,a ,%ort ,hi/ory ( ,! ,pr9t+ ,press ,illu/ration3 7,,f ,,m$al ,,( ,,gut5b]g ,,/atue7 ,a ,%ort ,hi/ory ( ,! ,pr9t+ ,press ,& ( ! ,improvem5ts 9 ,pr9t+ ,ma*9]y f ! ,"t ( ,gut5b]g up to ! ,pres5t ,day ,illu/ration3 ,,f ,a ,,m$al ,,by ,,s*>ff ,,( ,,vi5na ,,pr9t$ ,,& ,,publi%$ ,,= ,,rob]t ,,hoe ,,new ,,york #aijb ,,li/ ,,( ,,illu/rations ,,! ,,pr9t+ ,,press #e ,,! ,,e>lie/ ,,=m ,,( ,,! ,,pr9t+ ,,press #f ,,! ,,blaew ,,press #g ,,/anhope ,,press #h ,,clym]',s ,,columbian ,,press #h ,,pet] ,,smi? ,,h& ,,press #i ,,wa%+ton ,,h& ,,press #aj ,,treadwell',s ,,wood5-,,frame ,,b$ ,,& ,,plat5 ,,p[] ,,press #aa ,,isaac ,,adam',s ,,b$ ,,& ,,plat5 ,,press #ad ,,s+le ,,small ,,cyl9d] ,,press #ah ,,d\ble ,,cyl9d] ,,press #ah ,,s+le ,,l>ge ,,cyl9d] ,,press #ai ,,/op ,,cyl9d] ,,li?ographic ,,press #bf ,,rot>y ,,z9cographic ,,or ,,alum9um ,,press #bg ,,two-,,color ,,rot>y ,,z9cographic ,,or ,,alum9um ,,press #cj ,,f\r ,,cyl9d] ,,rot>y ,,type-,,revolv+ ,,press #ca ,,t5 ,,cyl9d] ,,rot>y ,,type-,,revolv+ ,,press #ca ,,applega?',s ,,type-,,revolv+ ,,press #dj ,,bullock ,,press #db ,,london ,,times ,,rot>y ,,ma*9e #df ,,fir/ ,,hoe ,,web ,,press #ej ,,d\ble ,,supplem5t ,,press #ea ,,quadruple ,,press #ei ,,/raight-,,l9e ,,press #ei ,,sextuple ,,press #fb ,,appleton ,,rot>y ,,book ,,press #fh ,,rot>y ,,type-,,revolv+ ,,web ,,p]fect+ ,,press #fi ,,?ree ,,page ,,wide ,,press #gj ,,newspap] ,,& ,,pamphlet ,,press #ga ,,rot>y ,,art ,,press #ge 8,,tit ,,bits0 ,,press #hj ,,octuple ,,press #ha ,,d\ble ,,sextuple ,,press ,,built ,,= ,,! ,,new ,,york ,,j\rnal #hd 8,,colli]',s ,,weekly0 ,,press #ij ,illu/ration3 ,,fu/ ,,& ,,s*oeff] ,illu/ration3 ,,caxton ,illu/ration3 ,,wynkyn ,,de ,,worde ,,! ,,pr9t+ ,,press ,ab\t ! ye> #adej1 ,gut5b]g 0 engag$ 9 pr9t+ 8 fir/ book f movable types4 ,no me?od ( tak+ ! impressions simpl] ?an t employ$ by him c be imag9$1 unless x be ) a 8buff]10 or by means ( a bru% rubb$ ov] ! pap] laid ^u ! 8=m0 ( type1 aft] ! mann] ( ! ,*9ese 9 pr9t+ f engrav$ blocks4 ,8 pr9t+ press consi/$ ( two upright timb]s1 ) cross pieces ( wood to /ay !m toge!r at ! top & bottom4 ,!re 7 also int]m$iate cross timb]s1 "o ( :i* support$ ! flat 8b$0 ^u :i* ! type 0 plac$1 & ?r\gh ano!r a wood5 screw pass$1 its l[] po9t re/+ on ! c5tre ( a wood5 8plat510 :i* 0 ?us screw$ d[n ^u ! type4 ,aft] ink+ ! =m ) a ball ( lea!r /uff$ ) wool1 ! pr9t] spread ! pap] ov] x1 lay+ a piece ( blanket ^u ! pap] to s(t5 ! impression ( ! plat5 & remove inequalities4 ,?is 0 ! ma*9e :i* ,gut5b]g us$4 ,! me*anical pr9ciple embodi$ 9 x 0 f\nd 9 ! old *eese & l95 presses ord9>ily se5 9 ! h\ses ( m$ieval times4 ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,e>lie/ ,,=m ,,( ,,pr9t+ ,,press ,7 ,gut5b]g call$ ^u to pr9t 8 ,bible to-day he w\ld f9d virtually ! same type ready = 8 purpose z t made by him1 no *ange hav+ tak5 place 9 its g5]al con=mation2 b he w\ld be bewild]$ 9 ! maze ( pr9t+ ma*9]y ( ! beg9n+ ( ! tw5tie? c5tury4 ,! simple =m ( wood5 press1 work$ ) a screw by means ( a movable b>1 cont9u$ 9 use = ab\t "o hundr$ & fifty ye>s1 or until ! e>ly "p ( ! sev5te5? c5tury1 )\t any mat]ial *ange4 ,! =ms ( type 7 plac$ ^u ! same wood5 & sometimes /one b$s1 incas$ 9 frames call$ 8c(f9s10 mov$ 9 & out labori\sly by h&1 & aft] ea* impression ! plat5 _h to be screw$ up ) ! b> s t ! pap] :i* _h be5 pr9t$ ^u x might be remov$ & hung up to dry4 ,illu/ration3 ,,! ,,blaew ,,press ,! fir/ record$ improvem5ts 9 ?is press 7 made by ,william ,j5s5 ,blaew1 a pr9t] ( ,am/]dam1 "s "t ab\t #afbj4 ,!y consi/$ 9 pass+ ! sp9dle ( ! screw ?r\gh a squ>e block :i* 0 guid$ 9 ! wood5 frame1 & f ?is block ! plat5 0 susp5d$ by wires or cords2 ! block1 or box1 prev5t+ any twi/ 9 ! plat51 & insur+ a m equal motion to ! screw4 ,he also plac$ a device ^u ! press = roll+ 9 & out ! b$1 & add$ a new =m ( iron h& lev] = turn+ ! screw4 ,blaew's press 0 introduc$ into ,engl&1 & us$ !re z well z on ! cont95t1 be+ sub/antially ! same z t ,b5jam9 ,frankl9 work$ ^u z a j\rneyman 9 ,london1 e>ly 9 ! la/ c5tury4 ,illu/ration3 ,,/anhope ,,press ,little fur!r improvem5t 0 made 9 ! pr9t+ press be=e ! ye> #agih1 :5 ! ,e>l ( ,/anhope caus$ "o to be made1 ! frame ( :i*1 in/ead ( be+ ( wood1 0 "o piece ( ca/-iron4 ,a necessity _h aris5 = great] p[] 9 giv+ ! impression1 especially 9 ! pr9t+ ( woodcuts1 & ! t5d5cy 0 naturally t[>d l>g] =ms ( type1 requir+ great] ex]tion on ! "p ( ! pr9t]2 ! labor 9 work+ "o ( ! old screw presses 0 ab\t equal to t ( ! pl[man 9 ! field4 ,! ,e>l ( ,/anhope res]v$ ! screw1 b caus$ to be add$ a comb9ation ( lev]s to assi/ ! pressman 9 ga9+ great] p[]1 :5 giv+ ! impression1 ) less exp5diture ( en]gy4 ,^! ma*9es 7 v heavy & extremely cumb]some4 ,!y 7 ! fir/ iron pr9t+ presses ev] con/ruct$1 & came into use to "s ext5t4 ,! pr9t]s1 seiz+ ^u ?is new idea ( a comb9ation ( lev]s to increase ! p[]1 7 induc$ to place !m ^u _! wood5 presses1 ! improvem5t result+ g5]ally 9 ! de/ruction ( ! latt]1 :i* 7 n adapt$ to /& ! /ra94 ,! iron plat5 employ$ by ! ,e>l ( ,/anhope _h1 h[ev]1 previ\sly be5 us$ ^u ! wood5 presses4 ,illu/ration3 ,,clym]',s ,,columbian ,,press ,! next practical improvem5t 0 made by ,george ,clym] ( ,philadelphia1 :o1 ab\t #ahaf1 devis$ an iron ma*9e1 entirely disp5s+ ) a screw4 ,a long1 heavy ca/-iron lev] 0 plac$ ov] ! plat51 "o end atta*$ to "o ( ! uprights ( ! ca/-iron frame1 & ! o!r susceptible ( be+ rais$ & l[]$ by a comb9ation ( small] lev]s1 work$ by ! pressman aft] ! mann] ( ! ord9>y h& press4 ,! impression 0 giv5 & ! plat5 rais$ & l[]$ by a sp9dle1 or p91 atta*$ to ! c5tre ( ! l>ge cross lev] at ! top1 ?is be+ prop]ly balanc$ to facilitate its be+ rais$ ) great] ease4 ,mr4 ,clym] c>ri$ 8 inv5tion to ,engl&1 :]e x 0 introduc$ to "s ext5t & 0 kn[n z ! 8,columbian0 press4 ,illu/ration3 ,,pet] ,,smi? ,,h& ,,press ,9 ,engl& !re 7 iron h& presses made by ,ru!v51 by ,br[n & by o!rs1 all1 m or less1 improvem5ts ^u ! ,/anhope4 ,9 #ahbb ,pet] ,smi?1 an ,am]ican1 connect$ ) ! firm ( ,r4 ,hoe ,co4 9 ,new ,york1 devis$ a ma*9e :i* 0 9 _m respects sup]ior to any up to t "t4 ,! frame 0 ( ca/-iron1 & 9 place ( ! screw ) lev]s1 he sub/itut$ a toggle jo9t1 at once simple & effective4 ,9 #ahbg1 h[ev]1 ,samuel ,ru/ ( ,new ,york1 p]fect$ an inv5tion :i* 0 a great improvem5t on ! ,smi? press4 ,! frame1 in/ead ( be+ all ( ca/-iron1 _h ! uprights at ! sides holl[$ = ! admission ( wr\ght-iron b>s1 :i* 7 securely rivet$ at ! top & bottom ( ! ca/+4 ,?is gave n only additional /r5g?1 b greatly dim9i%$ ! am\nt ( metal us$ 9 con/ruction4 ,?is pat5t 0 pur*as$ by ,r4 ,hoe ,co41 :o improv$ ^u x1 & proce$$ ) ! manufacture ( ! presses1 al?\gh ! 8,smi?0 cont9u$ to be us$ to "s ext5t4 ,! new inv5tion 0 kn[n z ! 8,wa%+ton0 press1 & 9 pr9ciple & con/ruction has nev] be5 surpass$ by any h& pr9t+ ma*9e4 ,!y 7 manufactur$ 9 great numb]s1 & cont9ue to be manufactur$ & sold at ! pres5t "t = tak+ f9e pro(s1 al?\gh ! univ]sal adoption ( ! cyl9d] press has almo/ entirely sup]s$$ !m = o!r pr9t+4 ,! numb] made & sold by ,hoe ,co4 alone1 a majority ( :i* are n[ 9 use1 is ov] six ?\s&4 ,!y h be5 s5t all ov] ! _w4 ,?is /yle ( press is made 9 sev5 sizes4 ,illu/ration3 ,,wa%+ton ,,h& ,,press ,! foll[+ is a description ( ?is press3 ,! b$ slides on a track & is run 9 & out f "u ! plat5 by turn+ a crank :i* has belts atta*$ to a pulley ^u its %aft4 ,! impression ( ! plat5 is giv5 by means ( a curv$ lev] act+ on a toggle jo9t1 & ! plat5 is lift$ by spr+s on ei!r side4 ,atta*$ to ! b$ is a 8tympan0 frame cov]$ ) clo?1 & /&+ incl9$1 to receive ! %eet to be pr9t$4 ,ano!r frame1 call$ ! 8frisket10 is atta*$ to ! tympan1 & cov]$ ) a %eet ( pap]1 hav+ ! p>ts :i* o!rwise w\ld be pr9t$ ^u cut away1 s z to prev5t ! 8*ase0 & 8furniture0 f black+ or soil+ ! %eet4 ,! frisket is turn$ d[n ov] ! %eet & tympan & all are fold$ d[n :5 ! impression is tak54 ,automatic ink+ roll]s 7 atta*$ to ?is ma*9e1 op]at$ by a weight rais$ by ! pull ( ! pressman1 ! desc5t ( ! weight draw+ ! roll]s ov] ! type & return+ !m to ! ink+ cyl9d] :ile ! pressman plac$ ano!r %eet ^u ! tympan4 ,/ill fur!r improvem5ts 9 ?is ink+ app>atus 7 made & pat5t$ by ,hoe ,co41 9 :i* ! di/ribution ( ! ink on ! roll]s 0 effect$ by means ( an app>atus driv5 by /eam p[] & :i* also caus$ ! ink+ roll]s to move =w>d ov] ! type at ! w ( ! pressman4 ,illu/ration3 ,,treadwell',s ,,wood5-,,frame ,,b$ ,,& ,,plat5 ,,p[] ,,press ,! b$ & plat5 sy/em ( pr9t+ 01 up to ! middle ( ! n9ete5? c5tury1 ! favorite me?od ( pr9t+ f9e books & cuts4 ,! fir/ 8p[]0 or /eam press ^u ?is pr9ciple 0 made by ,daniel ,treadwell1 ( ,bo/on1 9 #ahbb4 ,! frames 7 ( wood1 & x does n appe> t m ?an ?ree or f\r ( ^! 7 ev] con/ruct$4 ,! be/ ma*9es ( ?is description 7 ^? devis$ & pat5t$ by ,isaac ,adams1 ( ,bo/on1 9 #ahcj & #ahcf1 & by ,otis ,tufts1 ( ! same place1 9 #ahcd4 ,!y 7 fir/ made ) wood5 & aft]w>d ) iron frames4 ,9 #aheh ,adams's bus9ess became ! prop]ty ( ,hoe ,co41 :o cont9u$ to manufacture ! ma*9es ) add$ improvem5ts4 ,9 all m ?an a ?