Skip to contentSkip to Braille Studio

Library / Philosophy / L'origine della Famiglia della Proprietà privata e dello Stato / Braille

L'origine della Famiglia della Proprietà privata e dello Stato ⠃⠗⠋ braille edition

Grade 1 — uncontracted, letter-for-letter. Translated on this server by our own braille engine (BRF — Braille Ready Format, Library of Congress fdd000551). View Grade 2 instead.

Download .brf — Grade 2 Download .brf — Grade 1 Plain-text reader .txt

446,853 braille cells · 478 embossed pages at 40×25 · 4,670 unrepresentable characters omitted

⠀⠀⠠⠊⠝⠎⠕⠍⠍⠁⠂⠀⠇⠁⠀⠙⠊⠋⠑⠎⠁⠀⠙⠊⠀⠠⠍⠁⠉⠀⠠⠇⠑⠝⠝⠁⠝⠀⠋⠥
⠀⠟⠥⠁⠝⠞⠕⠀⠍⠁⠊⠀⠙⠑⠃⠕⠇⠑⠀⠑⠀⠍⠑⠎⠉⠓⠊⠝⠁⠲⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠠⠗⠊⠍⠁⠝⠑⠧⠁⠀⠏⠑⠗⠀⠁⠝⠉⠕⠗⠁⠀⠥⠝⠀⠏⠥⠝⠞⠕⠂⠀⠎⠥⠀⠉⠥⠊⠀
⠑⠛⠇⠊⠀⠝⠕⠝⠀⠑⠗⠁⠀⠎⠞⠁⠞⠕⠀⠃⠁⠞⠞⠥⠞⠕⠲⠀⠀⠠⠝⠕⠝⠀⠎⠕⠇⠕⠀
⠇⠄⠁⠝⠞⠊⠞⠑⠎⠊⠀⠙⠊⠀⠞⠗⠊⠃⠀⠑⠎⠕⠛⠁⠍⠑⠀⠑⠙⠀⠑⠝⠙⠕⠛⠁⠍⠑⠂⠀
⠎⠥⠇⠇⠁⠀⠟⠥⠁⠇⠑⠀⠎⠊⠀⠀⠋⠕⠝⠙⠁⠧⠁⠀⠞⠥⠞⠞⠕⠀⠊⠇⠀⠎⠥⠕⠀
⠎⠊⠎⠞⠑⠍⠁⠂⠀⠝⠕⠝⠀⠑⠗⠁⠀⠎⠞⠁⠞⠁⠀⠎⠉⠕⠎⠎⠁⠂⠀⠍⠁⠀⠑⠗⠁⠀
⠞⠥⠞⠞⠁⠧⠊⠁⠀⠀⠟⠥⠁⠎⠊⠀⠛⠑⠝⠑⠗⠁⠇⠍⠑⠝⠞⠑⠀⠉⠕⠝⠎⠊⠙⠑⠗⠁⠞⠁
