Library / Education / What Have the Greeks Done for Modern Civilisation? / Braille
What Have the Greeks Done for Modern Civilisation? ⠃⠗⠋ braille edition
Grade 1 — uncontracted, letter-for-letter. Translated on this server by our own braille engine (BRF — Braille Ready Format, Library of Congress fdd000551). View Grade 2 instead.
Download .brf — Grade 2 Download .brf — Grade 1 Plain-text reader .txt
357,963 braille cells · 379 embossed pages at 40×25 · 576 unrepresentable characters omitted
⠏⠗⠕⠧⠑⠗⠃⠊⠁⠇⠀⠏⠓⠊⠇⠕⠎⠕⠏⠓⠽⠀⠑⠭⠏⠗⠑⠎⠎⠑⠙⠀⠊⠝⠀ ⠧⠑⠗⠎⠑⠲⠀⠠⠃⠥⠞⠀⠞⠓⠁⠞⠀⠁⠇⠎⠕⠀⠺⠁⠎⠀⠎⠕⠂⠀⠃⠑⠉⠁⠥⠎⠑⠀⠁⠎ ⠀⠽⠑⠞⠀⠏⠗⠕⠎⠑⠀⠓⠁⠙⠀⠝⠕⠞⠀⠃⠑⠉⠕⠍⠑⠀⠁⠝⠀⠕⠗⠙⠊⠝⠁⠗⠽⠀ ⠧⠑⠓⠊⠉⠇⠑⠀⠕⠋⠀⠺⠗⠊⠞⠊⠝⠛⠂⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠁⠝⠽⠀⠍⠁⠝⠀⠺⠓⠕⠀ ⠙⠑⠎⠊⠗⠑⠙⠀⠞⠕⠀⠞⠑⠁⠉⠓⠂⠀⠎⠥⠉⠓⠀⠁⠎⠀⠠⠎⠕⠇⠕⠝⠂⠀⠕⠗⠀ ⠠⠞⠓⠑⠕⠛⠝⠊⠎⠂⠀⠕⠗⠀⠠⠑⠍⠏⠑⠙⠕⠉⠇⠑⠎⠂⠀⠍⠥⠎⠞⠀⠑⠭⠏⠗⠑⠎⠎⠀ ⠓⠊⠍⠎⠑⠇⠋⠀⠊⠝⠀⠧⠑⠗⠎⠑⠲⠀⠀⠠⠊⠀⠺⠊⠇⠇⠀⠍⠑⠝⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠃⠥⠞⠀ ⠕⠝⠑⠀⠍⠕⠗⠑⠀⠋⠑⠁⠞⠥⠗⠑⠀⠊⠝⠀⠺⠓⠊⠉⠓⠀⠠⠛⠗⠑⠑⠅⠀⠏⠕⠑⠞⠗⠽⠀ ⠓⠁⠙⠀⠕⠃⠧⠊⠕⠥⠎⠇⠽⠀⠁⠝⠀⠁⠙⠧⠁⠝⠞⠁⠛⠑⠀⠕⠧⠑⠗⠀⠍⠕⠙⠑⠗⠝⠀ ⠁⠗⠞⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠎⠁⠍⠑⠀⠅⠊⠝⠙⠲⠀⠠⠃⠑⠊⠝⠛⠀⠁⠇⠍⠕⠎⠞⠀ ⠁⠇⠞⠕⠛⠑⠞⠓⠑⠗⠀⠉⠕⠍⠏⠕⠎⠑⠙⠂⠀⠝⠕⠞⠀⠋⠕⠗⠀⠁⠀⠗⠑⠁⠙⠊⠝⠛⠂⠀ ⠃⠥⠞⠀⠁⠀⠇⠊⠎⠞⠑⠝⠊⠝⠛⠀⠏⠥⠃⠇⠊⠉⠂⠀⠊⠞⠀⠺⠁⠎⠀⠉⠇⠕⠎⠑⠇⠽⠀ ⠁⠎⠎⠕⠉⠊⠁⠞⠑⠙⠀⠺⠊⠞⠓⠀⠕⠞⠓⠑⠗⠀⠁⠗⠞⠎⠂⠀⠑⠎⠏⠑⠉⠊⠁⠇⠇⠽⠀ ⠞⠓⠕⠎⠑⠀⠕⠋⠀⠍⠥⠎⠊⠉⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠙⠁⠝⠉⠊⠝⠛⠂⠀⠎⠕⠀⠁⠎⠀⠞⠕⠀ ⠋⠕⠗⠍⠀⠁⠝⠀⠑⠎⠎⠑⠝⠞⠊⠁⠇⠀⠏⠁⠗⠞⠀⠕⠋⠀⠍⠁⠝⠽⠀⠛⠗⠑⠁⠞⠀ ⠏⠥⠃⠇⠊⠉⠀⠋⠑⠎⠞⠊⠧⠁⠇⠎⠲⠀⠠⠊⠞⠀⠺⠁⠎⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠎⠕⠥⠇⠀⠺⠓⠊⠉⠓ ⠀⠁⠝⠊⠍⠁⠞⠑⠙⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠋⠗⠁⠍⠑⠀⠕⠋⠀⠑⠧⠑⠗⠽⠀⠝⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠁⠇⠀ ⠏⠁⠛⠑⠁⠝⠞⠲⠀⠠⠊⠋⠀⠁⠀⠏⠕⠑⠞⠀⠇⠁⠥⠗⠑⠁⠞⠑⠀⠝⠕⠺⠁⠙⠁⠽⠎⠀⠊⠎ ⠀⠁⠎⠅⠑⠙⠀⠞⠕⠀⠉⠑⠇⠑⠃⠗⠁⠞⠑⠀⠁⠀⠛⠗⠑⠁⠞⠀⠏⠥⠃⠇⠊⠉⠀ ⠕⠉⠉⠁⠎⠊⠕⠝⠀⠃⠽⠀⠁⠀⠏⠕⠑⠍⠂⠀⠓⠑⠀⠺⠗⠊⠞⠑⠎⠀⠁⠝⠀⠕⠙⠑⠀⠕⠗⠀ ⠁⠝⠀⠑⠇⠑⠛⠽⠂⠀⠎⠥⠉⠓⠀⠁⠎⠀⠠⠞⠑⠝⠝⠽⠎⠕⠝⠄⠎⠀⠦⠠⠃⠥⠗⠽⠀⠞⠓⠑ ⠀⠠⠛⠗⠑⠁⠞⠀⠠⠙⠥⠅⠑⠂⠀⠺⠊⠞⠓⠀⠁⠀⠝⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠄⠎⠀ ⠇⠁⠍⠑⠝⠞⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠂⠴⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠎⠑⠝⠙⠎⠀⠊⠞⠀⠕⠥⠞⠀⠞⠕⠀ ⠉⠕⠥⠝⠞⠇⠑⠎⠎⠀⠗⠑⠁⠙⠑⠗⠎⠲⠀⠠⠞⠓⠑⠀⠠⠛⠗⠑⠑⠅⠀⠏⠕⠑⠞⠂⠀⠕⠝⠀ ⠎⠊⠍⠊⠇⠁⠗⠀⠕⠉⠉⠁⠎⠊⠕⠝⠎⠂⠀⠺⠕⠥⠇⠙⠀⠓⠁⠧⠑⠀⠁⠀⠎⠕⠇⠑⠍⠝⠀
These are the same pages the .brf download embosses — form-feed breaks and all. BRF opens in braille software (Duxbury, BrailleBlaster), on embossers, and on refreshable displays.