\s&1 9 no less ?an fifty-sev5 sizes1 7 sold = use 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 "s be+ s5t to o!r c\ntries4 ,9 ^! ma*9es1 ! type is plac$ ^u an iron b$1 aft] ! usual mann] ( ! h& press1 & ?is b$ is rais$ & l[]$ by /raight5+ & b5d+ a toggle jo9t by means ( a cam1 ?us giv+ ! impression ^u ! iron plat5 fix$ above x1 & firmly held 9 position by upright iron rods secur$ to ! bottom b>1 a /rong cross-piece1 at ! base ( ! ma*9e4 ,! ink f\nta9 is at "o end ( ! press2 ! ink+ roll]s travel twice ov] ! =m1 9 a movable frisket frame1 :ile ! b$ is d[n2 ! pap] is tak5 9 by gripp]s on ! frisket & c>ri$ ov] ! =m1 :5 ! b$ rises & ! impression is giv52 & f9ally ! %eets pass =w>d f ! frisket by tapes to a %eet fli]1 :i* deliv]s !m on ! fly bo>d4 ,"o ?\s& %eets p] h\r is ! maximum spe$ ( ! l>g] sizes ( ! ,adams press4 ,al?\gh _m ( ^! ma*9es 7 made & great numb]s are /ill us$1 & not)/&+ ! fact t x 0 ?\ght by _m exp]i5c$ pr9t]s t f9e book & cut "w c\ld be done 9 no o!r way ?an by flat pressure1 ?is sy/em ( pr9t+ has giv5 place to t ( ! cyl9d] press4 ,illu/ration3 ,,isaac ,,adams',s ,,b$ ,,& ,,plat5 ,,press ,! idea ( pr9t+ f plates or =ms c>ri$ ^u a flat b$ b5ea? a cyl9d] 0 n a new "o1 hav+ be5 employ$ by pr9t]s ( copp]-plate engrav+s 9 ! fifte5? c5tury4 ,_! ma*9es1 h[ev]1 7 rude 9 =m1 & made ( wood1 ! roll] revolv+ 9 /ation>y be>+s1 :ile ! b$1 ) ! plate ^u x & c>ry+ ! pap]1 cov]$ by a blanket1 on its surface1 mov$ backw>d & =w>d "u ! roll]4 ,! ink+ 0 done by h& ) balls4 ,) ! inauguration ( ?is sy/em ( pr9t+ f type or =ms plac$ ^u a flat b$ mov$ =w>ds & backw>ds "u a revolv+ cyl9d]1 comm5c$ an entirely new era 9 ! hi/ory ( ! pr9t+ press4 ,x %\ld be und]/ood1 h[ev]1 t ! va/ numb] ( pat5ts grant$ = pr9t+ ma*9es 9 :i* ! cyl9d] is connect$ ) ! b$1 or by ! op]ation ( two cyl9d]s toge!r1 "o hold+ ! =m & ! o!r giv+ ! impression1 are almo/ all = improvem5ts & devices ( detail1 ! radical pr9ciples ^u :i* ^! are f\nd$ rema9+ ! same4 ,?us1 ,sir ,r[l& ,hill1 9 ! e>ly "p ( ! n9ete5? c5tury1 project$ a ma*9e = pr9t+ f an endless roll1 or 8web0 ( pap]2 & 9 #agij an ,engli%man nam$ ,william ,ni*olson 7au?or1 inv5tor1 pat5t ag5t1 editor & s*ool tea*]7 took out a pat5t cov]+ ! idea ( cyl9d] presses 9 :i* ! =ms %\ld be plac$ ^u ei!r a flat b$ or cyl9d] at w & receive ! impression f a cyl9d] cov]$ ) clo? or "s simil> mat]ial4 ,betwe5 ! b$ & cyl9d]1 or betwe5 ! two cyl9d]s1 ! %eet 0 to be f$ 9 & pr9t$4 ,! ink 0 to be put on by a roll] built up ( clo? & cov]$ ) lea!r4 ,!re is1 h[ev]1 a great diff]5ce betwe5 an actual inv5tion & a s*eme4 ,if ! simple proposition advanc$ to make a ma*9e ^u ?is pr9ciple1 )\t its consummation1 or )\t any press be+ produc$1 c be consid]$ an inv5tion1 !n ,ni*olson may 7z a writ] on ! subject /ates7 h be5 8s f> ahead ( 8 "t z to leap ov] ?ree g5]ations0 by 8 inv5tion4 ,z a matt] ( fact1 h[ev]1 8 pat5ts 7 mo/ly s*emes1 & little m1 z a mom5t's reflection w conv9ce4 ,he did n "k h[ to curve ! plates to be put ^u ! cyl9d]s1 nor h[ to secure !m prop]ly = good "w--9 fact1 he did n "k h[ to make ! plates 9 any practicable mann]4 ,all ^! que/ions rema9$ to be solv$ 9 ord] t ! pr9t+ press might be an inv5tion4 ,on ?is acc\nt1 !re=e1 ,i d n give descriptions ( proposals to make ma*9es1 b ( presses t h be5 actually made1 & us$ suffici5tly to entitle !m to recognition z practical improvem5ts exemplify+ ! progressive evolution ( ! pr9t+ press4 ,! f\ndation & gr[? ( newspap]s fir/ publi%$ p]iodically1 & f9ally ea* day1 creat$ a dem& = ma*9es :i* %\ld pr9t ) rapidity1 & f9e "w 0 delegat$ = ! "t be+ to ! flat b$ & plat5 press1 mo/ ( x1 z has be5 se51 be+ turn$ out ^u ! h& press4 ,! cr$it ( actually introduc+ into use a flat b$ ,cyl9d] ,press is due to a ,saxon nam$ ,fri$]i* ,ko5ig1 :o visit$ ,engl& 9 #ahjf1 & ?r\gh ! assi/ance ( ,?omas ,b5sley1 a pr9t] 9 ,london1 devis$ a ma*9e :i* 9 #ahab-ahac 0 work$ by him1 & pr9t$1 among o!r publications1 a "p ( 8,cl>kson's ,life ( ,william ,p5n40 ,ko5ig 0 assi/$ by a me*anic nam$ ,&rew ,bau]1 a fell[-c\ntryman4 ,! =m ( type 0 plac$ on a flat b$1 ! cyl9d] above x hav+ a ?ree-fold motion1 or /opp+ ?ree times2 ! fir/ ?ird ( ! turn receiv+ ! %eet ^u "o ( ! tympans & secur+ x by ! frisket2 ! second giv+ ! impression & all[+ ! %eet to be remov$ by h&1 & ! ?ird return+ ! tympan empty to receive ano!r %eet4 ,^! m5 also devis$ :at has prov$1 ev5 to ?is day1 to be a mo/ effici5t reciprocat+ motion ( ! type b$4 ,x consi/s ( a p9ion c>ri$ on ! inn] end ( a long %aft :i* is turn$ by ge>+ f ! outside ( ! press frame & has 9 its l5g? a univ]sal jo9t1 all[+ an up-&-d[n motion ( ! p9ion z x revolves4 ,to ! out] end ( ! %aft ! :eel connect+ ) ! impression cyl9d] is atta*$4 ,und]nea? ! b$ & fa/5$ to x is a 8rack10 or a r[ ( tee?1 ) a cresc5t-%ap$ segm5t ( h>d metal at ea* end4 ,9 ?is rack1 9 addition to ! tee?1 are p9s1 or /uds1 at ea* end4 ,! :eel be=e ref]r$ to1 at ! out] end ( ! %aft1 be+ set 9 motion revolves ! p9ion & moves ! b$ by means ( ! tee? 9 ?is rack4 ,at ! prop] mom5t1 call+ = ! rev]sal ( ! b$1 ! p9ion turns ar\nd ov] "o ( ! p9s or /uds1 aga9/ ! segm5t on ! rack1 & imm$iately re-engages its tee? 9 ! opposite side ( ! rack1 s c>ry+ ! b$ back aga94 ,?is motion is repeat$ at ! opposite end ( ! rack1 & ! b$ aga9 /opp$ & return$ by ! p9ion revolv+ aga9/ ! segm5t & aga9 ov] ! rack1 ?us giv+ a reciprocat+ motion to ! b$4 ,9 #ahad ,ko5ig pat5t$ a cont9u\sly revolv+ ,cyl9d] ,press4 ,! "p ( ! p]iph]y ( ! cyl9d] n us$ = giv+ ! impression is slightly r$uc$ 9 diamet]1 s z to all[ ! =m to return "u x freely aft] giv+ an impression4 ,he %[$ designs adapt+ x = use z a s+le ,cyl9d] ,press1 & also a two ,cyl9d] ,press1 bo? = pr9t+ "o side ( ! pap] at a "t2 likewise a two ,cyl9d] ,press = pr9t+ bo? sides ( ! pap] at "o op]ation4 ,9 ?is lat] press1 ! two =ms 7 plac$ "o at ea* end ( a long b$1 & ! pap] aft] be+ pr9t$ on "o side by "o cyl9d]1 0 c>ri$ by tapes ov] a regi/]+ roll] to ! o!r cyl9d]1 :]e x 0 pr9t$ ^u ! rev]se side4 ,?is press1 t]m$ a 8p]fect+ press10 0 aft]w>ds improv$ by ,applega? ,c[p] s z to be a v effici5t ma*9e4 ,ko5ig erect$ 9 ! (fice ( ! ,london 8,times0 9 #ahad two ( ! two ,cyl9d] ,presses m5tion$ above1 :i* pr9t$ on "o side ( ! pap] only1 at ! rate ( #hjj %eets p] h\r4 ,ko5ig1 h[ev]1 0 n alone 9 8 ef=ts to p]fect a ,cyl9d] ,press4 ,v>i\s pat5ts 7 gott5 out by ,bacon ,donk9 9 #ahac2 by ,c[p] 9 #ahaf & aga9 9 #ahah2 & by ,applega? 9 #ahah4 ,b ! mo/ +5i\s & practical device 9 connection ) ! movem5ts ( a flat b$ & a cyl9d] = pr9t+ ma*9es 0 pat5t$ by ,napi] 9 #ahbh & #ahcj4 ,he 0 ! fir/ :o introduc$ 8gripp]s10 or 8f+]s10 = ! conveyance ( ! %eets ar\nd ! cyl9d] dur+ ! impression1 & = deliv]+ !m aft] pr9t+4 ,tapes or /r+s _h previ\sly be5 employ$ = ?is purpose4 ,he 0 also ! fir/ to manufacture presses 9 :i* ! impression cyl9d]s are ( small size & make two or m revolutions to ea* %eet pr9t$1 & he devis$ ! toggles = br++ ! cyl9d]s d[n to pr9t on ! =m & = rais+ !m to let ! =m run back )\t t\*+4 ,illu/ration3 ,,s+le ,,small ,,cyl9d] ,,press ,illu/ration3 ,,d\ble ,,cyl9d] ,,press ,! news ( ^! lat] inv5tions rea*$ ,new ,york 9 due "t1 & 9 #ahcb ,rob]t ,hoe1 :o _h be5 "s "t e/abli%$ 9 ! manufacture ( pr9t+ presses1 s5t a "y man1 ,s]5o ,newton 7:om he aft]w>ds took 9 p>tn]%ip ) him71 to ,engl& to inve/igate ! subject & see :at improvem5ts 7 wor?y ( adoption4 ,! result 0 ! con/ruction ( ! ma*9es kn[n z ! 8,s+le ,small ,cyl9d]0 & 8,d\ble ,small ,cyl9d]10 also ! l>ge ,cyl9d] 8,p]fect+0 ,press1 :i* h cont9u$1 ) _m alt]ations & improvem5ts1 to be manufactur$ up to ! pres5t "t4 ,illu/ration3 ,,s+le ,,l>ge ,,cyl9d] ,,press ,hoe ,co4 _h previ\sly made ! fir/ flat b$ & cyl9d] press ev] us$ 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,x 0 ! patt]n kn[n z ! 8,s+le ,l>ge ,cyl9d]10 ! :ole circumf]5ce ( ! cyl9d] be+ equival5t to ! entire travel ( ! b$ =w>ds & backw>ds1 ! cyl9d] mak+ "o revolution = ea* impression 9 pr9t+1 )\t /opp+4 ,only a portion ( ! cyl9d] 0 employ$ to take ! impression1 ! rema9d] ( its circumf]5ce be+ turn$ d[n small en\gh to all[ ! type on ! b$ to pass back "u x )\t t\*+4 ,hundr$s ( ^! ma*9es 7 made & are n[ 9 use1 & !y are /ill made at ! pres5t day1 ) pat5t$ %eet fli]s & o!r devices & improvem5ts 9 ! me?ods ( manufacture4 ,o!r simil> presses 7 made lat] by ! press-mak]s ,a4 ,b4 ,taylor1 ,a4 ,campbell1 ,c4 ,b4 ,cottrell1 & ,c4 ,pott]1 ,jr4 ,! pat5t$ %eet fli] be=e ref]r$ to1 & :i* 0 us$ on ! 8,adams0 b$ & plat5 press1 0 greatly improv$ by ,hoe ,co4 & plac$ ^u all _! cyl9d] presses4 ,be=e proce$+ fur!r ) an acc\nt ( ! fa/] newspap] presses1 x may be well to complete ! hi/ory ( ma*9es employ$ up to ?is "t = book1 job & woodcut pr9t+4 ,= ?is purpose ! 8,s+le ,l>ge ,cyl9d]10 already describ$1 0 fir/ us$4 ,9 ,engl& !re 7 ! 8,napi]0 presses1 ! 