Library / Engineering & Technology / The Panama Canal / Braille
The Panama Canal ⠃⠗⠋ braille edition
Grade 1 — uncontracted, letter-for-letter. Translated on this server by our own braille engine (BRF — Braille Ready Format, Library of Congress fdd000551). View Grade 2 instead.
Download .brf — Grade 2 Download .brf — Grade 1 Plain-text reader .txt
97,024 braille cells · 102 embossed pages at 40×25 · 49 unrepresentable characters omitted
⠞⠕⠀⠠⠛⠁⠞⠥⠝⠲⠀⠀⠠⠞⠓⠑⠀⠠⠉⠓⠁⠛⠗⠑⠎⠀⠠⠗⠊⠧⠑⠗⠀⠓⠑⠗⠑⠀ ⠉⠗⠕⠎⠎⠑⠎⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠇⠊⠝⠑⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠉⠁⠝⠁⠇⠀⠼⠃⠉⠀⠞⠊⠍⠑⠎⠂ ⠀⠋⠕⠗⠍⠊⠝⠛⠀⠀⠁⠀⠎⠑⠗⠊⠑⠎⠀⠕⠋⠀⠏⠑⠝⠊⠝⠎⠥⠇⠁⠎⠲⠀⠠⠁⠀ ⠏⠕⠗⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠉⠓⠁⠝⠝⠑⠇⠀⠼⠃⠂⠛⠚⠚⠀⠋⠑⠑⠞⠀⠇⠕⠝⠛⠂ ⠀⠼⠑⠚⠚⠀⠀⠋⠑⠑⠞⠀⠺⠊⠙⠑⠀⠁⠞⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠃⠕⠞⠞⠕⠍⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠼⠑⠚⠀ ⠋⠑⠑⠞⠀⠙⠑⠑⠏⠂⠀⠺⠁⠎⠀⠉⠕⠍⠏⠇⠑⠞⠑⠙⠀⠠⠍⠁⠽⠀⠼⠃⠑⠂⠀⠼⠁⠊⠚⠊ ⠀⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠺⠁⠞⠑⠗⠎⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠠⠉⠓⠁⠛⠗⠑⠎⠀⠞⠥⠗⠝⠑⠙⠀ ⠊⠝⠲⠀⠠⠁⠀⠞⠕⠞⠁⠇⠀⠕⠋⠀⠼⠁⠂⠛⠓⠙⠂⠙⠑⠊⠀⠉⠥⠃⠊⠉⠀⠀⠽⠁⠗⠙⠎⠀ ⠺⠑⠗⠑⠀⠞⠁⠅⠑⠝⠀⠕⠥⠞⠂⠀⠕⠋⠀⠺⠓⠊⠉⠓⠀⠼⠁⠂⠉⠑⠚⠂⠉⠚⠓⠀⠺⠑⠗⠑ ⠀⠗⠑⠍⠕⠧⠑⠙⠀⠊⠝⠀⠼⠁⠊⠚⠓⠤⠄⠚⠊⠲⠀⠠⠋⠗⠕⠍⠀⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀ ⠗⠑⠍⠁⠊⠝⠙⠑⠗⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠊⠎⠀⠙⠊⠧⠊⠎⠊⠕⠝⠀⠼⠃⠂⠋⠃⠑⠂⠃⠓⠉⠀ ⠉⠥⠃⠊⠉⠀⠽⠁⠗⠙⠎⠀⠺⠑⠗⠑⠀⠑⠭⠉⠁⠧⠁⠞⠑⠙⠀⠊⠝⠀⠀ ⠼⠁⠊⠚⠓⠤⠄⠚⠊⠲⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠞⠕⠀⠎⠑⠉⠥⠗⠑⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠝⠑⠉⠑⠎⠎⠁⠗⠽⠀ ⠺⠊⠙⠞⠓⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠙⠑⠏⠞⠓⠀⠃⠑⠞⠺⠑⠑⠝⠀⠠⠏⠑⠙⠗⠕⠀⠠⠍⠊⠛⠥⠑⠇⠀ ⠁⠝⠙⠀⠀⠠⠍⠊⠗⠁⠋⠇⠕⠗⠑⠎⠀⠕⠝⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠠⠏⠁⠉⠊⠋⠊⠉⠀ ⠠⠙⠊⠧⠊⠎⠊⠕⠝⠀⠼⠁⠂⠃⠛⠊⠂⠋⠚⠚⠀⠉⠥⠃⠊⠉⠀⠽⠁⠗⠙⠎⠀⠕⠋⠀ ⠍⠁⠞⠑⠗⠊⠁⠇⠂⠀⠀⠕⠋⠀⠺⠓⠊⠉⠓⠀⠼⠋⠉⠂⠋⠚⠚⠀⠁⠗⠑⠀⠗⠕⠉⠅⠂⠀ ⠍⠥⠎⠞⠀⠃⠑⠀⠑⠭⠉⠁⠧⠁⠞⠑⠙⠲⠀⠠⠞⠓⠑⠀⠍⠁⠞⠑⠗⠊⠁⠇⠀⠎⠞⠊⠇⠇⠀ ⠞⠕⠀⠃⠑⠀⠀⠞⠁⠅⠑⠝⠀⠕⠥⠞⠀⠃⠑⠞⠺⠑⠑⠝⠀⠠⠍⠊⠗⠁⠋⠇⠕⠗⠑⠎⠀⠁⠝⠙ ⠀⠙⠑⠑⠏⠀⠺⠁⠞⠑⠗⠀⠊⠎⠀⠼⠁⠉⠂⠚⠚⠚⠂⠊⠚⠚⠀⠉⠥⠃⠊⠉⠀⠽⠁⠗⠙⠎⠀⠀ ⠕⠋⠀⠇⠕⠁⠍⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠼⠁⠂⠛⠃⠑⠂⠚⠚⠚⠀⠉⠥⠃⠊⠉⠀⠽⠁⠗⠙⠎⠀⠕⠋⠀ ⠗⠕⠉⠅⠲⠀⠠⠊⠞⠀⠓⠁⠎⠀⠃⠑⠑⠝⠀⠙⠑⠉⠊⠙⠑⠙⠀⠞⠕⠀⠀⠗⠑⠍⠕⠧⠑⠀ ⠁⠇⠇⠀⠗⠕⠉⠅⠀⠃⠑⠞⠺⠑⠑⠝⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠇⠕⠉⠅⠎⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠋⠕⠗⠀⠼⠃⠀ ⠍⠊⠇⠑⠎⠀⠃⠑⠇⠕⠺⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠠⠍⠊⠗⠁⠋⠇⠕⠗⠑⠎⠀⠀⠇⠕⠉⠅⠎⠂⠀⠊⠝⠀ ⠞⠓⠑⠀⠙⠗⠽⠲⠀⠠⠞⠓⠊⠎⠀⠺⠊⠇⠇⠀⠇⠑⠁⠧⠑⠀⠼⠉⠂⠋⠚⠚⠂⠚⠚⠚⠀
These are the same pages the .brf download embosses — form-feed breaks and all. BRF opens in braille software (Duxbury, BrailleBlaster), on embossers, and on refreshable displays.