Skip to contentSkip to Braille Studio

Library / Ethics / Altruism: Its Nature and Varieties / Braille

Altruism: Its Nature and Varieties ⠃⠗⠋ braille edition

Grade 1 — uncontracted, letter-for-letter. Translated on this server by our own braille engine (BRF — Braille Ready Format, Library of Congress fdd000551). View Grade 2 instead.

Download .brf — Grade 2 Download .brf — Grade 1 Plain-text reader .txt

157,098 braille cells · 167 embossed pages at 40×25 · 15 unrepresentable characters omitted

⠠⠊⠀⠋⠊⠝⠙⠀⠁⠝⠀⠑⠭⠉⠥⠎⠑⠀⠋⠕⠗⠀⠝⠕⠞⠀⠊⠝⠧⠊⠞⠊⠝⠛⠀⠓⠊⠍⠲⠀
⠠⠓⠑⠀⠊⠎⠀⠑⠭⠉⠑⠇⠇⠑⠝⠞⠀⠎⠕⠀⠋⠁⠗⠀⠁⠎⠀⠎⠑⠇⠇⠊⠝⠛⠀⠎⠓⠕⠑⠎
⠀⠊⠎⠀⠉⠕⠝⠉⠑⠗⠝⠑⠙⠂⠀⠃⠥⠞⠀⠏⠑⠗⠎⠕⠝⠁⠇⠀⠗⠑⠇⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠎⠀
⠁⠗⠑⠀⠟⠥⠊⠞⠑⠀⠁⠝⠕⠞⠓⠑⠗⠀⠞⠓⠊⠝⠛⠲⠀⠠⠓⠑⠗⠑⠀⠁⠛⠁⠊⠝⠀⠞⠓⠑
⠀⠝⠁⠗⠗⠕⠺⠊⠝⠛⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠋⠊⠑⠇⠙⠀⠺⠊⠞⠓⠊⠝⠀⠺⠓⠊⠉⠓⠀
⠍⠥⠞⠥⠁⠇⠊⠞⠽⠀⠕⠏⠑⠗⠁⠞⠑⠎⠀⠇⠑⠎⠎⠑⠝⠎⠀⠊⠞⠎⠀⠙⠊⠛⠝⠊⠞⠽⠀
⠁⠝⠙⠀⠊⠝⠞⠑⠝⠎⠊⠋⠊⠑⠎⠀⠊⠞⠎⠀⠁⠛⠛⠗⠑⠎⠎⠊⠧⠑⠀⠏⠕⠺⠑⠗⠲⠀⠀
⠠⠝⠕⠀⠺⠕⠝⠙⠑⠗⠂⠀⠞⠓⠑⠝⠂⠀⠺⠑⠀⠁⠗⠑⠀⠁⠏⠞⠀⠞⠕⠀⠏⠊⠉⠞⠥⠗⠑⠀
⠞⠗⠁⠙⠑⠀⠁⠎⠀⠁⠀⠉⠕⠝⠎⠉⠊⠑⠝⠉⠑⠇⠑⠎⠎⠀⠎⠞⠗⠥⠛⠛⠇⠑⠀⠕⠋⠀
⠉⠕⠍⠏⠑⠞⠊⠞⠕⠗⠎⠀⠋⠕⠗⠀⠏⠗⠊⠧⠁⠞⠑⠀⠛⠁⠊⠝⠲⠀⠠⠃⠥⠞⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀
⠏⠊⠉⠞⠥⠗⠑⠀⠊⠎⠀⠙⠊⠎⠏⠗⠕⠏⠕⠗⠞⠊⠕⠝⠁⠞⠑⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀
⠑⠗⠗⠕⠝⠑⠕⠥⠎⠲⠀⠠⠎⠁⠧⠁⠛⠑⠗⠽⠀⠊⠎⠀⠏⠕⠎⠎⠊⠃⠇⠑⠀⠓⠑⠗⠑⠂⠀
⠃⠥⠞⠀⠎⠕⠀⠊⠎⠀⠍⠥⠉⠓⠀⠑⠇⠎⠑⠲⠀⠠⠉⠕⠍⠍⠑⠗⠉⠑⠀⠓⠁⠎⠀⠁⠀
⠙⠑⠑⠏⠀⠑⠞⠓⠊⠉⠁⠇⠀⠛⠗⠕⠥⠝⠙⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠺⠊⠙⠑⠀⠑⠞⠓⠊⠉⠁⠇⠀
⠕⠏⠏⠕⠗⠞⠥⠝⠊⠞⠊⠑⠎⠂⠀⠉⠕⠤⠕⠏⠑⠗⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠃⠑⠊⠝⠛⠀⠁⠎⠀
⠑⠎⠎⠑⠝⠞⠊⠁⠇⠀⠞⠕⠀⠊⠞⠀⠁⠎⠀⠉⠕⠍⠏⠑⠞⠊⠞⠊⠕⠝⠲⠀⠠⠊⠞⠀
⠑⠭⠊⠎⠞⠎⠀⠕⠝⠇⠽⠀⠞⠓⠗⠕⠥⠛⠓⠀⠎⠑⠗⠧⠊⠉⠑⠀⠞⠕⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀
⠉⠕⠍⠍⠥⠝⠊⠞⠽⠲⠀⠠⠞⠓⠑⠀⠍⠥⠞⠥⠁⠇⠀⠗⠑⠇⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠎⠀⠕⠋⠀
⠏⠁⠗⠞⠝⠑⠗⠎⠓⠊⠏⠀⠁⠗⠑⠀⠉⠕⠝⠎⠞⠁⠝⠞⠇⠽⠀⠃⠑⠊⠝⠛⠀
⠑⠭⠞⠑⠝⠙⠑⠙⠂⠀⠎⠊⠝⠛⠇⠑⠀⠞⠗⠁⠙⠑⠎⠀⠕⠗⠛⠁⠝⠊⠵⠊⠝⠛⠀⠞⠕⠀
⠏⠗⠕⠍⠕⠞⠑⠀⠞⠓⠑⠊⠗⠀⠉⠕⠍⠍⠕⠝⠀⠊⠝⠞⠑⠗⠑⠎⠞⠎⠂⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀
⠉⠓⠁⠍⠃⠑⠗⠎⠀⠕⠋⠀⠉⠕⠍⠍⠑⠗⠉⠑⠀⠕⠧⠑⠗⠎⠑⠑⠊⠝⠛⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀
⠃⠥⠎⠊⠝⠑⠎⠎⠀⠕⠋⠀⠁⠀⠺⠓⠕⠇⠑⠀⠉⠊⠞⠽⠲⠀⠠⠞⠓⠕⠎⠑⠀⠺⠓⠕⠀
⠑⠝⠛⠁⠛⠑⠀⠊⠝⠀⠞⠗⠁⠙⠑⠀⠁⠗⠑⠀⠝⠕⠀⠇⠑⠎⠎⠀⠓⠥⠍⠁⠝⠀⠃⠑⠊⠝⠛⠎
⠀⠞⠓⠁⠝⠀⠞⠓⠑⠊⠗⠀⠋⠑⠇⠇⠕⠺⠎⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠁⠗⠑⠀⠉⠕⠝⠞⠊⠝⠥⠁⠇⠇⠽⠀

These are the same pages the .brf download embosses — form-feed breaks and all. BRF opens in braille software (Duxbury, BrailleBlaster), on embossers, and on refreshable displays.