Skip to contentSkip to Braille Studio

Library / Philosophy / The Philosophical Theory of the State / Braille

The Philosophical Theory of the State ⠃⠗⠋ braille edition

Grade 1 — uncontracted, letter-for-letter. Translated on this server by our own braille engine (BRF — Braille Ready Format, Library of Congress fdd000551). View Grade 2 instead.

Download .brf — Grade 2 Download .brf — Grade 1 Plain-text reader .txt

597,264 braille cells · 633 embossed pages at 40×25 · 2,230 unrepresentable characters omitted

⠀⠑⠭⠑⠗⠉⠊⠎⠑⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠏⠕⠺⠑⠗⠀⠁⠗⠑⠀⠝⠕⠞⠀⠁⠇⠺⠁⠽⠎⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠀
⠎⠁⠍⠑⠀⠏⠑⠕⠏⠇⠑⠀⠺⠊⠞⠓⠀⠞⠓⠕⠎⠑⠀⠕⠧⠑⠗⠀⠺⠓⠕⠍⠀⠊⠞⠀⠊⠎⠀
⠑⠭⠑⠗⠉⠊⠎⠑⠙⠆⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠀⠀⠀⠄⠎⠑⠇⠋⠤⠛⠕⠧⠑⠗⠝⠍⠑⠝⠞⠄⠀
⠎⠏⠕⠅⠑⠝⠀⠕⠋⠀⠊⠎⠀⠝⠕⠞⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠛⠕⠧⠑⠗⠝⠍⠑⠝⠞⠀⠕⠋⠀⠑⠁⠉⠓⠀
⠃⠽⠀⠓⠊⠍⠎⠑⠇⠋⠂⠀⠃⠥⠞⠀⠕⠋⠀⠑⠁⠉⠓⠀⠃⠽⠀⠁⠇⠇⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠗⠑⠎⠞⠲
⠀⠠⠞⠓⠑⠀⠼⠛⠑⠀⠺⠊⠇⠇⠀⠕⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠏⠑⠕⠏⠇⠑⠂⠀
⠍⠕⠗⠑⠕⠧⠑⠗⠂⠀⠏⠗⠁⠉⠞⠊⠉⠁⠇⠇⠽⠀⠍⠑⠁⠝⠎⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠺⠊⠇⠇⠀⠕⠋⠀
⠞⠓⠑⠀⠀⠀⠀⠍⠕⠎⠞⠀⠝⠥⠍⠑⠗⠕⠥⠎⠀⠕⠗⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠍⠕⠎⠞⠀⠁⠉⠞⠊⠧⠑⠀
⠏⠁⠗⠞⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠏⠑⠕⠏⠇⠑⠆⠀⠀⠀⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠍⠁⠚⠕⠗⠊⠞⠽⠂⠀⠕⠗⠀
⠞⠓⠕⠎⠑⠀⠺⠓⠕⠀⠎⠥⠉⠉⠑⠑⠙⠀⠊⠝⠀⠍⠁⠅⠊⠝⠛⠀⠞⠓⠑⠍⠎⠑⠇⠧⠑⠎⠀⠀
⠁⠉⠉⠑⠏⠞⠑⠙⠀⠁⠎⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠍⠁⠚⠕⠗⠊⠞⠽⠀⠲⠲⠲⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀
⠏⠗⠑⠉⠁⠥⠞⠊⠕⠝⠎⠀⠁⠗⠑⠀⠁⠎⠀⠀⠀⠀⠍⠥⠉⠓⠀⠝⠑⠑⠙⠑⠙⠀
⠁⠛⠁⠊⠝⠎⠞⠀⠞⠓⠊⠎⠀⠁⠎⠀⠁⠛⠁⠊⠝⠎⠞⠀⠁⠝⠽⠀⠕⠞⠓⠑⠗⠀⠁⠃⠥⠎⠑⠀
⠕⠋⠀⠏⠕⠺⠑⠗⠲⠀⠠⠞⠓⠑⠀⠇⠊⠍⠊⠞⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠂⠀⠞⠓⠑⠗⠑⠋⠕⠗⠑⠂⠀⠕⠋
⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠏⠕⠺⠑⠗⠀⠕⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠛⠕⠧⠑⠗⠝⠍⠑⠝⠞⠀⠇⠕⠎⠑⠎⠀⠝⠕⠝⠑⠀
⠕⠋⠀⠊⠞⠎⠀⠊⠍⠏⠕⠗⠞⠁⠝⠉⠑⠀⠺⠓⠑⠝⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠓⠕⠇⠙⠑⠗⠎⠀⠀⠀⠀⠕⠋
⠀⠏⠕⠺⠑⠗⠀⠁⠗⠑⠀⠗⠑⠛⠥⠇⠁⠗⠇⠽⠀⠁⠉⠉⠕⠥⠝⠞⠁⠃⠇⠑⠀⠞⠕⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀
⠉⠕⠍⠍⠥⠝⠊⠞⠽⠂⠀⠞⠓⠁⠞⠀⠀⠀⠀⠊⠎⠂⠀⠞⠕⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠎⠞⠗⠕⠝⠛⠑⠎⠞⠀
⠏⠁⠗⠞⠽⠀⠞⠓⠑⠗⠑⠊⠝⠲⠀⠲⠲⠲⠀⠠⠊⠝⠀⠏⠕⠇⠊⠞⠊⠉⠁⠇⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠎⠏⠑⠉⠥⠇⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠎⠂⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠼⠦⠞⠽⠗⠁⠝⠝⠽⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀
⠍⠁⠚⠕⠗⠊⠞⠽⠄⠀⠊⠎⠀⠝⠕⠺⠀⠀⠀⠀⠛⠑⠝⠑⠗⠁⠇⠇⠽⠀⠊⠝⠉⠇⠥⠙⠑⠙⠀
⠁⠍⠕⠝⠛⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠑⠧⠊⠇⠎⠀⠁⠛⠁⠊⠝⠎⠞⠀⠺⠓⠊⠉⠓⠀⠎⠕⠉⠊⠑⠞⠽⠀⠀⠀
⠗⠑⠟⠥⠊⠗⠑⠎⠀⠞⠕⠀⠃⠑⠀⠕⠝⠀⠊⠞⠎⠀⠛⠥⠁⠗⠙⠲⠴⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠞⠓⠑⠀
⠏⠁⠗⠁⠙⠕⠭⠀⠕⠋⠀⠎⠑⠇⠋⠤⠛⠕⠧⠑⠗⠝⠍⠑⠝⠞⠀⠞⠓⠑⠝⠂⠀⠎⠕⠀⠋⠁⠗⠀
⠋⠗⠕⠍⠀⠃⠑⠊⠝⠛⠀⠞⠓⠑⠕⠗⠑⠞⠊⠉⠁⠇⠇⠽⠀⠀⠎⠕⠇⠧⠑⠙⠀⠃⠽⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀

These are the same pages the .brf download embosses — form-feed breaks and all. BRF opens in braille software (Duxbury, BrailleBlaster), on embossers, and on refreshable displays.