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Library / Engineering & Technology / The Panama Canal / Braille

The Panama Canal ⠃⠗⠋ braille edition

Grade 1 — uncontracted, letter-for-letter. Translated on this server by our own braille engine (BRF — Braille Ready Format, Library of Congress fdd000551). View Grade 2 instead.

Download .brf — Grade 2 Download .brf — Grade 1 Plain-text reader .txt

97,024 braille cells · 102 embossed pages at 40×25 · 49 unrepresentable characters omitted

⠺⠑⠞⠀⠞⠕⠀⠼⠙⠛⠊⠂⠊⠑⠚⠀⠉⠥⠃⠊⠉⠀⠽⠁⠗⠙⠎⠲⠀⠠⠊⠞⠀⠺⠁⠎⠀
⠙⠑⠉⠊⠙⠑⠙⠀⠞⠕⠀⠉⠕⠝⠎⠞⠗⠥⠉⠞⠀⠉⠥⠗⠞⠁⠊⠝⠀⠀⠺⠁⠇⠇⠎⠀⠞⠕⠀
⠎⠞⠕⠏⠀⠁⠝⠽⠀⠥⠝⠙⠑⠗⠋⠇⠕⠺⠆⠀⠞⠓⠑⠎⠑⠀⠺⠊⠇⠇⠀⠑⠭⠞⠑⠝⠙⠀
⠁⠉⠗⠕⠎⠎⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠇⠕⠉⠅⠀⠥⠝⠙⠑⠗⠀⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠎⠊⠇⠇⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀
⠑⠍⠑⠗⠛⠑⠝⠉⠽⠀⠙⠁⠍⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠙⠕⠺⠝⠎⠞⠗⠑⠁⠍⠀⠕⠥⠞⠎⠊⠙⠑⠀⠞⠓⠑
⠀⠺⠁⠇⠇⠎⠀⠞⠕⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠀⠊⠝⠞⠑⠗⠍⠑⠙⠊⠁⠞⠑⠀⠛⠁⠞⠑⠎⠲⠀⠠⠁⠎⠀
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⠉⠕⠝⠉⠗⠑⠞⠑⠀⠀⠋⠇⠕⠕⠗⠀⠼⠁⠉⠀⠋⠑⠑⠞⠀⠞⠓⠊⠉⠅⠀⠁⠎⠀⠃⠑⠋⠕⠗⠑
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⠋⠇⠕⠕⠗⠀⠺⠊⠞⠓⠀⠞⠑⠇⠇⠞⠁⠇⠑⠎⠀⠊⠝⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠺⠁⠇⠇⠎⠀⠺⠊⠇⠇⠀
⠃⠑⠀⠃⠥⠊⠇⠞⠲⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠞⠓⠑⠀⠏⠇⠁⠝⠞⠀⠋⠕⠗⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀
⠉⠕⠝⠎⠞⠗⠥⠉⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠇⠕⠉⠅⠎⠀⠊⠎⠀⠏⠗⠁⠉⠞⠊⠉⠁⠇⠇⠽
⠀⠊⠝⠎⠞⠁⠇⠇⠑⠙⠀⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠗⠑⠁⠙⠽⠀⠋⠕⠗⠀⠺⠕⠗⠅⠂⠀⠊⠞⠀⠃⠑⠊⠝⠛
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⠠⠁⠞⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠠⠏⠑⠙⠗⠕⠀⠠⠍⠊⠛⠥⠑⠇⠀⠇⠕⠉⠅⠎⠀⠼⠛⠁⠑⠂⠛⠃⠋⠀
⠉⠥⠃⠊⠉⠀⠽⠁⠗⠙⠎⠀⠺⠑⠗⠑⠀⠗⠑⠍⠕⠧⠑⠙⠀⠊⠝⠀⠼⠁⠊⠚⠓⠤⠄⠚⠊⠲⠀⠀
⠠⠕⠝⠑⠀⠇⠕⠉⠅⠀⠉⠓⠁⠍⠃⠑⠗⠀⠺⠁⠎⠀⠉⠕⠍⠏⠇⠑⠞⠑⠙⠀⠞⠕⠀
⠛⠗⠁⠙⠑⠂⠀⠃⠥⠞⠀⠼⠙⠑⠂⠚⠚⠚⠀⠉⠥⠃⠊⠉⠀⠽⠁⠗⠙⠎⠀⠗⠑⠍⠁⠊⠝⠀⠀
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⠠⠍⠊⠗⠁⠋⠇⠕⠗⠑⠎⠀⠺⠕⠗⠅⠀⠺⠁⠎⠀⠙⠕⠝⠑⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠏⠁⠎⠞⠀⠽⠑⠁⠗⠀
⠺⠊⠞⠓⠀⠎⠞⠑⠁⠍⠀⠎⠓⠕⠧⠑⠇⠎⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠕⠝⠑⠀⠀⠎⠥⠉⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀
⠙⠗⠑⠙⠛⠑⠲⠀⠠⠞⠓⠑⠀⠞⠕⠞⠁⠇⠀⠁⠍⠕⠥⠝⠞⠀⠑⠭⠉⠁⠧⠁⠞⠑⠙⠀⠺⠁⠎⠀
⠼⠁⠂⠁⠙⠛⠂⠑⠃⠛⠀⠉⠥⠃⠊⠉⠀⠽⠁⠗⠙⠎⠀⠀⠺⠓⠊⠉⠓⠀⠊⠎⠀
⠕⠝⠑⠤⠓⠁⠇⠋⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠞⠕⠞⠁⠇⠀⠑⠎⠞⠊⠍⠁⠞⠑⠙⠀
⠟⠥⠁⠝⠞⠊⠞⠽⠲⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠠⠊⠭⠲⠀⠠⠠⠉⠕⠝⠎⠞⠗⠥⠉⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀

These are the same pages the .brf download embosses — form-feed breaks and all. BRF opens in braille software (Duxbury, BrailleBlaster), on embossers, and on refreshable displays.