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Library / Engineering & Technology / A short history of the printing press and of the improvements in printing machinery from the time of Gutenberg up to the present day / Braille

A short history of the printing press and of the improvements in printing machinery from the time of Gutenberg up to the present day ⠃⠗⠋ braille edition

Grade 2 — contracted English braille (EBAE-compatible subset). Translated on this server by our own braille engine (BRF — Braille Ready Format, Library of Congress fdd000551). View Grade 1 instead.

Download .brf — Grade 2 Download .brf — Grade 1 Plain-text reader .txt

77,114 braille cells · 81 embossed pages at 40×25 · 127 unrepresentable characters omitted

⠕⠮⠗⠀⠏⠁⠛⠑⠎⠀⠔⠀⠃⠇⠁⠉⠅⠀⠕⠝⠇⠽⠂⠀⠉⠀⠃⠑⠀⠕⠃⠞⠁⠔⠫⠀⠁⠞⠀⠁
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⠋⠥⠇⠇⠀⠏⠗⠕⠙⠥⠉⠞⠀⠷⠀⠮⠀⠉⠕⠇⠕⠗⠀⠎⠑⠉⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠷⠀⠀⠮⠀
⠍⠁⠡⠔⠑⠀⠊⠝⠞⠕⠀⠐⠕⠀⠋⠕⠇⠙⠻⠀⠯⠀⠁⠎⠎⠕⠉⠊⠁⠞⠬⠀⠮⠗⠑⠾⠀
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⠃⠇⠁⠉⠅⠂⠀⠮⠀⠕⠮⠗⠀⠏⠁⠛⠑⠎⠀⠀⠔⠀⠃⠇⠁⠉⠅⠀⠕⠝⠇⠽⠂⠀⠉⠀⠃⠑⠀
⠏⠗⠕⠙⠥⠉⠫⠀⠁⠞⠀⠁⠀⠎⠏⠑⠫⠀⠷⠀⠼⠃⠙⠂⠚⠚⠚⠀⠏⠻⠀⠓⠳⠗⠲⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠠⠮⠀⠙⠊⠍⠢⠎⠊⠕⠝⠎⠀⠷⠀⠹⠊⠎⠀⠍⠁⠡⠔⠑⠀⠁⠗⠑⠀⠵⠀⠋⠕⠇⠇⠪⠎⠒⠀
⠠⠇⠢⠛⠹⠂⠀⠼⠉⠑⠀⠋⠑⠑⠞⠆⠀⠀⠓⠑⠊⠛⠓⠞⠂⠀⠼⠁⠛⠀⠋⠑⠑⠞⠆⠀
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⠏⠳⠝⠙⠎⠆⠀⠯⠀⠀⠮⠀⠝⠥⠍⠃⠻⠀⠷⠀⠏⠜⠞⠎⠀⠷⠀⠱⠊⠡⠀⠭⠀⠊⠎⠀
⠉⠕⠍⠏⠕⠎⠫⠂⠀⠁⠏⠏⠗⠕⠭⠊⠍⠁⠞⠑⠇⠽⠀⠼⠑⠚⠂⠚⠚⠚⠲⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠮⠀
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⠊⠍⠍⠢⠎⠑⠀⠁⠙⠧⠁⠝⠉⠑⠀⠀⠔⠀⠮⠀⠁⠗⠞⠀⠷⠀⠉⠕⠇⠕⠗⠀⠏⠗⠔⠞⠬⠲⠀
⠠⠮⠀⠍⠁⠛⠁⠵⠔⠑⠀⠾⠳⠞⠀⠁⠝⠀⠑⠇⠁⠃⠕⠗⠁⠞⠑⠀⠉⠕⠇⠕⠗⠀⠀⠉⠕⠧⠻⠂
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⠁⠛⠕⠲⠀⠠⠁⠋⠞⠻⠀⠎⠁⠞⠊⠎⠋⠁⠉⠞⠕⠗⠽⠀⠑⠭⠏⠻⠊⠍⠢⠞⠎⠀⠭⠀⠀⠴⠀
⠁⠎⠉⠻⠞⠁⠔⠫⠀⠃⠽⠀⠮⠀⠺⠗⠊⠞⠻⠀⠞⠂⠀⠾⠀⠮⠀⠊⠝⠅⠎⠀⠏⠗⠕⠏⠻⠇⠽⠀
⠏⠗⠑⠏⠜⠫⠂⠀⠀⠯⠀⠎⠥⠊⠞⠁⠃⠇⠑⠀⠏⠇⠁⠞⠑⠎⠀⠞⠕⠀⠏⠗⠔⠞⠀⠋⠂⠀
⠉⠕⠇⠕⠗⠎⠀⠉⠳⠇⠙⠀⠃⠑⠀⠏⠗⠔⠞⠫⠀⠁⠇⠍⠕⠌⠀⠀
⠎⠊⠍⠥⠇⠞⠁⠝⠑⠳⠎⠇⠽⠀⠘⠥⠀⠮⠀⠏⠁⠏⠻⠂⠀⠾⠳⠞⠀⠍⠬⠇⠬⠆⠀⠔⠀

These are the same pages the .brf download embosses — form-feed breaks and all. BRF opens in braille software (Duxbury, BrailleBlaster), on embossers, and on refreshable displays.