Library / Education / What Have the Greeks Done for Modern Civilisation? / Braille
What Have the Greeks Done for Modern Civilisation? ⠃⠗⠋ braille edition
Grade 1 — uncontracted, letter-for-letter. Translated on this server by our own braille engine (BRF — Braille Ready Format, Library of Congress fdd000551). View Grade 2 instead.
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357,963 braille cells · 379 embossed pages at 40×25 · 576 unrepresentable characters omitted
⠀⠁⠃⠎⠥⠗⠙⠊⠞⠽⠲⠀⠠⠁⠇⠇⠀⠕⠥⠗⠀⠓⠁⠃⠊⠞⠎⠂⠀⠎⠕⠀⠋⠁⠗⠀⠁⠎⠀ ⠞⠓⠑⠽⠀⠁⠗⠑⠀⠉⠊⠧⠊⠇⠊⠎⠑⠙⠂⠀⠙⠑⠏⠁⠗⠞⠀⠋⠗⠕⠍⠀⠍⠑⠗⠑⠀ ⠝⠁⠞⠥⠗⠑⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠑⠍⠏⠇⠕⠽⠀⠁⠗⠞⠊⠋⠊⠉⠑⠀⠞⠕⠀⠉⠕⠝⠉⠑⠁⠇⠀⠕⠗ ⠀⠊⠍⠏⠗⠕⠧⠑⠀⠊⠞⠲⠀⠠⠊⠋⠀⠁⠝⠽⠀⠕⠋⠀⠽⠕⠥⠀⠉⠁⠍⠑⠀⠓⠑⠗⠑⠀⠊⠝ ⠀⠏⠥⠗⠑⠇⠽⠀⠝⠁⠞⠥⠗⠁⠇⠀⠁⠞⠞⠊⠗⠑⠂⠀⠊⠍⠁⠛⠊⠝⠑⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀ ⠎⠉⠑⠝⠑⠖⠀⠠⠊⠀⠃⠑⠇⠊⠑⠧⠑⠀⠎⠥⠉⠓⠀⠞⠓⠊⠝⠛⠎⠀⠺⠑⠗⠑⠀ ⠁⠞⠞⠑⠍⠏⠞⠑⠙⠀⠊⠝⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠺⠊⠇⠙⠀⠎⠕⠉⠊⠑⠞⠽⠀⠕⠋⠀⠠⠏⠁⠗⠊⠎⠀ ⠊⠝⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠓⠑⠽⠙⠁⠽⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠛⠗⠑⠁⠞⠀⠠⠗⠑⠧⠕⠇⠥⠞⠊⠕⠝⠂⠀ ⠃⠥⠞⠀⠑⠧⠑⠝⠀⠞⠓⠑⠝⠀⠞⠓⠑⠊⠗⠀⠁⠞⠞⠊⠗⠑⠂⠀⠞⠓⠕⠥⠛⠓⠀ ⠊⠝⠋⠑⠗⠊⠕⠗⠀⠊⠝⠀⠟⠥⠁⠝⠞⠊⠞⠽⠂⠀⠺⠁⠎⠀⠊⠝⠀⠟⠥⠁⠇⠊⠞⠽⠀⠝⠕⠞ ⠀⠇⠑⠎⠎⠀⠁⠗⠞⠊⠋⠊⠉⠊⠁⠇⠀⠞⠓⠁⠝⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠕⠏⠊⠝⠊⠕⠝⠎⠀⠕⠋⠀ ⠞⠓⠑⠀⠺⠑⠁⠗⠑⠗⠎⠲⠀⠀⠠⠊⠞⠀⠋⠕⠇⠇⠕⠺⠎⠀⠋⠗⠕⠍⠀⠞⠓⠑⠎⠑⠀ ⠉⠕⠝⠎⠊⠙⠑⠗⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠎⠀⠞⠓⠁⠞⠀⠠⠛⠗⠑⠑⠅⠀⠏⠕⠑⠞⠗⠽⠀⠺⠁⠎⠀ ⠁⠇⠺⠁⠽⠎⠀⠙⠑⠧⠑⠇⠕⠏⠑⠙⠀⠊⠝⠀⠎⠉⠓⠕⠕⠇⠎⠀⠏⠕⠎⠎⠑⠎⠎⠊⠝⠛⠀ ⠋⠊⠭⠑⠙⠀⠞⠗⠁⠙⠊⠞⠊⠕⠝⠎⠂⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠋⠕⠇⠇⠕⠺⠊⠝⠛⠀⠎⠞⠗⠊⠉⠞⠀ ⠇⠁⠺⠎⠀⠃⠕⠞⠓⠀⠊⠝⠀⠍⠑⠞⠗⠑⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠊⠝⠀⠙⠊⠉⠞⠊⠕⠝⠲⠀⠠⠊⠋⠀ ⠁⠝⠽⠀⠍⠁⠝⠀⠞⠓⠕⠥⠛⠓⠞⠀⠞⠕⠀⠃⠗⠑⠁⠅⠀⠇⠕⠕⠎⠑⠀⠋⠗⠕⠍⠀ ⠞⠓⠑⠎⠑⠀⠗⠑⠎⠞⠗⠊⠉⠞⠊⠕⠝⠎⠂⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠺⠗⠊⠞⠑⠀⠊⠝⠀⠁⠀ ⠍⠁⠝⠝⠑⠗⠀⠺⠓⠕⠇⠇⠽⠀⠋⠗⠑⠑⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠥⠝⠉⠓⠑⠉⠅⠑⠙⠂⠀⠓⠑⠀ ⠺⠕⠥⠇⠙⠀⠛⠑⠞⠀⠝⠕⠀⠓⠑⠁⠗⠊⠝⠛⠀⠊⠝⠀⠠⠛⠗⠑⠑⠉⠑⠲⠀⠠⠎⠥⠉⠓⠀⠁ ⠀⠏⠓⠑⠝⠕⠍⠑⠝⠕⠝⠂⠀⠋⠕⠗⠀⠑⠭⠁⠍⠏⠇⠑⠂⠀⠁⠎⠀⠽⠕⠥⠗⠀⠠⠺⠁⠇⠞⠀ ⠠⠺⠓⠊⠞⠍⠁⠝⠀⠺⠕⠥⠇⠙⠀⠓⠁⠧⠑⠀⠃⠑⠑⠝⠀⠊⠍⠏⠕⠎⠎⠊⠃⠇⠑⠂⠀⠕⠗⠀ ⠁⠞⠀⠇⠑⠁⠎⠞⠀⠺⠑⠀⠎⠓⠕⠥⠇⠙⠀⠝⠑⠧⠑⠗⠀⠓⠁⠧⠑⠀⠓⠑⠁⠗⠙⠀⠕⠋⠀ ⠊⠞⠲⠀⠀⠠⠊⠞⠀⠊⠎⠀⠊⠝⠙⠑⠑⠙⠀⠟⠥⠊⠞⠑⠀⠞⠗⠥⠑⠀⠞⠓⠁⠞⠀⠞⠓⠊⠎⠀ ⠙⠕⠑⠎⠀⠝⠕⠞⠀⠑⠭⠉⠇⠥⠙⠑⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠗⠊⠎⠑⠀⠕⠋⠀⠝⠑⠺⠀⠎⠉⠓⠕⠕⠇⠎
These are the same pages the .brf download embosses — form-feed breaks and all. BRF opens in braille software (Duxbury, BrailleBlaster), on embossers, and on refreshable displays.