BRF — Braille Ready Format, Library of Congress fdd000551). View Grade 2 instead.

Download .brf — Grade 2 Download .brf — Grade 1 Plain-text reader .txt

612,961 braille cells · 651 embossed pages at 40×25 · 581 unrepresentable characters omitted

⠠⠉⠕⠍⠏⠕⠎⠑⠀⠽⠕⠥⠗⠀⠏⠁⠎⠎⠊⠕⠝⠂⠀⠺⠑⠀⠎⠁⠽⠀⠞⠕⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀
⠍⠥⠎⠊⠉⠊⠁⠝⠆⠀⠏⠁⠞⠞⠑⠗⠝⠀⠊⠞⠀⠋⠕⠗⠞⠓⠂⠀⠺⠑⠀⠎⠁⠽⠀⠞⠕⠀
⠞⠓⠑⠀⠏⠕⠑⠞⠆⠀⠊⠞⠀⠺⠊⠇⠇⠀⠝⠕⠞⠀⠇⠕⠎⠑⠀⠊⠞⠎⠀⠧⠊⠛⠕⠗⠆⠀
⠗⠁⠞⠓⠑⠗⠀⠊⠞⠀⠺⠊⠇⠇⠀⠁⠉⠟⠥⠊⠗⠑⠀⠁⠀⠝⠑⠺⠀⠏⠕⠺⠑⠗⠆⠀⠋⠕⠗⠀
⠞⠓⠥⠎⠀⠊⠞⠀⠺⠊⠇⠇⠀⠁⠉⠓⠊⠑⠧⠑⠀⠗⠑⠎⠞⠗⠁⠊⠝⠞⠂⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠎⠊⠛⠝
⠀⠕⠋⠀⠁⠗⠞⠄⠎⠀⠙⠕⠍⠊⠝⠊⠕⠝⠲⠀⠀⠠⠞⠓⠑⠀⠗⠑⠉⠕⠛⠝⠊⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠕⠋
⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠏⠗⠊⠝⠉⠊⠏⠇⠑⠎⠀⠊⠝⠙⠊⠉⠁⠞⠑⠙⠀⠏⠗⠑⠎⠥⠏⠏⠕⠎⠑⠎⠂⠀
⠕⠋⠀⠉⠕⠥⠗⠎⠑⠂⠀⠞⠓⠁⠞⠀⠁⠗⠞⠀⠗⠑⠁⠇⠇⠽⠀⠓⠁⠎⠀⠁⠀⠏⠥⠗⠏⠕⠎⠑
⠀⠺⠊⠞⠓⠀⠗⠑⠋⠑⠗⠑⠝⠉⠑⠀⠞⠕⠀⠺⠓⠊⠉⠓⠀⠊⠞⠀⠉⠁⠝⠀⠃⠑⠀
⠚⠥⠙⠛⠑⠙⠀⠁⠎⠀⠎⠥⠉⠉⠑⠎⠎⠋⠥⠇⠀⠕⠗⠀⠥⠝⠎⠥⠉⠉⠑⠎⠎⠋⠥⠇⠲⠀
⠠⠃⠥⠞⠀⠠⠊⠀⠙⠕⠀⠝⠕⠞⠀⠎⠑⠑⠀⠓⠕⠺⠀⠞⠓⠊⠎⠀⠉⠁⠝⠀⠧⠑⠗⠽⠀
⠺⠑⠇⠇⠀⠃⠑⠀⠙⠑⠝⠊⠑⠙⠲⠀⠠⠁⠗⠞⠀⠊⠎⠀⠕⠝⠑⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀
⠕⠇⠙⠑⠎⠞⠀⠕⠋⠀⠓⠥⠍⠁⠝⠀⠁⠉⠞⠊⠧⠊⠞⠊⠑⠎⠂⠀⠕⠝⠑⠀⠍⠊⠛⠓⠞⠀
⠁⠇⠍⠕⠎⠞⠀⠎⠁⠽⠀⠊⠝⠎⠞⠊⠞⠥⠞⠊⠕⠝⠎⠂⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠊⠞⠀⠊⠎⠀
⠊⠝⠉⠕⠝⠉⠑⠊⠧⠁⠃⠇⠑⠀⠞⠓⠁⠞⠀⠊⠞⠀⠎⠓⠕⠥⠇⠙⠀⠝⠕⠞⠀⠓⠁⠧⠑⠀
⠃⠑⠑⠝⠀⠙⠊⠗⠑⠉⠞⠑⠙⠀⠃⠽⠀⠎⠕⠍⠑⠀⠊⠝⠞⠑⠝⠞⠊⠕⠝⠂⠀
⠉⠕⠝⠎⠉⠊⠕⠥⠎⠀⠕⠗⠀⠥⠝⠉⠕⠝⠎⠉⠊⠕⠥⠎⠲⠀⠠⠞⠕⠀⠃⠑⠀⠎⠥⠗⠑⠂⠀
⠍⠑⠝⠀⠓⠁⠧⠑⠀⠑⠭⠏⠗⠑⠎⠎⠑⠙⠀⠞⠓⠊⠎⠀⠊⠝⠞⠑⠝⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠊⠝⠀
⠧⠁⠗⠽⠊⠝⠛⠂⠀⠕⠋⠞⠑⠝⠀⠊⠝⠀⠊⠝⠉⠕⠝⠎⠊⠎⠞⠑⠝⠞⠀⠺⠁⠽⠎⠂⠀⠃⠥⠞
⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠎⠁⠍⠑⠀⠊⠎⠀⠞⠗⠥⠑⠀⠕⠋⠀⠁⠇⠇⠀⠕⠞⠓⠑⠗⠀⠓⠥⠍⠁⠝⠀
⠁⠉⠞⠊⠧⠊⠞⠊⠑⠎⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠊⠝⠎⠞⠊⠞⠥⠞⠊⠕⠝⠎⠲⠀⠠⠋⠑⠺⠀⠺⠕⠥⠇⠙⠀
⠙⠑⠝⠽⠂⠀⠠⠊⠀⠎⠥⠏⠏⠕⠎⠑⠂⠀⠞⠓⠁⠞⠀⠎⠉⠊⠑⠝⠉⠑⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀
⠎⠞⠁⠞⠑⠀⠓⠁⠧⠑⠀⠏⠥⠗⠏⠕⠎⠑⠎⠆⠀⠽⠑⠞⠀⠓⠕⠺⠀⠧⠁⠗⠊⠕⠥⠎⠀
⠓⠁⠧⠑⠀⠃⠑⠑⠝⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠙⠑⠋⠊⠝⠊⠞⠊⠕⠝⠎⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠑⠍⠲⠀
⠠⠞⠓⠑⠎⠑⠀⠧⠁⠗⠊⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠎⠀⠓⠁⠧⠑⠀⠉⠕⠗⠗⠑⠎⠏⠕⠝⠙⠑⠙⠂⠀

These are the same pages the .brf download embosses — form-feed breaks and all. BRF opens in braille software (Duxbury, BrailleBlaster), on embossers, and on refreshable displays.