⠀⠉⠕⠍⠑⠀⠊⠇⠀⠉⠁⠗⠙⠊⠝⠑⠀⠙⠊⠀⠞⠥⠞⠞⠁⠀⠇⠁⠀⠎⠞⠕⠗⠊⠁⠀
⠙⠑⠇⠇⠁⠀⠀⠋⠁⠍⠊⠛⠇⠊⠁⠲⠀⠠⠎⠊⠀⠁⠍⠍⠑⠞⠞⠑⠧⠁⠀⠃⠑⠝⠎⠀⠉⠓⠑⠀
⠊⠇⠀⠞⠑⠝⠞⠁⠞⠊⠧⠕⠀⠙⠊⠀⠠⠍⠁⠉⠀⠠⠇⠑⠝⠝⠁⠝⠀⠙⠊⠀⠎⠏⠊⠑⠛⠁⠗⠑
⠀⠀⠟⠥⠑⠎⠞⠄⠁⠝⠞⠊⠞⠑⠎⠊⠀⠋⠕⠎⠎⠑⠀⠊⠝⠎⠥⠋⠋⠊⠉⠊⠑⠝⠞⠑⠀⠑⠀
⠊⠝⠀⠉⠕⠝⠞⠗⠁⠙⠙⠊⠵⠊⠕⠝⠑⠀⠉⠕⠊⠀⠝⠥⠍⠑⠗⠕⠎⠊⠀⠀⠋⠁⠞⠞⠊⠀⠙⠁
⠀⠇⠥⠊⠀⠍⠑⠙⠑⠎⠊⠍⠕⠀⠉⠊⠞⠁⠞⠊⠒⠀⠍⠁⠀⠇⠄⠁⠝⠞⠊⠞⠑⠎⠊⠀
⠎⠞⠑⠎⠎⠁⠂⠀⠇⠄⠑⠎⠊⠎⠞⠑⠝⠵⠁⠀⠙⠊⠀⠙⠥⠑⠀⠀⠙⠊⠧⠑⠗⠎⠑⠀
⠎⠏⠑⠉⠊⠑⠀⠙⠊⠀⠞⠗⠊⠃⠂⠀⠥⠝⠁⠀⠙⠑⠇⠇⠑⠀⠟⠥⠁⠇⠊⠀⠏⠗⠑⠝⠙⠑⠧⠁
⠀⠇⠑⠀⠎⠥⠑⠀⠍⠕⠛⠇⠊⠀⠝⠑⠇⠇⠁⠀⠀⠞⠗⠊⠃⠂⠀⠍⠑⠝⠞⠗⠑⠀⠉⠊⠀⠑⠗⠁
⠀⠁⠎⠎⠕⠇⠥⠞⠁⠍⠑⠝⠞⠑⠀⠧⠊⠑⠞⠁⠞⠕⠀⠁⠇⠇⠄⠁⠇⠞⠗⠁⠂⠀
⠟⠥⠑⠎⠞⠄⠁⠝⠞⠊⠞⠑⠎⠊⠀⠀⠑⠗⠁⠀⠉⠕⠝⠎⠊⠙⠑⠗⠁⠞⠁⠀⠧⠁⠝⠛⠑⠇⠕⠀
⠊⠝⠉⠕⠝⠞⠑⠎⠞⠁⠃⠊⠇⠑⠲⠀⠠⠉⠕⠝⠎⠥⠇⠞⠊⠝⠎⠊⠀⠏⠑⠗⠀
⠑⠎⠑⠍⠏⠊⠕⠒⠀⠀⠠⠇⠑⠎⠀⠕⠗⠊⠛⠊⠝⠑⠎⠀⠙⠑⠀⠇⠁⠀⠋⠁⠍⠊⠇⠇⠑⠀⠙⠊
⠀⠠⠠⠛⠊⠗⠁⠥⠙⠤⠠⠠⠞⠑⠥⠇⠕⠝⠀⠶⠼⠁⠓⠛⠙⠶⠀⠑⠀⠠⠕⠗⠊⠛⠊⠝⠀⠕⠋⠀
⠉⠊⠧⠊⠇⠊⠵⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠙⠊⠀⠠⠠⠇⠥⠃⠃⠕⠉⠅⠀⠶⠼⠙⠲⠀⠑⠙⠊⠵⠊⠕⠝⠑⠂
⠀⠼⠁⠓⠓⠃⠶⠲⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠕⠗⠀⠟⠥⠊⠀⠛⠊⠥⠝⠛⠑⠀⠁⠀⠃⠥⠕⠝⠀⠏⠥⠝⠞⠕⠀
⠇⠄⠕⠏⠑⠗⠁⠀⠉⠁⠏⠊⠞⠁⠇⠑⠀⠙⠊⠀⠠⠠⠍⠕⠗⠛⠁⠝⠒⠀⠠⠁⠝⠉⠊⠑⠝⠞⠀⠀

These are the same pages the .brf download embosses — form-feed breaks and all. BRF opens in braille software (Duxbury, BrailleBlaster), on embossers, and on refreshable displays.