Library / Engineering & Technology / A short history of the printing press and of the improvements in printing machinery from the time of Gutenberg up to the present day / Braille
A short history of the printing press and of the improvements in printing machinery from the time of Gutenberg up to the present day ⠃⠗⠋ braille edition
Grade 2 — contracted English braille (EBAE-compatible subset). Translated on this server by our own braille engine (BRF — Braille Ready Format, Library of Congress fdd000551). View Grade 1 instead.
Download .brf — Grade 2 Download .brf — Grade 1 Plain-text reader .txt
77,114 braille cells · 81 embossed pages at 40×25 · 127 unrepresentable characters omitted
⠊⠝⠞⠕⠀⠀⠮⠍⠂⠀⠱⠊⠡⠀⠶⠀⠝⠥⠍⠃⠻⠫⠀⠃⠽⠀⠮⠀⠎⠉⠕⠗⠑⠂⠀⠸⠓⠀⠸⠮ ⠀⠊⠝⠋⠇⠥⠢⠉⠑⠀⠔⠀⠮⠀⠀⠊⠍⠏⠗⠕⠧⠑⠍⠢⠞⠎⠀⠱⠊⠡⠀⠶⠀⠍⠁⠙⠑⠀⠘⠥ ⠀⠏⠗⠑⠎⠎⠑⠎⠀⠿⠀⠮⠀⠏⠗⠔⠞⠬⠀⠷⠀⠺⠑⠑⠅⠇⠽⠀⠀⠝⠑⠺⠎⠏⠁⠏⠻⠎⠂⠀ ⠏⠻⠊⠕⠙⠊⠉⠁⠇⠎⠀⠯⠀⠍⠁⠛⠁⠵⠔⠑⠎⠲⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠊⠇⠇⠥⠌⠗⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠒⠀ ⠠⠠⠹⠗⠑⠑⠀⠠⠠⠏⠁⠛⠑⠀⠠⠠⠺⠊⠙⠑⠀⠠⠠⠏⠗⠑⠎⠎⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠔⠀⠼⠁⠓⠓⠓ ⠀⠴⠀⠊⠝⠞⠗⠕⠙⠥⠉⠫⠀⠁⠀⠏⠁⠞⠢⠞⠫⠀⠠⠓⠕⠑⠀⠍⠁⠡⠔⠑⠀⠉⠁⠇⠇⠫⠀⠮ ⠀⠀⠦⠠⠹⠗⠑⠑⠤⠏⠁⠛⠑⠤⠺⠊⠙⠑⠀⠠⠏⠗⠑⠎⠎⠲⠴⠀⠠⠭⠀⠓⠁⠎⠀⠁⠀ ⠉⠁⠏⠁⠉⠊⠞⠽⠀⠷⠀⠏⠗⠔⠞⠬⠂⠀⠏⠻⠋⠑⠉⠞⠬⠀⠀⠯⠀⠙⠑⠇⠊⠧⠻⠬⠀ ⠞⠺⠕⠤⠏⠁⠛⠑⠀⠏⠁⠏⠻⠎⠂⠀⠾⠀⠐⠕⠀⠋⠕⠇⠙⠂⠀⠁⠞⠀⠮⠀⠗⠁⠞⠑⠀⠷⠀ ⠼⠋⠚⠂⠚⠚⠚⠀⠀⠏⠻⠀⠓⠳⠗⠆⠀⠋⠳⠗⠤⠏⠁⠛⠑⠀⠏⠁⠏⠻⠎⠂⠀⠾⠀⠞⠺⠕⠀ ⠋⠕⠇⠙⠎⠂⠀⠁⠞⠀⠼⠃⠙⠂⠚⠚⠚⠀⠏⠻⠀⠓⠳⠗⠂⠀⠀⠎⠊⠭⠤⠏⠁⠛⠑⠀ ⠏⠁⠏⠻⠎⠀⠁⠞⠀⠼⠃⠙⠂⠚⠚⠚⠀⠏⠻⠀⠓⠳⠗⠆⠀⠑⠊⠛⠓⠞⠤⠏⠁⠛⠑⠀ ⠏⠁⠏⠻⠎⠂⠀⠋⠕⠇⠙⠫⠀⠞⠺⠊⠉⠑⠂⠀⠀⠕⠗⠀⠞⠕⠀⠉⠜⠗⠊⠻⠀⠎⠊⠵⠑⠂⠀ ⠁⠞⠀⠼⠁⠃⠂⠚⠚⠚⠀⠏⠻⠀⠓⠳⠗⠂⠀⠯⠀⠞⠺⠑⠇⠧⠑⠤⠏⠁⠛⠑⠀⠏⠁⠏⠻⠎⠂⠀ ⠋⠕⠇⠙⠫⠀⠔⠀⠮⠀⠎⠁⠍⠑⠀⠍⠁⠝⠝⠻⠀⠵⠀⠮⠀⠑⠊⠛⠓⠞⠤⠏⠁⠛⠑⠂⠀⠁⠞⠀ ⠮⠀⠎⠁⠍⠑⠀⠎⠏⠑⠫⠂⠀⠧⠊⠵⠲⠂⠀⠀⠼⠁⠃⠂⠚⠚⠚⠀⠏⠻⠀⠓⠳⠗⠆⠀⠁⠇⠇⠀ ⠮⠀⠎⠥⠏⠏⠇⠑⠍⠢⠞⠀⠩⠑⠑⠞⠎⠀⠃⠑⠬⠀⠊⠝⠎⠑⠞⠀⠯⠀⠏⠁⠌⠫⠀⠊⠋⠀⠀ ⠙⠑⠎⠊⠗⠫⠲⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠮⠀⠏⠗⠕⠍⠔⠢⠞⠀⠋⠑⠁⠞⠥⠗⠑⠎⠀⠷⠀⠹⠊⠎⠀ ⠍⠁⠡⠔⠑⠀⠁⠗⠑⠒⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠮⠀⠕⠥⠞⠎⠊⠙⠑⠀⠏⠁⠛⠑⠎⠀⠍⠁⠽⠀ ⠗⠑⠉⠑⠊⠧⠑⠀⠮⠀⠋⠊⠗⠌⠀⠕⠗⠀⠮⠀⠇⠁⠌⠀⠊⠍⠏⠗⠑⠎⠎⠊⠕⠝⠀⠁⠞⠀⠀ ⠺⠂⠀⠹⠥⠎⠀⠑⠝⠁⠃⠇⠬⠀⠇⠜⠛⠑⠀⠉⠥⠞⠎⠀⠯⠀⠕⠮⠗⠀⠎⠊⠍⠊⠇⠜⠀⠐⠺⠀ ⠞⠕⠀⠃⠑⠀⠏⠗⠔⠞⠫⠀⠀⠾⠳⠞⠀⠷⠋⠎⠑⠞⠲⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠛⠗⠊⠏⠏⠻⠎⠀⠯⠀ ⠓⠕⠗⠊⠵⠕⠝⠞⠁⠇⠀⠋⠕⠇⠙⠬⠀⠅⠝⠊⠧⠑⠎⠀⠯⠀⠁⠇⠇⠀⠞⠁⠏⠑⠎⠀⠃⠀ ⠩⠕⠗⠞⠀⠀⠇⠑⠁⠙⠻⠎⠀⠁⠗⠑⠀⠙⠕⠝⠑⠀⠁⠺⠁⠽⠀⠾⠀⠔⠀⠮⠀⠙⠑⠇⠊⠧⠻⠽ ⠀⠯⠀⠋⠕⠇⠙⠬⠀⠍⠑⠡⠁⠝⠊⠎⠍⠎⠂⠀⠀⠮⠀⠍⠕⠧⠑⠍⠢⠞⠎⠀⠃⠑⠬⠀⠁⠇⠇⠀
These are the same pages the .brf download embosses — form-feed breaks and all. BRF opens in braille software (Duxbury, BrailleBlaster), on embossers, and on refreshable displays.