8,:>fdale0 & _m o!rs1 all involv+ ! same g5]al pr9ciple1 & capable ( turn+ out m or less satisfactory "w1 9 proportion to ! p]fection ( _! con/ruction & ! skill ( ^? op]at+ !m4 ,mo/ ( ! ,engli% ma*9es1 h[ev]1 %[ defects 9 me*anical con/ruction4 ,9 fact1 ! supremacy ( ! ,am]ican pr9t+ press is ma9ta9$ 9 a l>ge measure by ! simplicity1 accuracy & p]fection ( its me*anism4 ,=eign presses1 made by ! *eap labor ( ,europe1 h be5 repeat$ly br\ght to ?is c\ntry & introduc$ into pr9t+ (fices4 ,!y h nev]1 h[ev]1 la/$ long1 mo/ ( !m hav+ p]i%$ 9 ! us+ or be5 f\nd unpr(itable4 ,!re h be5 v>i\s modifications ( ! pr9ciple und]ly+ ! ,napi] movem5t = flat-b$ presses1 i4 e41 hav+ ! driv+ :eel engage ! rack at all times1 rev]s+ ! movem5t by turn+ ab\t ! ends ( ! rack & driv+ ! b$ alt]nately 9 opposite directions4 ,z e>ly z #ahdg ,hoe ,co4 pat5t$ an entirely new b$ driv+ me*anism4 ,to a hang] fix$ on ! l[] side ( ! b$ 7 atta*$ two racks fac+ ea* o!r1 b n 9 ! same v]tical plane1 & sep>at$ by a di/ance equal to ! diamet] ( ! driv+ :eel1 :i* 0 on a horizontal %aft & movable sideways s z to engage 9 ei!r "o or o!r ( ! racks4 ,by ?is means1 a uni=m movem5t 0 obta9$ 9 ea* direction4 ,! rev]sal ( ! b$ 0 accompli%$ by a roll] at ei!r end ( ! b$ ent]+ a recess 9 a disc on ! driv+ %aft1 :i* 9 a half revolution br\ght ! b$ to a /op & />t$ x 9 ! opposite direction4 ,?is involv$ a new pr9ciple2 a crank action op]at+ directly ^u ! b$ f a %aft hav+ a fix$ c5tre1 & )9 rec5t ye>s modifications ( ?is pat5t h be5 successfully employ$ to drive ! type b$ at a high velocity & rev]se x )\t %ock or vibration4 ,! 8,miehle0 ,press is a modifi$ =m ( ?is movem5t2 ! crank p9 or roll] is atta*$ to ! side ( ! b$ :eel1 & at ! ends ( ! uni=m movem5t x is enclos$ )9 ! walls ( a v]tical guideway =m$ at ea* end ( ! rack support+ frame1 & passes ?r\gh ! l5g? ( ?is guide z x p]=ms its function ( rev]s+ ! b$4 ,an improvem5t 9 ?is class ( b$ motions has lately be5 made & pat5t$ by ,hoe ,co4 ,9 ?is ma*9e ! crank p91 :i* controls ! rev]sal ( ! motion ( ! type b$1 moves 9 a rectil9e> in/ead ( a circul> pa?way4 ,z ! motion ( ! crank is ?us directly 9 l9e ) ! travel ( ! b$1 x is possible to lock ! j\rnal box1 enclos+ ! p91 securely to ! b$1 :ile ! b$ is be+ controll$ by ! action ( ! crank1 & !reby avoids ! friction & consequ5t we> ( p>ts t occur :5 ! crank p9 moves 9 a circul> l9e4 ,! movem5t ( ! crank is obta9$ f ! rotatory motion ( ! b$ :eel1 & has ! same v>y+ velocities z w\ld be d]iv$ f a crank travel+ 9 a circul> pa?way4 ,x1 !re=e1 *ecks ! mom5tum ( ! b$ ) ease1 br+s ! b$ to re/1 & returns x ) an accel]at+ motion :ile "u positive control4 ,! we>+ ( p>ts is ?us r$uc$ to ! m9imum1 insur+ an accuracy ( regi/] & exactness ( motion hi!rto unatta9able4 ,a press ) a b$ measur+ #dh #fe in*es runs )\t j> or vibration at a spe$ ( #a1hjj impressions an h\r4 ,! press ( ! pres5t day f :i* ! f9e/ lett]press & woodcut "w is turn$ (f is kn[n z ! 8,/op ,cyl9d]40 ,?is 0 devis$ & pat5t$ by a ,fr5*man nam$ ,dut>tre1 9 #aheb1 & introduc$ into ?is c\ntry ab\t #ahec by ,hoe ,co41 :o h s9ce pat5t$ _m improvem5ts ^u x4 ,x 0 a surprise to _m pr9t]s to f9d t ?is ma*9e c\ld d "w :i* h]et(ore x _h be5 suppos$ ! h& press only 0 capable ( p]=m+4 ,illu/ration3 ,,/op ,,cyl9d] ,,li?ographic ,,press ,! ,/op ,cyl9d] ,press may be describ$ z foll[s3 ,! type is secur$ ^u a travel+ iron b$1 :i* moves back & =? ^u friction roll]s ( /eel1 ! b$ be+ driv5 by a simple crank motion1 /opp+ & />t+ x )\t noise or j>4 ,all ! runn+ portions ( ?is b$ are made ( f9e /eel z h>d z x c be work$4 ,! cyl9d] is /opp$ by a cam motion p5d+ ! backw>d travel ( ! b$1 & dur+ ! int]val ( re/ ! %eet is f$ d[n aga9/ ! guides & ! gripp]s clos$ ^u x be=e ! cyl9d] />ts1 ?us insur+ ! utmo/ accuracy ( regi/]4 ,aft] ! impression1 ! %eet is transf]r$ to a skeleton cyl9d]1 also conta9+ gripp]s1 :i* receives1 & deliv]s x1 ov] f9e cords1 ^u ! %eet fli]1 :i* 9 turn deposits x ^u ! table4 ,! di/ribution ( ! ink is effect$ p>tly by a vibrat+1 poli%$1 /eel cyl9d]1 & p>tly ^u a flat table at ! end ( ! travel+ b$1 ! numb] ( =m-ink+ roll]s v>y+ f f\r to six4 ,?is is )\t d\bt ! mo/ p]fect flat b$ cyl9d] pr9t+ ma*9e t has ev] be5 devis$4 ,x is made 9 v>i\s sizes4 ,! av]age output ( "o ( ^! presses ) a b$ #cf #ed in*es is f #a1jjj to #a1ejj impressions p] h\r4 ,! dem& be+ con/antly = ma*9es tak+ on l>g] siz$ =ms1 !re has be5 lately con/ruct$ & pat5t$ by ,r4 ,hoe ,co4 an entirely new ,/op ,cyl9d] ,press1 hav+ a b$ #de #fb in*es1 & :i* c be run at a spe$ ( #a1gjj impressions an h\r4 ,! ma9 po9ts ( diff]5ce betwe5 ! ,/op ,cyl9d] ,press = type =ms & ! ,li?ographic ,press is 9 ! =m ( ! b$ only1 ! o!r portions1 includ+ ! driv+ app>atus1 be+ almo/ id5tical2 !re=e ! same g5]al description applies to ^! new ma*9es = bo? classes ( "w4 ,a great objection to flat-b$ presses ( l>ge size has always be5 ! height ( ! cyl9d] f ! floor1 necessitat$ by ! increas$ dim5sions ( ! driv+ app>atus "u ! b$4 ,9 ^! new presses ! b$ is reciprocat$ z usual by a crank motion1 b made exceptionally /rong & comp\nd$4 ,?is me?od ( con/ruction n only gives ! increas$ spe$ b makes ! b$ ( ! ma*9e l[ d[n1 s t x is bett] "u ! h& & eye ( ! op]ator4 ,! product ( ! ma*9e is deliv]$ pr9t$ side up1 by a pat5t$ take-(f app>atus1 :i* takes ! %eets f ! impression cyl9d] by gripp]s 9 a reciprocat+ c>riage & deposits !m ^u a table4 ,no tapes or guides come 9 contact ) ! fre%ly pr9t$ ink4 ,illu/ration3 ,,rot>y ,,z9cographic ,,or ,,alum9um ,,press ,keep+ pace ) ! improv$ me?ods & ma*9es employ$ 9 typographic pr9t+1 & influ5c$ !reby1 ! li?ographic & k9dr$ bran*es ( pr9t+ h also made progress1 induc$ ma9ly1 h[ev]1 by ! g5]al /riv+ = m rapid & economical production4 ,?is has be5 accompli%$ by us+ l>g] /ones1 pap] & ma*9es1 & by employ+ rot>y ma*9es = "s "w4 ,! use ( curv$ /ones = li?ography be+ impracticable = _m reasons1 a sub/itute 0 f\nd 9 plates or %eets made ( z9c or alum9um1 :i*1 :5 prop]ly prep>$1 possess prop]ties ak9 to ^? 9 li?ographic /ones4 ,be+ flexible1 ^! %eets are easily /ret*$ ov] ! curv$ surface ( a cyl9d]4 ,al?\gh ! developm5t ( ?is bran* ( pr9t+ is due1 *iefly1 to ! ,fr5* & ,g]mans1 mu* has be5 done 9 ?is c\ntry t[>d its improvem5t1 & "w is produc$ ^u ,rot>y ,z9cographic or ,alum9um ,presses t comp>es favorably ) t produc$ f /ones1 & at d\ble ! spe$4 ,! small] ( ^! presses1 pr9t+ only "o color at a "t1 pr9ts on %eets #cj #dd in*es1 at a spe$ up to #b1jjj impressions p] h\r2 ! l>g] presses ( ! same k9d pr9t on %eets #dd #fd in*es1 at a spe$ up to #a1gjj impressions p] h\r1 al?\gh ! ma*9es may be run ev5 fa/]1 accord+ to ! dext]ity ( ! fe$]4 ,illu/ration3 ,,two-,,color ,,rot>y ,,z9cographic ,,or ,,alum9um ,,press ,two-,color ,rot>y ,presses are 9 successful op]ation 9 diff]5t p>ts ( ?is c\ntry4 ,9 ^! ma*9es !re are two plate cyl9d]s & "o impression cyl9d]1 ea* ( ! plate cyl9d]s hav+ its own ink+ & damp5+ appliances4 ,! %eet ( pap]1 aft] be+ f$ to ! gripp]s ( ! impression cyl9d]1 receives "o pr9t+ f ! fir/ plate cyl9d]1 & a second pr9t+1 9 a diff]5t color1 f ! second plate cyl9d]1 & is !n releas$ f ! gripp]s & deliv]$ 9 ! usual mann] by ! %eet fli]4 ,! size ( ! %eets pr9t$ is #dd #fd in*es1 & runn+ at a spe$ ( #a1gjj revolutions p] h\r1 ! numb] ( pr9t+s is #c1djj1 or d\ble t obta9$ f ! "o-color ma*9e ( ! same size4 ,we n[ return to a fur!r consid]ation ( ! newspap] press4 ,! 8,s+le ,small ,cyl9d]0 & 8,d\ble ,small ,cyl9d]0 ma*9es h]et(ore describ$ z prim>ily ! inv5tion ( ,napi]1 & p]fect$ by ,hoe ,co4 & made by !m1 came into g5]al use 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,9 con/ruction & = ! quantity & quality ( "w produc$ !y excell$ any made 9 ,engl&2 ! output ( "o ( ! 8,s+le ,cyl9d]0 presses rea*+ #b1jjj impressions p] h\r1 or ab\t z fa/ z ! fe$] c\ld lay d[n ! %eets4 ,:5 /ill great] spe$ 0 requir$ ! 8,d\ble ,cyl9d]0 press 0 us$1 ! travel ( ! b$ be+ ( su* l5g? t ! =m ( type pass$ backw>d & =w>d "u bo? cyl9d]s4 ,two fe$]s accord+ly put 9 ! %eets2 ! maximum spe$ obta9$ be+ ab\t #b1jjj f ea* cyl9d]1 or #d1jjj f ! two cyl9d]s p] h\r1 pr9t$ on "o side4 ,x 0 evid5t1 bo? 9 ,engl& & ,am]ica1 t some?+ fa/] mu/ be devis$4 ,! gr[+ dem& = pap]s conta9+ ! late/ news necessitat$ increas+ ef=t on ! "p ( ! ma*9e-mak]s4 ,! presses ( ,dryd5 ,=d1 ,middleton1 & o!rs 9 ,engl& fail$ to meet ! requirem5ts !re1 z did ! 8,s+le0 & 8,d\ble0 ,cyl9d]s 9 ,am]ica4 ,illu/ration3 ,,f\r ,,cyl9d] ,,rot>y ,,type-,,revolv+ ,,press ,illu/ration3 ,,t5 ,,cyl9d] ,,rot>y ,,type-,,revolv+ ,,press ,9 #ahde & #ahdf ! firm ( ,r4 ,hoe ,co4 9 ,new ,york 7 busily engag$ ^u plans & inv5tions = presses :i* %\ld meet ! increas$ requirem5ts ( ! newspap]s 9 ,am]ica4 ,! result 0 ! con/ruction ( a press kn[n z ! 8,hoe ,type ,revolv+ ,ma*9e10 embody+ pat5ts tak5 out by ,ri*>d ,m4 ,hoe4 ,! fir/ "o ( ^! ma*9es 0 plac$ 9 ! 