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Altruism: Its Nature and Varieties ⠃⠗⠋ braille edition

Grade 2 — contracted English braille (EBAE-compatible subset). Translated on this server by our own braille engine (BRF — Braille Ready Format, Library of Congress fdd000551). View Grade 1 instead.

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130,822 braille cells · 138 embossed pages at 40×25 · 15 unrepresentable characters omitted

⠃⠑⠇⠕⠝⠛⠎⠀⠔⠀⠮⠀⠏⠗⠑⠉⠫⠬⠀⠉⠇⠁⠎⠎⠲⠀⠠⠃⠀⠁⠀⠞⠗⠥⠑⠀
⠁⠗⠞⠊⠌⠀⠑⠭⠏⠇⠕⠗⠑⠎⠀⠏⠓⠁⠎⠑⠎⠀⠷⠀⠥⠝⠁⠉⠅⠝⠪⠇⠫⠛⠫⠀
⠃⠑⠁⠥⠞⠽⠲⠀⠠⠓⠁⠧⠬⠀⠓⠊⠍⠎⠑⠇⠋⠀⠎⠑⠢⠀⠱⠁⠞⠀⠕⠮⠗⠎⠀⠓⠀⠝⠀
⠎⠑⠢⠂⠀⠓⠑⠀⠞⠁⠅⠑⠎⠀⠮⠀⠗⠊⠎⠅⠀⠷⠀⠁⠝⠝⠳⠝⠉⠬⠀⠭⠂⠀⠉⠻⠞⠁⠔⠀
⠞⠀⠊⠋⠀⠭⠀⠊⠎⠀⠉⠕⠍⠏⠗⠑⠓⠢⠙⠫⠀⠓⠑⠀⠺⠀⠕⠏⠢⠀⠍⠢⠄⠎⠀⠑⠽⠑⠎⠀
⠞⠕⠀⠋⠗⠑⠩⠀⠑⠝⠚⠕⠽⠍⠢⠞⠲⠀⠠⠗⠊⠛⠓⠞⠇⠽⠀⠮⠗⠑⠿⠑⠀⠙⠀⠺⠑⠀
⠓⠕⠇⠙⠀⠁⠗⠞⠊⠌⠎⠀⠯⠀⠎⠉⠊⠢⠞⠊⠋⠊⠉⠀⠍⠢⠀⠔⠀⠓⠊⠛⠓⠀⠓⠕⠝⠕⠗⠀
⠵⠀⠑⠝⠇⠜⠛⠻⠎⠀⠷⠀⠓⠥⠍⠁⠝⠊⠞⠽⠲⠀⠠⠺⠑⠀⠎⠑⠑⠀⠞⠀⠁⠇⠞⠗⠥⠊⠎⠍
⠀⠇⠀⠮⠊⠗⠎⠀⠉⠁⠇⠇⠎⠀⠿⠀⠗⠊⠎⠅⠀⠯⠀⠎⠏⠑⠉⠊⠁⠇⠀
