Library / Philosophy / The Purpose of History / Braille
The Purpose of History ⠃⠗⠋ braille edition
Grade 2 — contracted English braille (EBAE-compatible subset). Translated on this server by our own braille engine (BRF — Braille Ready Format, Library of Congress fdd000551). View Grade 1 instead.
Download .brf — Grade 2 Download .brf — Grade 1 Plain-text reader .txt
91,420 braille cells · 97 embossed pages at 40×25 · 145 unrepresentable characters omitted
⠀⠃⠁⠉⠅⠺⠜⠙⠲⠀⠠⠹⠊⠎⠀⠋⠁⠉⠞⠀⠛⠊⠧⠑⠎⠀⠥⠀⠁⠀⠡⠜⠁⠉⠞⠻⠊⠌⠊⠉ ⠀⠃⠽⠀⠱⠊⠡⠀⠺⠑⠀⠍⠁⠽⠀⠙⠊⠌⠬⠥⠊⠩⠀⠐⠞⠀⠋⠀⠎⠏⠁⠉⠑⠀⠑⠧⠢⠀⠊⠋ ⠀⠺⠑⠀⠓⠀⠗⠑⠏⠗⠑⠎⠢⠞⠫⠀⠐⠞⠀⠎⠏⠁⠞⠊⠁⠇⠇⠽⠲⠀⠠⠮⠀⠎⠏⠁⠞⠊⠁⠇ ⠀⠕⠗⠙⠻⠀⠊⠎⠀⠗⠑⠧⠻⠎⠊⠃⠇⠑⠂⠀⠮⠀⠞⠑⠍⠏⠕⠗⠁⠇⠀⠊⠎⠀⠝⠲⠀⠠⠐⠞ ⠀⠊⠎⠀⠇⠀⠁⠀⠇⠔⠑⠀⠕⠝⠀⠱⠊⠡⠀⠽⠀⠉⠀⠛⠀⠿⠺⠜⠙⠂⠀⠃⠀⠕⠝⠀⠱⠊⠡⠀ ⠽⠀⠉⠀⠝⠀⠛⠀⠃⠁⠉⠅⠺⠜⠙⠲⠀⠠⠃⠀⠽⠀⠉⠀⠛⠀⠿⠺⠜⠙⠲⠀⠠⠑⠧⠻⠽⠹⠬⠀ ⠛⠕⠑⠎⠀⠋⠀⠮⠀⠏⠁⠌⠀⠞⠕⠀⠮⠀⠋⠥⠞⠥⠗⠑⠲⠀⠠⠮⠀⠏⠗⠑⠎⠢⠞⠀⠊⠎⠀⠃ ⠀⠮⠀⠞⠗⠁⠝⠎⠊⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠏⠕⠔⠞⠀⠷⠀⠸⠮⠀⠛⠕⠬⠲⠀⠀⠠⠮⠗⠑⠀⠁⠗⠑⠂⠀ ⠥⠝⠙⠳⠃⠞⠫⠇⠽⠂⠀⠁⠙⠧⠁⠝⠞⠁⠛⠑⠎⠀⠔⠀⠹⠔⠅⠬⠀⠷⠀⠐⠞⠀⠔⠀⠹⠊⠎⠀ ⠎⠏⠁⠞⠊⠁⠇⠀⠺⠁⠽⠲⠀⠠⠮⠗⠑⠃⠽⠀⠺⠑⠀⠁⠗⠑⠀⠁⠃⠇⠑⠀⠞⠕⠀⠍⠁⠅⠑⠀ ⠉⠁⠇⠢⠙⠜⠎⠀⠯⠀⠓⠀⠁⠀⠎⠉⠊⠢⠉⠑⠀⠷⠀⠍⠑⠡⠁⠝⠊⠉⠎⠲⠀⠠⠭⠀ ⠁⠋⠿⠙⠎⠀⠁⠀⠃⠁⠎⠊⠎⠀⠿⠀⠸⠍⠀⠎⠥⠉⠉⠑⠎⠎⠋⠥⠇⠀ ⠏⠗⠫⠊⠉⠞⠊⠕⠝⠎⠲⠀⠠⠃⠂⠀⠟⠀⠑⠧⠊⠙⠢⠞⠇⠽⠂⠀⠐⠞⠀⠊⠎⠀⠝⠑⠊⠮⠗⠀ ⠎⠥⠡⠀⠁⠀⠇⠔⠑⠀⠝⠕⠗⠀⠁⠝⠽⠹⠬⠀⠇⠀⠭⠲⠀⠠⠝⠕⠹⠬⠀⠱⠁⠞⠑⠧⠻⠀ ⠛⠕⠑⠎⠀⠋⠀⠮⠀⠏⠁⠌⠀⠹⠗⠳⠛⠓⠀⠮⠀⠏⠗⠑⠎⠢⠞⠀⠊⠝⠞⠕⠀⠮⠀ ⠋⠥⠞⠥⠗⠑⠲⠀⠠⠺⠑⠀⠉⠀⠝⠀⠍⠁⠅⠑⠀⠎⠥⠡⠀⠁⠀⠌⠁⠞⠑⠍⠢⠞⠀ ⠊⠝⠞⠑⠇⠇⠊⠛⠊⠃⠇⠑⠲⠀⠠⠿⠀⠞⠕⠀⠛⠀⠋⠀⠮⠀⠏⠁⠌⠀⠞⠕⠀⠮⠀ ⠋⠥⠞⠥⠗⠑⠀⠊⠎⠀⠝⠀⠇⠀⠛⠕⠬⠀⠋⠀⠠⠝⠑⠺⠀⠠⠽⠕⠗⠅⠀⠞⠕⠀ ⠠⠃⠕⠌⠕⠝⠲⠀⠠⠃⠕⠌⠕⠝⠀⠊⠎⠀⠁⠇⠗⠑⠁⠙⠽⠀⠮⠗⠑⠀⠞⠕⠀⠛⠀⠞⠕⠂⠀⠃ ⠀⠮⠀⠋⠥⠞⠥⠗⠑⠀⠊⠎⠀⠝⠀⠁⠝⠽⠱⠻⠑⠀⠞⠕⠀⠛⠀⠞⠕⠲⠀⠠⠯⠀⠠⠝⠑⠺⠀ ⠠⠽⠕⠗⠅⠀⠊⠎⠀⠮⠗⠑⠀⠞⠕⠀⠇⠑⠁⠧⠑⠂⠀⠃⠀⠮⠀⠏⠁⠌⠀⠊⠎⠀⠝⠀ ⠁⠝⠽⠱⠻⠑⠀⠞⠕⠀⠇⠑⠁⠧⠑⠲⠀⠠⠱⠁⠞⠀⠮⠝⠀⠊⠎⠀⠹⠊⠎⠀⠍⠽⠌⠻⠊⠳⠎⠀ ⠛⠕⠬⠀⠊⠋⠀⠊⠞⠎⠀⠌⠜⠞⠬⠤⠏⠕⠔⠞⠀⠯⠀⠊⠞⠎⠀⠑⠝⠙⠀⠁⠗⠑⠀⠃⠕⠹⠀ ⠝⠕⠝⠤⠑⠭⠊⠌⠢⠞⠀⠝⠪⠦⠀⠠⠉⠇⠑⠜⠇⠽⠀⠭⠀⠊⠎⠀⠁⠀⠛⠕⠬⠀⠕⠝⠇⠽⠀⠔ ⠀⠁⠀⠍⠑⠞⠁⠏⠓⠕⠗⠊⠉⠁⠇⠀⠎⠢⠎⠑⠲⠀⠠⠺⠑⠀⠉⠁⠇⠇⠀⠭⠀⠁⠀⠛⠕⠬⠀
These are the same pages the .brf download embosses — form-feed breaks and all. BRF opens in braille software (Duxbury, BrailleBlaster), on embossers, and on refreshable displays.