8,l$g]0 (fice 9 ,philadelphia1 9 #ahdf4 ,! basis ( ^! inv5tions consi/$ 9 an app>atus = securely fa/5+ ! =ms ( type on a c5tral cyl9d] plac$ 9 a horizontal position4 ,?is 0 accompli%$ by ! con/ruction ( ca/-iron b$s1 "o = ea* page ( ! newspap]4 ,! column rules 7 made 8,v0 %ap$2 i4 e41 tap]+ t[>d ! feet ( ! type4 ,x 0 f\nd t1 ) prop] arrangem5t = lock+ up or secur+ ! type ^u ^! b$s1 x c\ld be held firmly 9 position1 ! surface =m a true circle1 & ! cyl9d] revolv$ at any spe$ requir$ )\t dang] ( ! type fall+ out4 ,ar\nd ?is c5tral cyl9d] f f\r to t5 impression cyl9d]s1 accord+ to ! output requir$1 7 gr\p$4 ,! %eets 7 f$ 9 by boys1 & tak5 f ! fe$ bo>d by automatic gripp]s1 or f+]s1 op]at$ by cams 9 ! impression cyl9d]s1 & :i* convey$ !m ar\nd aga9/ ! revolv+ =m ( ! c5tral cyl9d]4 ,"h aga9 a great advantage 0 ga9$ by ! use ( ! pat5t$ %eet fli]1 consi/+ ( a r[ ( long wood5 f+]s fa/5$ to ! %aft1 & op]at$ by a cam & spr+s2 ! %eet aft] pr9t+ be+ conduct$ out und]nea? ea* fe$ bo>d by means ( tapes to ! %eet fli]s1 :i* laid !m 9 piles on tables2 ! numb] ( fli]s & tables correspond+ to ! numb] ( impression cyl9d]s4 ,! ink+ 0 accompli%$ by ! use ( composition roll]s plac$ betwe5 ea* ( ! impression cyl9d]s2 ! f\nta9 be+ bel[1 und]nea? ! ma9 type cyl9d]4 ,! portion ( ! surface ( ?is type cyl9d]1 n occupi$ by ! type itself1 0 utiliz$ z a di/ribut+ table1 its surface be+ l[] ?an t ( ! type1 & ! ink+ roll]s ris+ & fall+ alt]nately to place ! ink on ! type & receive a new supply f ! di/ribut+ surface4 ,! fir/ ( ^! presses _h only f\r impression cyl9d]s1 necessitat+ f\r boys to fe$ ! %eets4 ,! runn+ spe$ obta9$ 0 ab\t #b1jjj %eets to ea* fe$] p] h\r1 ?us giv+1 ) :at 0 call$ a 8,f\r ,fe$]0 or 8,f\r ,cyl9d]0 ma*9e1 a runn+ capacity ( ab\t #h1jjj pap]s1 p] h\r1 pr9t$ ^u "o side4 ,z ! dem&s ( ! newspap]s increas$1 m impression cyl9d]s 7 add$1 until ^! ma*9es 7 made ) z _m z t5 gr\p$ ar\nd ! c5tral cyl9d]1 giv+ an aggregate spe$ ( ab\t #bj1jjj pap]s p] h\r pr9t$ ^u "o side4 ,a revolution 9 newspap] pr9t+ took place4 ,j\rnals :i* be=e _h be5 limit$ 9 _! circulation by _! inability to furni% ! pap]s rapidly increas$ _! issues1 & _m new ones 7 />t$4 ,! new presses 7 adopt$ n only ?r\gh\t ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 b also 9 ,great ,brita94 ,! fir/ "o put up abroad 0 erect$ 9 #ahdh1 9 ! (fice ( 8,la ,patrie0 9 ,p>is1 b ! d[nfall ( ! ,republic & ! re-imposition ( a /amp duty1 soon put an end to all ent]prise 9 ,fr5* newspap] publi%+4 ,! ,engli%1 always sl[ to adopt improvem5ts1 did n appreciate ! value ( ^! presses until ! ye> #ahef1 :5 ,edw>d ,lloyd ( 8,lloyd's ,weekly ,newspap]0 9 ,london1 hav+ se5 ! "o 9 ! (fice ( 8,la ,patrie10 ord]$ a 8,six-,cyl9d]0 ma*9e4 ,?is 0 erect$ 9 8 (fice 9 ,salisbury ,squ>e1 ,fleet ,/reet1 ,london1 9 ! foll[+ ye>4 ,x 0 no soon] 9 op]ation & se5 by ! o!r newspap] proprietors ?an ord]s 7 receiv$ f ! ,london 8,times0 = two 8,t5-,cyl9d]0 presses1 to replace ! ,applega? ma*9e !y 7 !n us+4 ,! ord] = ^! ma*9es 0 a gratify+ tribute to ,am]ican +5uity1 = ! 8,times0 9 ,decemb]1 #ahdh1 9 an article on ! />t+ ( ! ,applega? v]tical cyl9d] press1 /at$ t 8,no art ( pack+ c\ld make ! type adh]e to a cyl9d] revolv+ ar\nd a horizontal axis & !reby aggravat+ c5trifugal impulse by ! intr9sic weight ( ! metal40 ,ev5tually ord]s f almo/ all ( ! lead+ newspap]s 9 ,great ,brita9 & ,irel& 7 receiv$4 ,9 ! meantime v>i\s exp]im5ts _h demon/rat$ ! possibility ( ca/+ /]eotype plates on a curve4 ,! process 0 br\ght to p]fection by ! use ( flexible pap] matrices1 ^u :i* ! metal 0 ca/ 9 curv$ m\lds to any circle desir$1 & ^! plates 7 plac$ ^u ! ,hoe 8,type ,revolv+ ,ma*9e0 ^u b$s adapt$ to receive !m in/ead ( ! type =ms4 ,! newspap] publi%]s 7 ?us enabl$ to duplicate ! =ms1 & run sev]al ma*9es at ! same "t ) a view ( turn+ out ! pap]s ) great] rapidity4 ,9 "s l>ge (fices1 su* z ! ,new ,york 8,h]ald10 ,london 8,daily ,telegraph10 & ! ,london 8,/&>d10 z _m z five ( ^! ma*9es 7 9 con/ant op]ation4 ,ab\t ?is "t ! /amp duty 9 ,engl& ( "o p5ny ^u ea* %eet ( pr9t$ matt] 0 repeal$4 ,?is 9 itself aid$ mat]ially 9 ! developm5t ( ! newspap] press4 ,illu/ration3 ,,applega?',s ,,type-,,revolv+ ,,press ,aft] ! return ( ,ko5ig to ,g]many1 an ,engli%man nam$ ,applega?1 9 connection ) a ma*9i/ nam$ ,c[p]1 made v>i\s improvem5ts1 mo/ly 9 ! way ( simplify+ ,ko5ig's presses4 ,aft] _m exp]im5ts1 !y 9 #ahdh con/ruct$ = ! ,london 8,times0 an elaborate ma*9e1 entirely ^u ! cyl9drical pr9ciple4 ,all ( ! cyl9d]s ( ?is ma*9e in/ead ( be+ horizontal1 z 9 presses h]et(ore us$1 7 v]tical4 ,! type 0 plac$ ^u a l>ge upright c5tral cyl9d]1 b ! circumf]5ce in/ead ( pres5t+ a complete circle repres5t$ z _m flat surfaces z !re 7 columns 9 ! newspap]1 ! =ms ?us be+ polygonal4 ,ar\nd ?is c5tral or =m cyl9d] 7 plac$ eight small] v]tical cyl9d]s = tak+ ! impression1 ink+ roll]s be+ introduc$ to ink ! type z x pass$ alt]nately f "o ( ^! impression cyl9d]s to ano!r4 ,! %eets 7 f$ d[n by h& f eight flat horizontal fe$-bo>ds ?r\gh tapes2 !n grasp$ by ano!r set ( tapes & pass$ sideways betwe5 ! impression cyl9d] & ! type cyl9d]1 ?us obta9+ %eets pr9t$ ^u "o side4 ,! impression cyl9d] deliv]$ !m1 /ill 9 a v]tical position1 into ! h&s ( boys1 "o /ation$ at ea* cyl9d] to receive !m4 ,! results obta9$ f ?is ma*9e 7 9 a measure satisfactory1 z ! numb] ( pap]s pr9t$ p] h\r ^u "o side1 f "o =m ( type1 0 mat]ially increas$2 n1 h[ev]1 9 proportion to ! numb] ( impression cyl9d]s plac$ ar\nd x1 z ! press at its be/ c\ld produce b #h1jjj impressions p] h\r1 on "o side ( ! %eets4 ,hav+ devis$ no means to lock up ! type o!r ?an 9 flat columns1 ! polygonal =m 0 a necessity1 & ! irregul>ities 9 x 7 made up by und]lay+ ! blankets on ! impression cyl9d]s to take up ^! inequalities4 ,al?\gh ?is press1 us$ 9 ! ,london 8,times0 (fice1 0 ! only "o ( ! k9d ev] made1 its size & importance w>rant "s record & description ( x4 ,?is ma*9e 0 tak5 out to make way = ,hoe ,type ,revolv+ ,presses4 ,9 #ahce ,sir ,r[l& ,hill _h sugge/$ ! possibilities ( a ma*9e :i* %\ld pr9t bo? sides at once f a roll ( pap]4 ,x is well kn[n t = _m ye>s cotton clo?s _h be5 pr9t$ 9 ?is way1 ! cyl9d]s be+ engrav$ & ! clo? aft] pr9t+ be+ reel$ up aga94 ,! sugge/ion1 h[ev]1 0 accompani$ by no practical k z to ! details1 &1 above all1 no practical provision = ! rapid cutt+ (f & deliv]y ( ! pap] ei!r be=e or aft] x _h be5 pr9t$4 ,x rema9$ = an ,am]ican1 ,william ,bullock1 ( ,philadelphia1 to con/ruct1 9 #ahfe1 ! fir/ pr9t+ ma*9e to pr9t f a cont9u\s web or roll ( pap]4 ,8 ma*9e consi/$ ( two pairs ( cyl9d]s1 i4 e41 two =m or plate cyl9d]s & two impression cyl9d]s4 ,! second impression cyl9d] 0 made ( l>ge size to provide additional tympan surface1 to less5 ! (fset f ! fir/ pr9t$ side ( ! pap]4 ,! /]eotype plates 7 n made to fill ! :ole circumf]5ce ( ea* ( ! =m cyl9d]s1 z ! %eets 7 cut be=e pr9t+4 ,"o difficulty he _h to cont5d ) 0 ! cutt+ (f ( ! %eets ) suffici5t accuracy & rapidity4 ,?is he accompli%$ by sev]+ !m by means ( knives 9 cyl9d]s4 ,! %eets 7 !n c>ri$ ?r\gh ! press by tapes & f+]s1 & deliv]y s\ght to be accompli%$ by means ( a s]ies ( automatic metal nipp]s plac$ ^u endless lea!r belts at su* di/ance ap>t z to grasp ea* %eet successively z x came f ! la/ pr9t+ cyl9d]s4 ,?is ma*9e 0 put up 9 sev]al (fices & reject$ because ( its unreliability1 especially 9 ! deliv]y ( ! pap]s1 b x 0 f9ally s f> p]fect$ t x came into use to a consid]able ext5t4 ,illu/ration3 ,,bullock ,,press ,mean:ile ! proprietors ( ! ,london 8,times0 inaugurat$ exp]im5ts ) ! view ( mak+ a rot>y p]fect+ press1 & f9ally />t$ ! fir/ "o 9 t (fice ab\t #ahfh4 ,x 0 simil> 9 con/ruction to ! 8,bullock0 press s f> z ! pr9t+ app>atus 0 conc]n$1 except+ t ! cyl9d]s 7 all ( "o size & plac$ "o above ! o!r4 ,! %eets 7 sev]$ aft] pr9t+1 br\ght up by tapes1 & c>ri$ d[n to a %eet fli] :i* mov$ back & =?1 & 8flirt$0 ! %eets alt]nately into ! h&s ( two boys seat$ opposite "o ano!r on ei!r side ( ! %eet fli]4 ,illu/ration3 ,,london ,,times ,,rot>y ,,ma*9e ,m>9oni1 ( ,p>is1 also devis$ a ma*9e on a simil> pr9ciple1 mak+ ! impression & ! =m cyl9d] ( "o size1 & plac$ !m "o above ! o!r4 ,! 8,m>9oni0 ma*9e _h sep>ate fly bo>ds = ! deliv]y ( ! %eets4 ,9 #ahga ,r4 ,hoe ,co4 also turn$ _! att5tion to ! con/ruction ( a rot>y p]fect+ press to pr9t f a roll or cont9u\s web ( pap]4 ,z be=e /at$1 ! greate/ difficulties to be enc\nt]$ 73-- ,fir/4 ,! set-(f ( ! fir/ side4 ,devices 7 us$ to ov]come ?is & ! ink-mak]s 7 induc$ to pay special att5tion to ! manufacture ( rapid-dry+ or non-sett+-(f inks4 ,second4 ,! difficulties 9 obta9+ pap] 9 ! roll ( uni=m p]fection & /r5g?4 ,! pap]-mak]s 7 l$ to make a /udy ( produc+ l>ge rolls ( pap] meet+ ^! requirem5ts1 & became mu* m exp]i5c$ 9 its manufacture4 ,! 8,walt]0 press 9 ! 8,times0 (fice _h necessitat$ a v /rong & exp5sive pap]1 :i* c\ld n be af=d$ by ! *eap daily press4 ,?ird4 ,! difficulty ( ! rapid sev]+ ( ! %eets aft] pr9t+4 ,f\r?4 ,a reliable & accurate deliv]y ( ! pr9t$ pap]s4 ,^! la/ two op]ations 7 n accompli%$ satisfactorily until ! appe>ance ( ! ,hoe ma*9e4 ,9 ?is press ! %eets 7 n entirely sev]$ by ! cutt]s1 b simply p]=at$ aft] ! pr9t+4 ,!y 7 !n drawn by accel]at+ tapes1 :i* completely sep>at$ !m1 onto a ga!r+ cyl9d] s con/ruct$ t six p]fect pap]s1 or any o!r desir$ numb]1 c\ld be ga!r$ "o ov] ! o!r4 ,^!1 by means ( a swit*1 7 at ! prop] mom5t turn$ (f onto "o %eet fli]1 :i* deposit$ !m on ! receiv+ bo>d4 ,?is ga!r+ & deliv]y cyl9d]1 pat5t$ by ,/eph5 ,d4 ,tuck]1 a memb] ( ! firm ( ,r4 ,hoe ,co41 solv$ ! problem ( rapid flat deliv]y4 ,! fir/ ( ^! ma*9es 0 plac$ 9 ! (fice ( 8,lloyd's ,weekly ,newspap]10 9 ,london1 & ! fir/ "o us$ 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates 9 ! 8,tribune0 (fice 9 ,new ,york4 ,!re 0 no limit to _! capacity = pr9t+ except+ ! ability ( ! pap] to /& ! /ra9 ( pass+ ?r\gh ! press1 :i* produc$1 :5 put to its spe$1 #ah1jjj p]fect pap]s an h\r1 deliv]$ accurately on "o fe$-bo>d4 ,! av]age spe$1 h[ev]1 9 pr9t+ (fices 0 #ab1jjj1 al?\gh 9 "s (fices !y 7 run at ab\t #ad1jjj p] h\r4 ,! 8,walt]0 press1 made by ! ,london 8,times10 0 us$ by x1 & also by ! ,london 8,daily ,news0 & by ! ,new ,york 8,times40 ,fur!r ?an t x made no progress & has n[ gone entirely out ( use1 ! presses ( ?is k9d 9 ! ,london 8,times0 (fice hav+ be5 replac$ by ma*9es made by ,r4 ,hoe ,co4 ,meantime _! ma*9es 7 adopt$ by mo/ ( ! l>ge newspap]s 9 ! ,unit$ ,/ates & ,great ,brita94 ,^! new me?ods1 ( c\rse1 entirely sup]s$$ ! 