⠙⠊⠎⠔⠞⠻⠑⠌⠫⠝⠑⠎⠎⠲⠀⠠⠮⠽⠀⠁⠗⠑⠀⠙⠊⠎⠉⠕⠧⠻⠻⠎⠂⠀⠛⠕⠬⠀
⠕⠥⠞⠀⠊⠝⠞⠕⠀⠺⠊⠙⠑⠀⠇⠯⠎⠂⠀⠋⠜⠀⠋⠀⠎⠥⠗⠑⠀⠱⠁⠞⠀⠺⠀⠃⠑⠀
⠋⠳⠝⠙⠀⠮⠗⠑⠂⠀⠃⠀⠗⠑⠁⠙⠽⠀⠞⠕⠀⠎⠁⠉⠗⠊⠋⠊⠉⠑⠀⠮⠍⠎⠑⠇⠧⠑⠎⠀
⠿⠀⠏⠕⠎⠎⠊⠃⠇⠑⠀⠓⠥⠍⠁⠝⠀⠃⠑⠞⠞⠻⠍⠢⠞⠲⠀⠠⠊⠝⠞⠑⠇⠇⠑⠉⠞⠥⠁⠇
⠀⠎⠕⠇⠙⠊⠻⠎⠂⠀⠺⠑⠀⠍⠁⠽⠀⠉⠁⠇⠇⠀⠮⠍⠂⠀⠁⠉⠉⠑⠏⠞⠬⠀⠮⠀
⠗⠊⠎⠅⠎⠀⠷⠀⠙⠳⠃⠞⠋⠥⠇⠀⠃⠁⠞⠞⠇⠑⠲⠀⠠⠮⠊⠗⠎⠀⠊⠎⠀⠁⠀⠇⠷⠞⠽⠀
⠁⠇⠞⠗⠥⠊⠎⠍⠂⠀⠯⠀⠝⠕⠝⠑⠀⠮⠀⠇⠑⠎⠎⠀⠃⠑⠉⠁⠥⠎⠑⠀⠎⠥⠉⠉⠑⠎⠎⠀
⠍⠁⠽⠀⠃⠗⠬⠀⠮⠍⠀⠋⠁⠍⠑⠀⠯⠀⠿⠞⠥⠝⠑⠲⠀⠀⠠⠏⠻⠓⠁⠏⠎⠀⠠⠊⠀
⠌⠗⠁⠔⠀⠮⠀⠘⠺⠀⠚⠥⠌⠊⠉⠑⠀⠔⠀⠁⠏⠏⠇⠽⠬⠀⠭⠀⠞⠕⠀⠮⠍⠂⠀⠽⠑⠞⠀
⠮⠽⠀⠵⠀⠞⠗⠥⠇⠽⠀⠵⠀⠮⠀⠏⠗⠷⠑⠎⠎⠊⠕⠝⠁⠇⠀⠍⠁⠝⠀⠙⠀⠝⠀⠏⠊⠉⠅⠀
⠕⠥⠞⠀⠊⠝⠙⠊⠧⠊⠙⠥⠁⠇⠎⠀⠵⠀⠗⠑⠉⠑⠊⠧⠻⠎⠀⠷⠀⠸⠮⠀⠃⠢⠑⠋⠊⠞⠎⠲
⠀⠠⠊⠝⠙⠑⠫⠂⠀⠞⠀⠁⠃⠎⠢⠉⠑⠀⠷⠀⠏⠜⠞⠊⠉⠥⠇⠜⠊⠞⠽⠀⠎⠀
⠑⠍⠏⠓⠁⠎⠊⠵⠫⠀⠔⠀⠚⠥⠌⠊⠉⠑⠀⠛⠕⠑⠎⠀⠞⠕⠀⠎⠥⠡⠀⠁⠀⠙⠑⠛⠗⠑⠑⠀
⠾⠀⠮⠍⠀⠞⠀⠸⠮⠀⠐⠺⠀⠎⠑⠑⠍⠎⠀⠞⠕⠀⠏⠗⠕⠉⠑⠫⠀⠋⠀⠮⠀⠸⠎⠀⠷⠀
⠎⠉⠊⠢⠉⠑⠀⠕⠗⠀⠸⠎⠀⠷⠀⠃⠑⠁⠥⠞⠽⠀⠗⠀⠹⠁⠝⠀⠋⠀⠁⠀⠏⠜⠞⠊⠉⠥⠇⠜
⠀⠏⠻⠎⠕⠝⠲⠀⠠⠮⠽⠀⠌⠗⠊⠅⠑⠀⠥⠀⠵⠀⠞⠗⠁⠝⠎⠉⠢⠙⠬⠀⠸⠮⠀⠁⠛⠑⠂⠀

These are the same pages the .brf download embosses — form-feed breaks and all. BRF opens in braille software (Duxbury, BrailleBlaster), on embossers, and on refreshable displays.