Skip to contentSkip to Braille Studio

Library / Philosophy / L'origine della Famiglia della Proprietà privata e dello Stato / Braille

L'origine della Famiglia della Proprietà privata e dello Stato ⠃⠗⠋ braille edition

Grade 1 — uncontracted, letter-for-letter. Translated on this server by our own braille engine (BRF — Braille Ready Format, Library of Congress fdd000551). View Grade 2 instead.

Download .brf — Grade 2 Download .brf — Grade 1 Plain-text reader .txt

446,853 braille cells · 478 embossed pages at 40×25 · 4,670 unrepresentable characters omitted

⠞⠕⠇⠇⠑⠗⠁⠝⠵⠁⠀⠙⠑⠊⠀⠍⠁⠎⠉⠓⠊⠀⠁⠙⠥⠇⠞⠊⠂⠀⠀⠇⠄⠁⠎⠎⠑⠝⠵⠁
⠀⠙⠊⠀⠛⠑⠇⠕⠎⠊⠁⠂⠀⠑⠗⠁⠀⠇⠁⠀⠏⠗⠊⠍⠁⠀⠉⠕⠝⠙⠊⠵⠊⠕⠝⠑⠀
⠏⠑⠗⠉⠓⠀⠎⠊⠀⠏⠕⠞⠑⠎⠎⠑⠗⠕⠀⠀⠋⠕⠗⠍⠁⠗⠑⠀⠉⠕⠞⠑⠎⠞⠊⠀
⠛⠗⠁⠝⠙⠊⠀⠑⠀⠎⠞⠁⠃⠊⠇⠊⠀⠛⠗⠥⠏⠏⠊⠂⠀⠏⠑⠗⠀⠍⠑⠵⠵⠕⠀⠙⠑⠄⠀
⠟⠥⠁⠇⠊⠀⠎⠕⠇⠞⠁⠝⠞⠕⠀⠀⠎⠊⠀⠏⠕⠞⠑⠧⠁⠀⠑⠋⠋⠑⠞⠞⠥⠁⠗⠑⠀⠊⠇⠀
⠏⠁⠎⠎⠁⠛⠛⠊⠕⠀⠙⠁⠇⠇⠄⠁⠝⠊⠍⠁⠇⠊⠞⠀⠁⠇⠇⠄⠥⠍⠁⠝⠊⠞⠲⠀⠠⠑⠂⠀
⠊⠝⠋⠁⠞⠞⠊⠂⠀⠟⠥⠁⠇⠄⠀⠇⠁⠀⠋⠕⠗⠍⠁⠀⠙⠊⠀⠋⠁⠍⠊⠛⠇⠊⠁⠀⠏⠊⠀