8,hoe ,type ,revolv+ ,ma*9e10 :i* _h reign$ supreme 9 ! newspap] _w = ov] tw5ty ye>s1 & ( :i* "o hundr$ & sev5ty-five _h be5 made1 almo/ all ( :i* h n[ disappe>$4 ,up to ! middle ( ! la/ c5tury ! pap] _h be5 made f rags1 b z ^! became unobta9able 9 suffici5t quantity "s sub/itute _h to be f\nd4 ,fir/ /raw & aft]w>ds wood pulp 0 successfully employ$1 & pap] made f ! latt] is n[ 9 univ]sal use4 ,its *eapness 7av]ag+ n[ ab\t ?ree c5ts p] p\nd7 mat]ially aid$ ! newspap]s1 & /imulat$ ! pr9t+ ma*9e manufactur]s to r5ew$ ef=ts 9 devis+ presses ( /ill great] spe$ & effici5cy4 ,x 0 desirable also t ! pap]s %\ld be deliv]$ fold$ ready = ! c>ri] or mail4 ,! fir/ app>atus to accompli% ?is 0 simil> 9 design to ! h&-f$ fold+ ma*9e 9 common use 9 pr9t+ (fices4 ,! %eets1 f$ sep>ately into ^! ma*9es1 7 c>ri$ by tapes runn+ ^u pulleys "u /rik+ blades1 :i* =c$ !m betwe5 pairs ( fold+ roll]s4 ,aft] ! fir/ fold !y 7 aga9 c>ri$ 9 a simil> mann] "u /rik+ blades1 plac$ at "r angles to ! fir/1 & aga9 /ruck d[n betwe5 roll]s to receive a second fold4 ,?is action 0 cont9u$ until ! desir$ numb] ( folds _h be5 secur$4 ,fold]s ( ?is description 7 atta*$ to ! fa/ presses1 b none made c\ld be work$ at a great] spe$ ?an ab\t #h1jjj p] h\r1 until 9 #ahge ,/eph5 ,d4 ,tuck] pat5t$ a rotat+ fold+ cyl9d] :i* fold$ pap]s z fa/ z !y came f ! press1 or #ae1jjj 9 ! h\r4 ,! /rik+ blade fold]s 7 us$ 9 ! 8,bullock0 press1 9 ma*9es made by ,c4 ,pott]1 ,jr41 ,co4 & o!rs4 ,&rew ,campbell1 a pr9t+ press manufactur]1 also con/ruct$ a rot>y p]fect+ press1 b 8 devices 7 n orig9al4 ,f\r or five ma*9es 7 made by him1 & ^! soon w5t out ( use4 ,illu/ration3 ,,fir/ ,,hoe ,,web ,,press ,! fir/ fold]s made by ,hoe ,co4 consi/$ ( ! comb9ation ( a 8ga!r+ cyl9d]0 ) a rot>y fold+ cyl9d] & tapes convey+ ! pr9t$ %eets "u horizontal fold+ blades1 some:at simil> to ^? be=e describ$1 :i* ?ru/ !m at ! prop] mom5t betwe5 fold+ roll]s plac$ at alt]nate angles1 f9ally deliv]+ !m on travell+ belts by a small fli]4 ,! fir/ ( ^! fold+ ma*9es 7 put ^u ! presses made = ! ,philadelphia 8,times0 & op]at$ 9 ! ,c5t5nial ,exhibition1 9 #ahgf4 ,^! fold]s1 h[ev]1 7 only ! comm5cem5t ( a long s]ies ( exp]im5ts und]tak5 by ! mak]s 9 ! developm5t ( /ill fa/] pr9t+ & fold+ me*anisms1 & f ?is "t =w>d ! progress made has be5 ph5om5al4 ,) great +5uity1 add$ to long exp]i5ce1 & by ! acquisition & adaptation ( e device :i* %\ld aid !m 9 _! ef=ts1 ,hoe ,co4 succe$$ 9 provid+ ma*9es ( unrivall$ designs1 effici5cy & spe$4 ,ab\t #ahgf ,messrs4 ,an?ony ,taylor ( ,engl& 7! =m] "o ( ! own]s ( a newspap] 9 ,h]e=d7 took out pat5ts = devices by :i* ! webs ( pap] c\ld be turn$ ov] aft] pr9t+ on "o side & ! opposite or rev]s$ side pres5t$ to ! pr9t+ cyl9d]4 ,mr4 ,hoe1 :o 0 9 ,engl& at ! "t1 appreciat+ ! possible use & developm5t ( ^! pat5ts1 became possess$ ( !m = ,engl& & ! ,unit$ ,/ates4 ,e4 ,l4 ,=d1 engag$ 9 ! publication ( a newspap] 9 ,new ,york1 pat5t$ ! unit+ ( ! product ( two or m pr9t+ me*anisms & ?us produc+ 79 re/rict$ =m7 a multiple numb] ( pages at "o "t4 ,he 0 unable1 h[ev]1 to develop 8 plans to any practical result2 b des]ves ! cr$it ( be+ ! fir/ to pat5t1 if n to conceive1 ! idea ( ! association ( pr9t$ %eets = ?is purpose4 ,illu/ration3 ,,d\ble ,,supplem5t ,,press ,9 ! v>i\s exp]im5ts ( ,hoe ,co4 be>+ ^u ! manipulation ( webs ( pap] "s ( _! devices appe>$ to encroa* ^u pat5ts secur$ by ,lu!r ,c4 ,cr[ell1 inv5tor1 ( ,bo/on1 :o _h made an +5i\s ma*9e = =m+ pap] bags4 ,^! pat5ts 7 imm$iately secur$ by pur*ase & ! exp]im5tal "w proce$$ ) ! view ( adapt+ "s ( !m to ! requirem5ts ( ! pr9t+ press4 ,aft] _m ef=ts1 & ! failure & de/ruction ( sev]al ma*9es :i* _h be5 con/ruct$ at great exp5se1 ! ,hoe 8,d\ble ,supplem5t0 ma*9e 0 produc$1 ! fir/ "o be+ pur*as$ by ,james ,gordon ,b5nett ( ! ,new ,york 8,h]ald0 & put to "w 9 8 (fice4 ,! result ( ^! ef=ts has be51 = a ?ird "t1 a complete revolution ( ! me?ods ( fa/ newspap] pr9t+4 ,! mo/ rem>kable features ( ?is ma*9e are3 ,its extreme simplicity1 consid]+ ! v>i$ "w x p]=ms1 & its great spe$1 accuracy & effici5cy4 ,x turns out ei!r f\r1 six1 eight1 t5 or twelve page pap]s at #bd1jjj p] h\r1 & sixte5 page pap]s at #ab1jjj p] h\r2 ! odd pages be+ 9 e case accurately ins]t$ & pa/$ 91 & ! pap]s cut at top & deliv]$ fold$4 ,?is ma*9e is con/ruct$ 9 two p>ts1 ! cyl9d]s 9 "o portion be+ twice ! l5g? ( ^? 9 ! o!r2 ! %ort cyl9d]s be+ us$ = ! supplem5ts ( ! pap] :5 x is desir$ to pr9t m ?an eight pages4 ,! plates be+ secur$ on ! cyl9d]s1 ! pap] ent]s f ! two rolls into ! two portions ( ! ma*9e1 ?r\gh ea* ( :i* x is c>ri$ betwe5 ! two pairs ( type & impression cyl9d]s1 & pr9t$ on bo? sides1 aft] :i* ! two broad ribbons or 8webs0 pass ov] turn+ b>s & o!r devices1 by :i* !y are laid ev5ly "o ov] ! o!r1 & pa/$ toge!r4 ,! webs ( pap] !n pass d[n ^u a triangul> 8=m]10 :i* folds !m along ! c5t] m>g94 ,!y are !n tak5 ov] a cyl9d]1 f :i* !y receive ! f9al fold1 a revolv+ blade )9 ?is cyl9d] project+ & ?ru/+ ! pap] betwe5 fold+ roll]s1 :ile at ! same mom5t a knife 9 ! same cyl9d] sev]s ! %eet1 & a rapidly revolv+ me*anism1 resembl+ 9 its motion ! f+]s ( a h&1 causes _! accurate disposal ^u travel+ belts1 :i* convey !m on = f9al removal4 ,f ?is r summ>y description x w be app>5t t ! pr9ciple ( reta9+ ! pap] 9 ! web1 or unsev]$ =m1 up to ! f9al fold & deliv]y1 & p]=m+ all ! op]ations )\t ret>d+ ! onw>d run ( ! pap]1 effectually prev5ts *okes or /oppages ?r\gh any misc>riage ( %eets sev]$ be=e ! fold+4 ,sev]al hundr$ ( ^! ma*9es h be5 made & put 9 op]ation by ! ,unit$ ,/ates2 & 9 (fices ( ! l>ge newspap]s 9 ,great ,brita9 & o!r c\ntries4 ,previ\s to ! introduction ( ! 8,d\ble ,supplem5t0 press1 h[ev]1 ,hoe ,co4 _h made :at is kn[n z ! 8,d\ble ,p]fect+0 ma*9e4 ,! success ( ?is press1 :i* embraces sub/antially ! pr9t+ & fold+ devices embodi$ 9 ! 8,d\ble ,supplem5t0 ma*9e1 0 ! connect+ l9k betwe5 ! ord9>y 8s+le0 or two-page-wide press & ! 8,d\ble ,supplem5t0 ma*9e4 ,illu/ration3 ,,quadruple ,,press ,! next improvem5t 9 fa/ presses 0 ! con/ruction ( ! ma*9e kn[n z ! 8,quadruple0 ,newspap] ,press4 ,?is 0 a /ep 9 advance ( any?+ h]et(ore attempt$4 ,! fir/ "o 0 con/ruct$ 9 #ahhg & plac$ 9 ! (fice ( ! ,new ,york 8,_w40 ,! same pr9ciples 7 embrac$ 9 ?is z 9 ! 8,d\ble ,supplem5t10 b develop$ to a great] ext5t4 ,! supplem5t portion ( ! press 0 increas$ 9 wid?4 ,by means ( +5i\s arrangem5ts & manipulation ( ! webs ( pap] ?is press 0 made to produce eight-page pap]s at a runn+ spe$ ( #dh1jjj p] h\r2 also #bd1jjj p] h\r ( ei!r t51 twelve1 f\rte5 or sixte5 page pap]s2 all deliv]$ ) great exactness & p]fection2 cut at ! top1 pa/$ & fold$ ready = ! c>ri] or ! mails4 ,illu/ration3 ,,/raight-,,l9e ,,press ,ano!r =m ( ! ,d\ble ,supplem5t & ,quadruple ma*9es1 embody+ sub/antially ! same pr9ciples1 is :at has be5 t]m$ ! 8/raight-l9e0 press4 ,9 ?is =m ( con/ruction ! cyl9d]s are arrang$ 9 horizontal r[s1 or ti]s1 "o above ! o!r1 !re be+ two pairs ( cyl9d]s 9 ea* ti]1 ) ! fold+ & deliv]y app>atus at ! end ( ! ma*9e4 ,"s ( ^! presses1 made "u ! pat5t ( ,joseph ,l4 ,firm1 & :i* belong to ,r4 ,hoe ,co41 h be5 con/ruct$4 ,illu/ration3 ,,sextuple ,,press ,x 0 ?\ght t ! limit ( pr9t+ capacity 9 "o ma*9e _h be5 rea*$ 9 ?is new inv5tion1 b 9 #ahhi ! same firm und]took ! task ( con/ruct+ a ma*9e = ,mr4 ,b5nett ( ! 8,new ,york ,h]ald10 :i* w\ld ev5 eclipse ! 8,quadruple0 ma*9e1 :i* _h1 toge!r ) ! 8,d\ble ,supplem5t0 press1 sup]s$$ almo/ all o!rs 9 ! l>ge (fices ( ! ,unit$ ,/ates1 z well z 9 ,great ,brita9 & ,au/ralia4 ,! press made = ! 8,new ,york ,h]ald0 & kn[n z ! 8,sextuple0 ma*9e1 occupi$ ab\t eighte5 mon?s 9 con/ruction4 ,x is compos$ ( ab\t sixte5 ?\s& pieces4 ,! g5]al arrangem5t diff]s entirely f t ( ! 8,quadruple0 ma*9e4 ,! =m & impression cyl9d]s are all plac$ p>allel1 in/ead ( any be+ at "r angles z 9 ! 8,quadruple0 & 8,d\ble ,supplem5t0 ,presses4 ,to give an idea ( ?is ma*9e1 we _c d bett] ?an to quote ! description ( x 9 ! 8,new ,york ,h]ald0 ( ,may #aj?1 #ahia4 8,! new ,hoe press :i* is be+ set up 9 ! #8,h]ald1' ,build+ is no?+ less ?an a miracle ( me*anism4 ,to say t x is ! only "o ( ! k9d ev] built & t x ?r[s all previ\s inv5tions into ! backgr\nd are facts :i* ! foll[+ figures abundantly prove4 8,its consumption ( :ite pap] is s a/\nd+ t ev5 ! imag9ation gr[s tir$ & sits d[n to cat* its brea?4 ,x is f$ f ?ree rolls1 ea* be+ m ?an five feet wide4 ,:5 x settles d[n to %[ its be/ "w x w use up 9 "o h\r ne>ly tw5ty-six miles ( ?is pap]1 or to make ! matt] m significant1 x w use up ab\t fifty-two miles ( pap] ! ord9>y wid? ( ! #8,h]ald' e sixty m9utes4 8,our read]s w be />tl$ to le>n t x c pr9t & fold n9ety ?\s& f\r-page #8,h]alds' 9 an h\r4 ,?is is1 to ! m9d1 :i* is n v]s$ 9 ! problem ( rapid pr9t+1 a feat :i* makes ,aladd9's lamp an old woman's fable4 ,n9ety ?\s& p] h\r means fifte5 hundr$ copies p] m9ute1 or tw5ty-five copies = e second ( "t tick$ by ! clock 9 ,tr9ity's /eeple4 8,x is1 ( c\rse1 ! la/ & be/ result ( mod]n inv5tion--! highe/ atta9m5t ( g5ius at ! pres5t "t4 8,?is new press w pr9t1 cut1 pa/e1 fold1 c\nt & deliv] #gb1jjj eight-page #8,h]alds' 9 "o h\r1 :i* is equival5t to #a1bjj a m9ute & #bj a second4 8,x w pr9t1 cut1 pa/e1 fold1 c\nt & deliv] complete #dh1jjj t5 or twelve-page #8,h]alds' 9 "o h\r1 :i* is equival5t to #hjj a m9ute & a fraction ov] #ac a second4 8,x w pr9t1 cut1 pa/e1 fold1 c\nt & deliv] complete #cf1jjj sixte5-page #8,h]alds' an h\r1 :i* is at ! rate ( #fjj a m9ute or #aj a second4 8,x w pr9t1 cut1 pa/e1 fold1 c\nt & deliv] complete #bd1jjj f\rte51 tw5ty or tw5ty-f\r page #8,h]alds' an h\r1 :i* is at ! rate ( #djj a m9ute1 or v ne>ly sev5 a second4 8,?is is lightn+ "w ) a v5geance & yet x is possible t !re may be "s :o read ?is :o w live to call x sl[4 ,t w probably be :5 !y h f\nd out all ab\t h[ to put a h>ness on electricity4 ,no "o c pr$ict :5 inv5tive g5ius w rea* its limit 9 ! pr9t+ press4 ,b = ! pres5t ?is new press m>ks high wat] m>k4 8,be=e ?is press 0 built ! fa/e/ presses 9 ! _w 7 ,hoe's #8,quadruple' ,presses1 ( :i* ! #8,h]ald' has two4 ,^! presses turn out #dh1jjj f\r1 six or eight-page pap]s an h\r1 #bd1jjj t51 twelve1 f\rte5 or sixte5-page pap]s an h\r1 & #ab1jjj tw5ty or tw5ty-f\r-page pap]s an h\r1 all cut1 pa/$ & fold$4 8,?is new press has a well-nigh insatiable appetite = :ite pap]4 ,to satisfy x1 x is f$ f ?ree rolls at ! same "t1 "o roll be+ atta*$ at ei!r end ( ! press & ! ?ird susp5d$ ne> ! c5t]4 ,x is ! only press t has ev] be5 able to accompli% t feat4 ,ea* roll is sixty-?ree in*es wide1 or twice ! wid? ( ! #8,h]ald4' ,:5 do+ its be/ ?is press w consume #be miles ( sixty-?ree-in*-wide pap]--equival5t to #ea miles ( pap] ! wid? ( ! #8,h]ald'--9 "o h\r1 & eject x at ! two deliv]ies 9 ! %ape ( #8,h]alds1' ea* copy conta9+ an epitome ( ! news ( ! _w = ! prec$+ tw5ty-f\r h\rs1 & ea* copy cut1 pa/$ & fold$ ready = deliv]y to ! #8,h]ald' read]s4 ,x is a sight wor? see+ to see x done4 ,c]ta9ly we "k ( no?+ else :i* af=ds su* a /rik+ example ( ! triumph ( me*anical g5ius4 8,a man turns a lev]1 %afts & cyl9d]s beg9 to revolve1 ! :irr+ noise settles into a /eady ro>1 y see ?ree /reams ( :ite pap] p\r+ into ! ma*9e f ! ?ree huge rolls1 & y pass ar\nd to ! o!r side--x is lit]ally sn[+ newspap]s at ea* ( ! two deliv]y outlets4 ,s fa/ does "o pap] foll[ ! o!r t y cat* only a mom5t>y glitt] f ! deft /eel f+]s t seize ! pap]s & ca/ !m out4 8,! ma*9e weighs ab\t fifty-eight tons4 ,x is massive & /rong1 ) ! /r5g? ( a ?\s& giants4 ,& yet ?\gh its arms are ( /eel & its motions are all z rapid z lightn+1 its t\* is z t5d] z t ( a woman :5 %e c>ries h] babe4 ,h[ else does ! ma*9e avoid te>+ ! pap]8 ,x te>s v readily1 z y (t5 asc]ta9 accid5tally :5 turn+ ov] ! leaves4 ,truly wond]ful x is1 & my/]i\s to anybody b an exp]t1 h[ ?is huge ma*9e c make newspap]s at ! rate ( tw5ty-five a second )\t r5d+ ! pap] all to %r$s4 8,x has six plate cyl9d]s1 ea* cyl9d] c>ry+ eight /]eotype plates1 :i* repres5t eight pages ( ! #8,h]ald1' & six impression cyl9d]s4 ,^! cyl9d]s1 :5 ! press is work+ at full spe$ make #bjj revolutions a m9ute4 ,! p]iod ( contact betwe5 ! pap] & ! plate cyl9d]s is !re=e inconceivably brief1 & h[ 9 t fractional space ( "t a p]fect impression is made1 ev5 to ! reproduction ( su* f9e l9es z are %[n 9 ^! illu/rations1 is "o ( ^? ?+s :i*1 to ! man :o is n #8up' 9 me*anics1 mu/ =ev] rema9 a my/]y4 ,b t x does x y "k1 because y h ! evid5ce ( y\r own eyes4 8,a d\ble fold] =ms "p ( ?is ma*9e4 ,a s+le fold] w\ld n be equal to ! task impos$ ^u x4 ,z x is1 ?is d\ble fold] has to ex]cise su* cel]ity to keep up ) ! /reams ( pr9t$ pap] t desc5d ^u x t its op]ations are too quick = ! eye to foll[4 8,! press has two deliv]y outlets4 ,at ea* ! pap]s are automatically c\nt$ 9 piles ( fifty4 ,no matt] h[ rapidly ! pap]s come out1 !re is nev] a mi/ake 9 ! c\nt4 ,x is z sure z fate4 ,by an +5i\s contrivance--if ,i %\ld attempt to describe x m def9itely mo/ p w\ld be none ! wis]--ea* fiftie? pap] is %ov$ out an in* beyond ! o!rs t h be5 dropp$ onto ! receiv+ tapes1 ?us s]v+ z a sort ( tally m>k4 8,truly x is a m>vel\s ma*9e--?is ,sextuple press4 ,n[h]e w y f9d a m p]fect adaption ( means to ends2 n[h]e 9 any bran* ( indu/ry a piece ( me*anism :i* (f]s a f9] example ( :at human skill & +5uity is capable (4 ,& x is free f t reproa* :i* is sometimes br\ght aga9/ ! greate/ triumph ( inv5tive g5ius 9 o!r dep>tm5ts ( human activity--t !y make m]e automatons out ( human be+s4 8,! pr9t+ press is synonym\s ) progress1 ) ! diffusion ( k & ! spread ( ideas4 ,)\t ! great improvem5ts t h be5 made 9 x )9 ! memory ( _m m5 n[ liv+ ! mod]n newspap]1 ! be/ fri5d ( lib]ty1 & ! greate/ foe ( tyranny1 w\ld be an impossibility4 ,x has m ?an kept pace ) ! advancem5t 9 o!r dep>tm5ts ( indu/ry4 ,9 #ahbi ! ,wa%+ton ,h& ,press 0 introduc$ & reg>d$ z q a me*anical triumph4 ,at its be/ x pr9t$ #bej impressions an h\r on "o side1 or #abe complete newspap]s ( insignificant dim5sions4 ,n[1 a little ov] sixty ye>s lat]1 a ma*9e is br\ght out :i*1 :5 ! numb] ( pap]s alone is comp>$1 does #aej times z mu* "w 9 ! same "t1 & :i*1 if ! comp>ison is ext5d$ to ! actual am\nt ( pr9t+ done1 does ov] #b1jjj times z mu* "w40 ,illu/ration3 ,,appleton ,,rot>y ,,book ,,press ,ab\t #ahga a ma*9e call$ ! 8,pre/onian0 0 made by ,fo/]1 a ma*9i/ ( ,pre/on1 ,engl&1 & two or ?ree 7 set to "w1 b did n enjoy any great degree ( favor4 ,!y embodi$ a comb9ation ( ! 8,hoe ,type ,revolv+ ,ma*9e0 ) ! 8endless %eet p]fect+ press40 ,! =m ( type = "o side ( ! pap] 0 plac$ ^u "o cyl9d]1 ) impression cyl9d]s ar\nd x1 9 ! mann] ( ! ,hoe press1 & ! =m = ! o!r side on ano!r cyl9d]1 & ! pap] pass$ f "o set ( impression cyl9d]s to ! o!r4 ,! pr9cipal objection to ?is ma*9e 0 its lack ( spe$4 ,! same pr9ciple1 h[ev]1 _h be5 develop$ ye>s be=e 9 ! 8type revolv+ p]fect+0 presses 7made by ,hoe ,co47 :i* h two sets ( type =ms on sep>ate l>ge cyl9d]s1 ! %eets be+ f$ 9 by h& & convey$ f "o impression cyl9d] to ! o!r & aga9/ ! =ms by means ( f+]s or gripp]s4 ,! %eets 7 !n deliv]$ on a %eet fli]4 ,^! presses 7 especially design$ = pr9t+ books1 ( :i* l>ge numb]s 7 requir$1 su* z text books & spell+ books4 ,! cont5ts ( a :ole book c\ld be plac$ on ^! cyl9d]s & pr9t$ & deliv]$ at "o impression4 ,"o ( ^! ma*9es con/ruct$ 9 #aheb 7fifty ye>s ago7 is /ill 9 op]ation at ,messrs4 ,d4 ,appleton ,co4's pr9t+ (fice 9 ,brooklyn1 z active & effici5t z ev]4 ,illu/ration3 ,,rot>y ,,type-,,revolv+ ,,web ,,p]fect+ ,,press ,9 #ahha ,hoe ,co4 turn$ _! att5tion to ! mak+ ( a ma*9e :i* %\ld pr9t ,,f ,,"o ,,=m ,,( ,,type at a great] spe$ ?an _h ev] yet be5 atta9$4 ,! result 0 ! 8,rot>y ,type ,endless-%eet ,p]fect+ ,press40 ,! pr9ciple ( ?is ma*9e 0 9 a measure t ( _! 8,type-,revolv+0 press4 ,! =ms ( type = bo? sides ( ! pap] 7 plac$ on a c5tral cyl9d]1 :i* 0 surr\nd$ by impression cyl9d]s & ink+ roll]s4 ,!re1 71 h[ev]1 no fe$]s & no gripp]s4 ,! roll ( pap] 0 plac$ at ! end ( ! press1 pass$ ar\nd ! impression cyl9d]s arrang$ at "o side ( ! =m cyl9d]1 & !n turn$ upside d[n at ! l[] "p ( ! ma*9e1 !nce be+ c>ri$ upw>ds4 ,! opposite or unpr9t$ side 0 pres5t$ 9 turn betwe5 ea* impression cyl9d] & ! =ms4 ,if f\r impression cyl9d]s 7 plac$ ar\nd ! c5tral cyl9d] !n at ea* revolution ( ! latt] f\r p]fect pap]s 7 pr9t$4 ,if eight impression cyl9d]s 7 plac$ ar\nd ! c5tral cyl9d] !n eight p]fect pap]s 7 pr9t$ at "o revolution ( ! ma9 or =m cyl9d]4 ,! spe$ atta9$ by ?is ma*9e ) f\r impression cyl9d]s 0 ab\t #ab1jjj p] h\r1 & f ma*9es ) eight impression cyl9d]s #bd1jjj copies p] h\r 7 pr9t$4 ,?is press 0 especially adapt$ = aft]noon pap]s :5 ! "t or exp5se necess>ily involv$ 9 /]eotyp+ c\ld n be af=d$4 ,! majority ( ! ma*9es made 7 provid$ ) f\r impression cyl9d]s only4 ,9 ! ma*9es ) eight impression cyl9d]s two rolls 7 us$1 "o at ei!r end ( ! ma*9e1 ! pap] f ea* roll pass+ "u ! two fir/ impression cyl9d]s on ei!r side1 ea* web !n be+ turn$ ov]1 & pap] pass$ betwe5 ! two rema9+ cyl9d]s on ei!r side to pr9t ! opposite sides ( ! %eets4 ,9 ?is ma*9e a fold+ app>atus 0 plac$ at ea* end to receive ! product ( ! rolls1 b 9 ! ma*9e ) f\r impression cyl9d]s only "o fold] 0 plac$1 at ! end ( ! ma*9e opposite t at :i* ! pap] ent]$4 ,! exp]i5ce ga9$ 9 ! con/ruction ( ^! fa/ newspap] ma*9es1 & ! accumulation ( pat5t$ devices ent]+ into !m1 :i* 7 numb]$ by ! score1 _h _! influ5ce 9 ! improvem5ts :i* 7 made ^u presses = ! pr9t+ ( weekly newspap]s1 p]iodicals & magaz9es4 ,illu/ration3 ,,?ree ,,page ,,wide ,,press ,9 #ahhh 0 introduc$ a pat5t$ ,hoe ma*9e call$ ! 8,?ree-page-wide ,press40 ,x has a capacity ( pr9t+1 p]fect+ & deliv]+ two-page pap]s1 ) "o fold1 at ! rate ( #fj1jjj p] h\r2 f\r-page pap]s1 ) two folds1 at #bd1jjj p] h\r1 six-page pap]s at #bd1jjj p] h\r2 eight-page pap]s1 fold$ twice1 or to c>ri] size1 at #ab1jjj p] h\r1 & twelve-page pap]s1 fold$ 9 ! same mann] z ! eight-page1 at ! same spe$1 viz41 #ab1jjj p] h\r2 all ! supplem5t %eets be+ inset & pa/$ if desir$4 ,! prom95t features ( ?is ma*9e are3 ,! outside pages may receive ! fir/ or ! la/ impression at w1 ?us enabl+ l>ge cuts & o!r simil> "w to be pr9t$ )\t (fset4 ,gripp]s & horizontal fold+ knives & all tapes b %ort lead]s are done away ) 9 ! deliv]y & fold+ me*anisms1 ! movem5ts be+ all rot>y4 ,! press occupies b a small space on ! floor1 be+ #f feet #a in* high1 #h feet wide & #ae feet #e in*es long ov] all4 ,illu/ration3 ,,newspap] ,,& ,,pamphlet ,,press ,9 #ahhi ,hoe ,co4 con/ruct$ a pat5t$ p]fect+ ma*9e 9 :i* ! plates1 or =ms1 = bo? sides are plac$ ^u "o cyl9d]1 "o side ( ! =m ( matt] be+ plac$ ^u "o end1 or half ( ! cyl9d]1 & ! o!r side ^u ! opposite portion ( ! cyl9d]4 ,"o impression cyl9d] only is us$1 & ! ink+ app>atus is greatly ext5d$4 ,?is ma*9e is rem>kable = ! great v>iety ( "w x w d4 ,at a high rate ( spe$1 %eets ( eight1 sixte51 tw5ty-f\r & s on up to n9ety-six or "o hundr$ & tw5ty-eight pages may be pr9t$ & deliv]$ fold$ 9 ei!r #abmo1 #hvo1 #dto or folio sizes1 ready = ! b9d]4 ,! press does ! "w ( t5 flat-b$ cyl9d] presses & t5 h&-fe$ fold+ ma*9es4 ,! pap] is suppli$ to ! ma*9e f ! roll1 & aft] pr9t+ passes ov] ! 