⠁⠝⠞⠊⠉⠁⠀⠑⠀⠏⠗⠊⠍⠊⠞⠊⠧⠁⠂⠀⠙⠊⠀⠉⠥⠊⠀⠀⠇⠁⠀⠎⠞⠕⠗⠊⠁⠀⠉⠊
⠀⠍⠕⠎⠞⠗⠁⠀⠊⠝⠉⠕⠝⠋⠥⠞⠁⠃⠊⠇⠍⠑⠝⠞⠑⠀⠇⠄⠑⠎⠊⠎⠞⠑⠝⠵⠁⠂⠀⠑
⠀⠉⠓⠑⠂⠀⠟⠥⠀⠑⠀⠇⠂⠀⠀⠏⠕⠎⠎⠊⠁⠍⠕⠀⠁⠝⠉⠕⠗⠁⠀⠕⠛⠛⠊⠀
⠎⠞⠥⠙⠊⠁⠗⠑⠦⠀⠠⠊⠇⠀⠉⠕⠝⠝⠥⠃⠊⠕⠀⠏⠑⠗⠀⠛⠗⠥⠏⠏⠊⠂⠀⠇⠁⠀
⠋⠕⠗⠍⠁⠀⠝⠑⠇⠇⠁⠀⠀⠟⠥⠁⠇⠑⠀⠊⠝⠞⠑⠗⠊⠀⠛⠗⠥⠏⠏⠊⠀⠙⠊⠀
⠥⠕⠍⠊⠝⠊⠀⠑⠀⠊⠝⠞⠑⠗⠊⠀⠛⠗⠥⠏⠏⠊⠀⠙⠊⠀⠙⠕⠝⠝⠑⠀⠎⠊⠀
⠏⠕⠎⠎⠑⠛⠛⠕⠝⠕⠀⠀⠍⠥⠞⠥⠁⠍⠑⠝⠞⠑⠀⠑⠀⠉⠓⠑⠀⠇⠁⠎⠉⠊⠁⠀⠃⠑⠝⠀
⠏⠕⠉⠕⠀⠉⠁⠍⠏⠕⠀⠁⠇⠇⠁⠀⠛⠑⠇⠕⠎⠊⠁⠲⠀⠠⠑⠀⠙⠊⠀⠏⠊⠂⠀⠝⠕⠊⠀⠀
⠞⠗⠕⠧⠊⠁⠍⠕⠂⠀⠁⠀⠥⠝⠕⠀⠎⠞⠁⠙⠊⠕⠀⠏⠕⠎⠞⠑⠗⠊⠕⠗⠑⠀⠙⠊⠀
⠎⠧⠊⠇⠥⠏⠏⠕⠂⠀⠇⠁⠀⠋⠕⠗⠍⠁⠀⠑⠉⠉⠑⠵⠊⠕⠝⠁⠇⠑⠀⠀⠙⠑⠇⠇⠁⠀
⠏⠕⠇⠊⠁⠝⠙⠗⠊⠁⠂⠀⠉⠓⠑⠀⠑⠎⠉⠇⠥⠙⠑⠀⠁⠎⠎⠕⠇⠥⠞⠁⠍⠑⠝⠞⠑⠀
⠟⠥⠁⠇⠎⠊⠁⠎⠊⠀⠎⠑⠝⠎⠕⠀⠙⠊⠀⠛⠑⠇⠕⠎⠊⠁⠀⠀⠑⠙⠀⠀⠟⠥⠊⠝⠙⠊⠀
⠎⠉⠕⠝⠕⠎⠉⠊⠥⠞⠁⠀⠁⠛⠇⠊⠀⠁⠝⠊⠍⠁⠇⠊⠲⠀⠠⠍⠁⠀⠏⠕⠊⠉⠓⠀⠇⠑⠀
⠋⠕⠗⠍⠑⠀⠁⠀⠝⠕⠊⠀⠝⠕⠞⠑⠀⠙⠑⠇⠀⠀⠉⠕⠝⠝⠥⠃⠊⠕⠀⠏⠑⠗⠀
⠛⠗⠥⠏⠏⠊⠀⠎⠕⠝⠕⠀⠁⠉⠉⠕⠍⠏⠁⠛⠝⠁⠞⠑⠀⠙⠁⠀⠉⠕⠝⠙⠊⠵⠊⠕⠝⠊⠀
⠉⠕⠎⠀⠎⠊⠝⠛⠕⠇⠁⠗⠍⠑⠝⠞⠑⠀⠀⠉⠕⠍⠏⠇⠊⠉⠁⠞⠑⠂⠀⠉⠓⠑⠀⠉⠊⠀
⠗⠊⠉⠕⠝⠙⠥⠉⠕⠝⠕⠀⠙⠊⠀⠝⠑⠉⠑⠎⠎⠊⠞⠀⠁⠀⠋⠕⠗⠍⠑⠀
⠁⠝⠞⠑⠗⠊⠕⠗⠊⠀⠏⠊⠀⠀⠎⠑⠍⠏⠇⠊⠉⠊⠀⠙⠑⠊⠀⠗⠁⠏⠏⠕⠗⠞⠊⠀

These are the same pages the .brf download embosses — form-feed breaks and all. BRF opens in braille software (Duxbury, BrailleBlaster), on embossers, and on refreshable displays.