8=m]0 into ! fold+ ma*9e1 :]e ! fold+ & cutt+ cyl9d]s produce ! requir$ numb] ( pages 9 ! =m desir$4 ,curv$ electrotypes are n[ made successfully & ?is press 0 ! fir/ to br+ ! pr9t+ ( ! av]age book & catalogue )9 ! range ( web press "w4 ,:ile 9 g5]al pr9ciples ?is ma*9e is simil> to ! l>ge newspap] p]fect+ presses1 ?\gh v mu* small] 9 bulk1 x has increas$ facilities = di/ribution1 & f9] adju/m5ts ?r\gh\t4 ,! plates admit ( und]lays & ov]lays ! same z on a flat-b$ press4 ,!re are no tapes1 ! fold+ be+ done on roll]s & small cyl9d]s )\t smutt+ ! pr9t+4 ,9 ! fold+ app>atus !re are knives :i* cut ! %eet into ! "r size = fold+1 aft] :i* !y are automatically deliv]$ c\nt$ 9 lots ( fifty ea*4 ,! spe$ on a ?irty-two page =m is ab\t #af1jjj copies p] h\r4 ,?is /yle ( ma*9e is probably de/9$ to revolutionize book & pamphlet pr9t+1 z x comb9es ! f9e/ con/ruction & facility ( op]ation ) ! greate/ spe$4 ,9 #ahhf a fur!r advance 0 made t[>d p]fection 9 ! rot>y sy/em ( pr9t+ z adapt$ to do+ f9e "w1 9 ! con/ruction = ,!odore ,l4 ,de ,v9ne1 ! pr9t] ( ! 8,c5tury0 ,magaz9e1 by ,hoe ,co41 ( a p]fect+ press to d ! pla9 =ms ( t p]iodical4 ,! ma*9e 0 describ$ 9 ! magaz9e1 9 an article writt5 by ,mr4 ,de ,v9ne1 "h quot$ f3 7,extract f article publi%$ 9 ! 8,c5tury0 ,magaz9e1 ,novemb]1 #ahij47 8,at ! end ( a long r[ ( ma*9]y /&s ! web press--a massive & complicat$ con/ruction1 especially built by ,hoe ,co4 = pr9t+1 cutt+ & fold+ ! pla9 & adv]tis+ pages ( ! #8,c5tury4' ,web presses = newspap]s are common en\gh1 b ?is press has di/9ction z ! fir/1 & = ?ree ye>s ! only1 web press us$ 9 ?is c\ntry1 = good book "w4 ,at "o end ( ! ma*9e is a great roll ( pap] m ?an two miles long :5 unw\nd1 & weigh+ ab\t #gej p\nds4 ,z ! pap] unw9ds x passes fir/ ov] a jet ( /eam :i* slightly damp5s & s(t5s its h>d surface & fits x = receiv+ impressions1 )\t leav+ x wet or sodd54 ,x passes "u a plate cyl9d]1 on :i* are ?irty-two curv$ plates1 ink$ by sev5 l>ge roll]s1 :i* pr9t ?irty-two pages on "o side4 ,!n x passes ar\nd a rev]s+ cyl9d] :i* pres5ts ! o!r side ( ! pap] to ano!r plate cyl9d]1 on :i* are ?irty-two plates :i* pr9t exactly on ! back ! prop] pages = ! ?irty-two previ\sly pr9t$4 ,?is is done quickly--9 less ?an two seconds--b ) exactness4 ,b ! web ( pap] is /ill uncut4 ,to d ?is x is drawn upw>d "u a small cyl9d] conta9+ a conceal$ knife1 :i* cuts ! pr9t$ web 9 /rips two leaves wide & f\r leaves long4 ,z soon z cut ! %eets are ?r[n =w>d on endless belts ( tape4 ,an +5i\s b undetectable me*anism gives to e alt]nate %eet a quick] movem5t1 s t x falls exactly ov] its pr$ecessor1 mak+ two lapp$ /rips ( pap]4 ,busy little adju/]s n[ come 9 play1 plac+ ^! lapp$ %eets ( pap] accurately up to a head & a side guide4 ,)\t an in/ant ( delay d[n comes a /rong creas+ blade ov] ! long c5t] ( ! %eet1 & pu%es x out ( sight4 ,pulleys at once seize ! creas$ %eet & press x flat1 9 :i* %ape x is hurri$ =w>d to meet ?ree circul> knives on "o %aft1 :i* cut x across 9 f\r equal pieces4 ,disappe>+ = an in/ant f view1 x comes out on ! o!r side ( ! upp] end ( ! tail ( ! press 9 ! =m ( f\r fold$ sections ( eight pages ea*4 ,imm$iately aft]1 at ! l[] end ( ! tail ( ! press1 out come f\r entirely diff]5t sections ( eight pages ea*4 ,?is duplicate deliv]y %[s ! product ( ! press to be at e revolution ( ! cyl9d] sixty-f\r pages1 neatly pr9t$1 truly cut1 & accurately regi/]$ & fold$1 ready = ! b9d]4 ,two boys are kept fully employ$ 9 seiz+ ! fold$ sections & putt+ !m 9 box trucks1 by :i* !y are roll$ out to ! elevator1 & on ^! s5t to ! b9d]y4 ,?is web press is n s fa/ z ! web press ( daily newspap]s1 b x p]=ms m op]ations & does m accurate "w4 ,x is n a l>ge ma*9e1 nor is x noisy1 nor does x seem to be mov+ fa/1 b ! pap] goes ?r\gh ! cyl9d]s at ! rate ( ne>ly two hundr$ feet a m9ute4 ,x does t5 times z mu* "w z ! noisi] & m bu/l+ presses by its side40 ,illu/ration3 ,,rot>y ,,art ,,press ,! success ( ?is p]fect+ press induc$ ! mak]s to devise a ma*9e on ! rot>y pr9ciple adapt$ = ! f9e/ k9d ( illu/rations--9 %ort1 to make a press :i* %\ld d "w z f9e z x 0 possible to d on ! h& press or ! /op cyl9d]4 ,! result 0 ! sett+ up1 9 #ahij1 at ! ,de ,v9ne ,press1 ( a ma*9e kn[n z ! 8,rot>y ,art0 press4 ,?is ma*9e is describ$ 9 ! 8,c5tury0 ( ,novemb]1 #ahij1 z foll[s3--8,sixty-f\r plates ( ! #8,c5tury' truly b5t to ! prop] curve1 are firmly fa/5$ on "o cyl9d] sixty in*es long1 & ab\t ?irty in*es 9 diamet]2 sixte5 ink+ roll]s1 suppli$ ) ink f two f\nta9s1 successfully ink ^! sixty-f\r plates ) a delicacy & yet ) a fullness ( color nev] be=e atta9$4 ,! %afts ( ! impression cyl9d] & ! plate cyl9d]s1 #d in*es 9 diamet]1 d n give or spr+ "u ! /ronge/ impression4 ,al?\gh rigid 9 e "p1 9 ! h&s ( an exp]t pressman x c be made responsive to ! slighte/ ov]lay4 ,?is ma*9e is f$ by f\r fe$]s f s+le %eets 9 ! usual mann]1 & does ! "w ( f\r /op cyl9d]s 9 sup]ior /yle4 ,! ga9 9 p]=mance is n z great z ! ga9 9 quality ( presswork1 b quality 0 consid]$ m ?an spe$4 ,! p]=mance ( ! ma*9e c\ld h be5 m ?an d\bl$ by add+ to x o!r cyl9d]s :i* w\ld pr9t on bo? sides ( ! pap]2 b c>eful exp]im5t has prov$ t ! f9e/ woodcuts _c be prop]ly pr9t$ ) ?is rapidity4 ,to get ! be/ results ! ink on "o side ( ! pap] mu/ be dry be=e x is pr9t$ on ! o!r side40 ,illu/ration3 8,,tit ,,bits0 ,,press ,among ! mo/ int]e/+ mod]n pr9t+ ma*9es are ^? con/ruct$ by ,hoe ,co4 at _! ,london works1 aft] draw+s & patt]ns s5t f ,new ,york1 = weekly ,engli% j\rnals1 su* z 8,tit-,bits10 8,sunday ,/ories10 & simil> p]iodicals4 ,^! ma*9es embody to a c]ta9 ext5t ! pr9ciples ( ! 8,d\ble ,supplem5t0 press be=e ref]r$ to4 ,d\ble sets ( plates are plac$ ^u ! ma9 ma*9e1 :i* is capable ( tak+ on an aggregate ( tw5ty-f\r pages2 & by us+ n>r[] rolls ! numb] ( pages ( ! body ( ! j\rnal may be r$uc$ to sixte5 or tw5ty1 s t ! publi%] may h ! option ( pr9t+ 8 pap] ei!r sixte51 tw5ty or tw5ty-f\r pages4 ,9 addition to ?is x pr9ts a cov] on a diff]5t color$ pap]1 & all at ! rate ( #bd1jjj copies p] h\r2 ! :ole product1 includ+ ! cov]1 be+ cut on ! edges & pa/$ toge!r at ! back4 ,! supplem5t or cov] ( ! press portion1 h[ev]1 in/ead ( hav+ two pairs ( cyl9d]s1 z 9 ! 8,d\ble ,supplem5t0 ma*9e1 consi/s ( "o =m cyl9d] & "o impression cyl9d]4 ,?is portion ( ! ma*9e pr9ts ! cov]1 :i* is f$ f a n>r[] roll1 &1 z be=e /at$1 ( an entirely diff]5t color or quality ( pap] f ! body ( ! j\rnal4 ,! =m = "o side ( ! cov] is plac$ on "o end ( ! =m cyl9d]1 & t = ! o!r side on ! o!r end ( ! cyl9d]4 ,?is +5i\s comb9ation results 9 ! pr9t+ ( "o cov] to e copy ( ! j\rnal issu$ & no m4 ,! dem& = pr9t$ matt] seems to increase ) ! ability to furni% x1 & mu* att5tion is n[ be+ direct$ to ! subject ( color pr9t+ on ! rot>y sy/em4 ,f pres5t appe>ances1 & f ! ent]prise display$ by ! publi%]1 ! arti/ & ! press mak]1 x w\ld seem z ?\gh ! day is n f> di/ant :5 ?is subject alone w\ld furni% matt] = a new *apt] 9 ! hi/ory ( ! pr9t+ press4 ,x is v difficult to give 9 a %ort article ev5 a summ>y ( ! v>i\s k9ds ( ma*9es to pr9t newspap]s ( v>i\s sizes1 9 black z well z 9 colors1 weekly p]iodicals1 magaz9es1 books1 pamphlets1 9 %ort e class ( pr9t+1 9 connection ) fold+1 :i* h be5 evolv$ & p]fect$ up to ! pres5t "t4 ,! "w /ill goes on1 "o /ep 9 advance lead+ to ano!r1 until n[ a pr9t] c obta9 a great v>iety ( ma*9es to pr9t f ! roll or f$ f sep>ate %eets1 & :i*1 especially 9 ! production ( l>ge numb]s1 economize bo? "t & labor4 ,nor is ?is con/ant advance 9 me*anical con/ruction conf9$ to ! ma*9es !mselves or ! manipulation ( ! pap]4 ,x ext5ds to ! manufacture ( ! pap] & ! inks1 al?\gh ! manufactur]s ( ! latt] h n advanc$ 9 ! same proportion z ! pap]-mak]1 :o e ye> produces f9] pap] 9 ! roll & 9 great] quantities ?an ev] be=e4 ,illu/ration3 ,,octuple ,,press ,! late/ & mo/ elaborate newspap] ma*9e is ! ,octuple ,p]fect+ ,press ) ,fold]s1 :i* pr9ts f f\r rolls1 ea* f\r pages wide1 & gives 7f ! f\r deliv]ies7 a runn+ spe$ p] h\r (3 #if1jjj #d1 #f or #h-page pap]s2 #gb1jjj #aj-page pap]s2 #fj1jjj #ab-page pap]s2 #dh1jjj #ad or #af-page pap]s2 #db1jjj #ah-page pap]s2 #cf1jjj #bj-page pap]s2 #bd1jjj #bd-page pap]s4 ,?is ma*9e has be5 fur!r develop$ into ! ,improv$ ,comb9ation ,octuple 7or ,d\ble ,quadruple7 & ,color ,ma*9e1 lately pat5t$ by ,r4 ,hoe ,co41 :i*1 9 addition to giv+ ! above m5tion$ output :5 pr9t+ 9 black only1 w also produce pap]s 9 colors at ! rate p] h\r (3 #if1jjj #d-pages2 #dh1jjj #f1 #h1 #aj1 #ab1 #ad or #af pages2 #bd1jjj #ah1 #bj1 #bd or #bh pages4 ,illu/ration3 ,,d\ble ,,sextuple ,,press ,,built ,,= ,,! ,,new ,,york ,,j\rnal ,r4 ,hoe ,co4 h n[ 9 process ( con/ruction f\r mammo? pr9t+ ma*9es1 :i* w give a great] product & a great] v>iety ( products ?an any ma*9es t h hi!rto be5 devis$4 ,!y are ,d\ble ,sextuple ,presses & s call$1 b 9 reality are mu* m ?an ?is1 inasmu* z !y comb9e ! ability to d pr9t+ 9 colors z well z 9 black4 ,?is ma*9e is compos$1 s to speak1 ( two sep>ate1 complete pr9t+ me*anisms1 ea* f$ f ?ree f\r-page-wide rolls ( pap]2 ! app>atus = ! ga!r+ & fold+ ( ^! webs ( pap] aft] pr9t+ be+ 9 ! c5tre betwe5 ! two sections ( ! ma*9e4 ,! 8=m]s0 & fold]s 7plac$ back to back7 enable a manipulation or ga!r+ ( ! webs :i* c\ld n be readily obta9$ 9 any o!r way4 ,all ^! devices & me?ods h be5 pat5t$ by ,hoe ,co4 ,! foll[+ is a summ>y description ( ^! new ma*9es & :at !y w accompli%4 ,! two sections may be us$ sep>ately if desir$1 z indep5d5t ma*9es4 ,ea* ( ! two portions ( ! ma*9e is compos$ ( six pairs ( cyl9d]s1 arrang$1 ) _! axles p>allel1 9 ?ree ti]s ( two pairs ea* & pr9t+ on bo? sides 7or p]fect+7 ?ree webs ( pap] f sep>ate rolls1 ea* f\r pages wide4 ,"o ( ! sections is also arrang$ s t all six sets ( cyl9d]s w pr9t ^u a s+le web 9 colors & black1 ?is web be+ associat$ ) ! ?ree webs f ! o!r portion to =m a color$ cov] = ! products1 :5 requir$4 ,! rolls ( pap] are plac$ at ! end ( ! ma*9e--?ree at ea* end--& ! two fold]s = ea* portion are plac$ back to back midway 9 ! l5g? ( ! ma*9e4 ,! runs ( all ! webs are !re=e approximately ! same & z %ort z x is possible to h !m--a matt] ( mu* importance 9 ! runn+ ( multiple webs4 ,altoge!r !re are twelve plate cyl9d]s 9 ! ma*9e1 ea* c>ry+ eight plates ! size ( a newspap] page4 ,ei!r /]eotype or electrotype plates may be us$4 ,to receive ! latt]1 :i* are mu* ?9n] ?an /]eotype plates1 special base or jacket plates are secur$ to ! cyl9d]s4 ,! ink is appli$ to ! plates by f\r =m roll]s1 aft] hav+ be5 ?or\ghly di/ribut$ by vibrat+ roll]s & cyl9d]s4 ,! full capacity ( ! ma*9e1 :5 pr9t+ all black1 on six rolls1 is #if1jjj twelve-page pap]s p] h\r1 & o!r numb]s ( pages at proportionate spe$s1 namely1 f\r1 six1 eight & t5-page pap]s1 at ! same spe$ z twelve-page2 f\rte5 & sixte5-page pap]s at #gb1jjj p] h\r2 eighte51 tw5ty1 tw5ty-two & tw5ty-f\r page pap]s at #dh1jjj p] h\r4 ,! ?ree webs f ea* portion ( ! ma*9e are l$ to ! top ( ! fold]s1 :]e !y are divid$ along _! c5tre l9e into webs two pages wide1 & !n run d[n ea* ( ! f\r 8=m]s10 by :i* !y are fold$ along _! c5tre4 ,!y are !n l$ ?r\gh cyl9d]s :i* cut !m into page l5g?s & give !m a fold across ! page to half-page size4 ,9 ?is way tw5ty-f\r page pap]s may be obta9$ at ! rate ( #dh1jjj copies p] h\r1 by collect+ two twelve-page sections on ! cyl9d] j be=e ! half-page fold is made4 ,ano!r me?od ( runn+ tw5ty-f\r page pap]s is to associate ! six webs1 f bo? portions ( ! ma*9e1 & run !m ov] "o pair ( 8=m]s10 ?us fold+ all six webs toge!r1 or insett+ !m1 9 ! fir/ fold4 ,less] numb] ( pages may be obta9$ by mak+ v>i\s comb9ations1 ! numb] ( :i* is almo/ limitless4 ,angle b>s are plac$ 9 ! ma*9e = transf]r+ half-wid? webs ( pap] f "o side ( ! press to ! o!r1 facilitat+ ^! comb9ations4 ,! maximum product ( ! ma*9e :5 runn+ z a color press is #dh1jjj sixte5-page pap]s p] h\r1 ) ! two outside pages pr9t$ 9 f\r colors & black2 ! o!r pages 9 black only4 ,if1 h[ev]1 x is n desir$ to h s _m colors on ! outside pages1 x is possible to obta9 tw5ty-page pap]s1 at ! rate ( #dh1jjj p] h\r1 ) ! two outside pages 9 two colors & black2 all ! o!r pages 9 black only4 ,pap]s ) any numb] ( pages f f\r to sixte51 ) f\r colors & black on ! outside pages1 ! o!r pages 9 black only1 c be obta9$ at a spe$ ( #dh1jjj p] h\r4 ,by runn+ ! full product ( ! color section ( ! ma*9e into "o fold] & associat+ !re) webs ( pap] f ! o!r section ( ! ma*9e1 pap]s ) any numb] ( pages f eight to tw5ty-f\r1 ) ! two outside pages & two ( ! inside pages pr9t$ 9 f\r colors & black1 ! o!r pages 9 black only1 c be produc$ at a spe$ ( #bd1jjj p] h\r4 ,! dim5sions ( ?is ma*9e are z foll[s3 ,l5g?1 #ce feet2 height1 #ag feet2 wid?1 #i feet2 ! weight1 ab\t #bbe1jjj p\nds2 & ! numb] ( p>ts ( :i* x is compos$1 approximately #ej1jjj4 ,! la/ ?ree or f\r ye>s h also witness$ an imm5se advance 9 ! art ( color pr9t+4 ,! magaz9e )\t an elaborate color cov]1 or p]haps color$ illu/rations1 is n[ an exception1 :]eas x 0 ! rev]se n long ago4 ,aft] satisfactory exp]im5ts x 0 asc]ta9$ by ! writ] t1 ) ! inks prop]ly prep>$1 & suitable plates to pr9t f1 colors c\ld be pr9t$ almo/ simultane\sly ^u ! pap]1 )\t m+l+2 9 %ort t ! suppos$ necessity1 9 mu* ( ! "w done1 ( dry+ ! %eets aft] ! impression ( ea* color on ! pap]1 0 n necess>y = ! production ( a good quality ( pr9t+4 ,fur!r exp]im5ts also prov$ ! me*anical possibility ( obta9+ mo/ accurate regi/] 9 pr9t+ f a roll & t ! numb] ( impressions1 or colors1 c\ld be increas$ to advantage4 ,^! v>i\s exp]im5ts result$ 9 ! con/ruction by ,hoe ,co4 ( color presses :i* 7 almo/ simultane\sly in/all$ by ! proprietors ( ! ,new ,york 8,h]ald0 & ! ,new ,york 8,_w10 :o comm5c$ ! publication ( color$ supplem5ts1 ^u a sy/em :i* has be5 adopt$ by ! pap]s 9 mo/ ( ! l>ge cities1 & :i* !y h nev] discont9u$4 ,! practicability ( pr9t+ 9 colors has be5 s fully demon/rat$ t color atta*m5ts are be+ add$ to v _m ( ! l>ge newspap] presses ?r\gh\t ! c\ntry4 ,! mo/ ext5sive ( ! color presses1 & ! l>ge/ pr9t+ ma*9e ev] con/ruct$1 is ! color press made by ,hoe ,co4 = ! ,new ,york 8,j\rnal0 & n[ us$ 9 pr9t+ portions ( ! ,sunday editions ( t pap]1 al?\gh o!rs ( approximate proportions & capacity h be5 made = ! ,new ,york 8,_w10 ! ,new ,york 8,h]ald10 ! ,*icago 8,tribune10 ! ,bo/on 8,po/0 & o!r newspap]s4 ,?is ma*9e gives z _m z elev5 sep>ate impressions1 or colors1 on a s+le copy ( ! pap]2 t is1 x w pr9t 9 six colors on "o side ( ! %eet & five on ! o!r1 or x may be arrang$ to pr9t ?ree colors on "o side & six on ! o!r1 giv+ a spe$ ( ab\t #af1jjj eight-page pap]s an h\r1 or at e revolution ( ! cyl9d]s ! equival5t ( two p]fect eight-page pap]s pr9t$ 9 colors4 ,f\r1 six1 eight1 t51 twelve1 f\rte51 sixte51 tw5ty1 tw5ty-f\r1 tw5ty-eight or ?irty-two-page pap]s may be pr9t$ on ?is ma*9e1 z requir$1 f "o1 two or ?ree d\ble-wid? 7or f\r-page-wide7 rolls ( pap]4 ,x w also produce magaz9e =ms 7) pages half ! size ( ^? ( ! regul> issue ( ! pap]7 at f #af1jjj to #bd1jjj an h\r1 ei!r #af1 #bj1 #bd1 #bh1 #cb1 #dj or #dh pages1 deliv]$ fold$1 cut1 & automatically wire-/it*$1 ) all ! pages pr9t$ 9 colors or half-tones4 ,su* a developm5t ( ! art ( pr9t+1 especially 9 colors1 9 :i* accurate regi/] is n only necess>y1 b mu/ be ma9ta9$1 w\ld h seem$ incr$ible a few ye>s ago1 b ?is is n[ a daily occurr5ce & _m newspap] (fices produce color$ supplem5ts 9 ! same mann] & ) ! same results1 hav+ additions plac$ ^u _! quadruple1 sextuple & o!r presses = ! purpose4 ,illu/ration3 8,,colli]',s ,,weekly0 ,,press ,nor has ?is developm5t ( colors be5 conf9$ entirely to ! dem&s ( ! newspap] _w4 ,x is gradually f9d+ its way into ! weekly p]iodical & ! mon?ly magaz9es4 ,x _h be5 consid]$ impossible to pr9t half-tone illu/rations on bo? sides ( ! %eet at "o op]ation & deliv] !m flat1 )\t smutt+4 ,n only has ?is difficulty be5 ov]come1 b 9 ! late/ presses1 su* z us$ by ,colli]'s ,weekly1 ! f9e/ half-tone "w is done on a p]fect+ press pr9t+ on a roll ( pap]4 ,! p]iodical is pr9t$ 9 multiple pages1 z requir$1 & deliv]$ f ! ma*9e fold$1 cut ap>t & pa/$1 ready = ! b9d]4 ,x is n desirable1 ( c\rse1 :5 us+ f9e inks1 to make imm$iate deliv]y f ! press2 !re=e ! pap]s1 aft] hav+ be5 p]fect$1 fold$ & pa/$1 are left to /& = "s h\rs be=e !y are di/ribut$ to ! read]s4 ,satisfactory me?ods ( do+ ?is h also be5 devis$4 ,! capacity = pr9t+ f9e half-tone illu/rations on a rot>y press hav+ ?us be5 demon/rat$ ! next /ep is evid5tly ! production ( color$ half-tones1 & ! "t is und\bt$ly ne> at h& :5 ! mon?ly magaz9e z well z ! weekly p]iodical w appe>1 in/ead ( 9 black half-tones1 n[ s popul>1 ) ^! same illu/rations pr9t$ 9 ! mo/ delicate mann] 9 colors & all deliv]$ 9 p]fection f rot>y presses1 fold$ 9 entirety1 or 9 signatures1 ready = ! b9d]4 ,x mu/ n[ be evid5t to e exp]i5c$ obs]v] t ! "t has arriv$ :5 pr9t+ ^u ! rot>y sy/em w 9 a l>ge measure sup]s$e t n[ done ^u flat-b$ cyl9d] presses1 al?\gh ! latt] w always be reta9$ = "s k9ds ( "w4 ,satisfactory me?ods w be devis$ = atta*+ ^u ! cyl9d]s electrotype or /]eotype plates ( v>y+ sizes4 ,9 addition to ?is1 new & improv$ me?ods are con/antly be+ br\ght =w>d = ! transf]r+ ( type =ms1 photographs & illu/rations ( e description1 ^u prep>$ %eets ( metal1 :i* receive ! ink & give impressions ei!r f a rais$ surface1 z 9 ! ord9>y lett]-press pr9t+1 or 9 ! mann] ( li?ographic pr9t+4 ,^! & o!r new me?ods ( mak+ plates w und\bt$ly lead 9 ! future to great economy1 z well z to important improvem5ts 9 ! process ( pr9t+4 ,,rob]t ,,hoe4 ,illu/ration3 7,colophon7 ,illu/ration3 7,,f ,,m$al ,,by ,,s*>ff7 ,transcrib]'s ,notes ,! ,li/ ( ,illu/rations at ! beg9n+ ( ! book 0 creat$ by ! transcrib]4 ,placem5t ( ,illu/rations h be5 slightly adju/$ to bett] coord9ate ) ! text4 ,inconsi/5cies 9 hyph5ation & spell+ su* z 8flat-b$_/flat b$0 & 8lett]-press_/lett]press0 h be5 ma9ta9$4 ,page #ca3 ,add$ d\ble quote to 8,d\ble04