Library / Engineering & Technology / The Panama Canal / Braille
The Panama Canal ⠃⠗⠋ braille edition
Grade 1 — uncontracted, letter-for-letter. Translated on this server by our own braille engine (BRF — Braille Ready Format, Library of Congress fdd000551). View Grade 2 instead.
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97,024 braille cells · 102 embossed pages at 40×25 · 49 unrepresentable characters omitted
⠞⠕⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠀⠠⠁⠍⠑⠗⠊⠉⠁⠝⠂⠀⠕⠗⠀⠦⠛⠕⠇⠙⠴⠀⠑⠍⠏⠇⠕⠽⠑⠑⠎⠀ ⠁⠞⠀⠼⠉⠚⠀⠉⠑⠝⠞⠎⠀⠏⠑⠗⠀⠍⠑⠁⠇⠲⠀⠠⠞⠓⠑⠗⠑⠀⠁⠗⠑⠀⠼⠃⠙⠀ ⠍⠑⠎⠎⠑⠎⠀⠀⠺⠓⠑⠗⠑⠀⠍⠑⠁⠇⠎⠀⠞⠕⠀⠠⠑⠥⠗⠕⠏⠑⠁⠝⠀ ⠇⠁⠃⠕⠗⠑⠗⠎⠀⠁⠗⠑⠀⠎⠑⠗⠧⠑⠙⠂⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠉⠕⠎⠞⠀⠏⠑⠗⠀⠙⠁⠽⠀ ⠃⠑⠊⠝⠛⠀⠼⠙⠚⠀⠀⠉⠑⠝⠞⠎⠆⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠞⠓⠑⠗⠑⠀⠁⠗⠑⠀⠼⠃⠙⠀ ⠅⠊⠞⠉⠓⠑⠝⠎⠀⠋⠕⠗⠀⠍⠑⠁⠇⠎⠀⠎⠥⠏⠏⠇⠊⠑⠙⠀⠞⠕⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀ ⠦⠎⠊⠇⠧⠑⠗⠴⠀⠀⠇⠁⠃⠕⠗⠑⠗⠎⠀⠶⠍⠑⠝⠀⠏⠁⠊⠙⠀⠊⠝⠀ ⠠⠏⠁⠝⠁⠍⠁⠝⠊⠁⠝⠀⠉⠥⠗⠗⠑⠝⠉⠽⠶⠂⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠉⠕⠎⠞⠀⠞⠕⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀ ⠇⠁⠃⠕⠗⠑⠗⠀⠀⠃⠑⠊⠝⠛⠀⠼⠉⠚⠀⠉⠑⠝⠞⠎⠀⠏⠑⠗⠀⠙⠁⠽⠲⠀⠠⠞⠓⠑⠗⠑ ⠀⠊⠎⠀⠝⠕⠀⠏⠗⠕⠋⠊⠞⠀⠞⠕⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠠⠉⠕⠍⠍⠊⠎⠎⠊⠕⠝⠲⠀⠠⠞⠓⠑⠀⠀ ⠉⠕⠍⠍⠊⠎⠎⠁⠗⠊⠑⠎⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠍⠁⠝⠥⠋⠁⠉⠞⠥⠗⠊⠝⠛⠀⠏⠇⠁⠝⠞⠎⠀ ⠁⠗⠑⠀⠕⠏⠑⠗⠁⠞⠑⠙⠀⠁⠞⠀⠁⠀⠏⠗⠕⠋⠊⠞⠀⠎⠕⠀⠁⠎⠀⠀⠞⠕⠀⠗⠑⠏⠁⠽ ⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠠⠏⠁⠝⠁⠍⠁⠀⠠⠗⠁⠊⠇⠗⠕⠁⠙⠀⠠⠉⠕⠍⠏⠁⠝⠽⠀⠋⠕⠗⠀⠊⠞⠎⠀ ⠕⠥⠞⠇⠁⠽⠀⠊⠝⠀⠎⠊⠭⠀⠽⠑⠁⠗⠎⠀⠋⠗⠕⠍⠀⠀⠠⠚⠁⠝⠥⠁⠗⠽⠀⠼⠁⠂⠀ ⠼⠁⠊⠚⠊⠂⠀⠁⠞⠀⠼⠙⠀⠏⠑⠗⠀⠉⠑⠝⠞⠀⠊⠝⠞⠑⠗⠑⠎⠞⠲⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠞⠓⠑⠀ ⠠⠎⠥⠃⠎⠊⠎⠞⠑⠝⠉⠑⠀⠠⠙⠑⠏⠁⠗⠞⠍⠑⠝⠞⠀⠁⠇⠎⠕⠀⠓⠁⠎⠀⠉⠓⠁⠗⠛⠑ ⠀⠕⠋⠀⠁⠀⠇⠁⠗⠛⠑⠀⠓⠕⠞⠑⠇⠀⠁⠞⠀⠠⠁⠝⠉⠕⠝⠀⠀⠋⠕⠗⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀ ⠑⠝⠞⠑⠗⠞⠁⠊⠝⠍⠑⠝⠞⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠠⠉⠕⠍⠍⠊⠎⠎⠊⠕⠝⠄⠎⠀ ⠑⠍⠏⠇⠕⠽⠑⠑⠎⠀⠁⠞⠀⠁⠀⠉⠕⠍⠏⠁⠗⠁⠞⠊⠧⠑⠇⠽⠀⠀⠇⠕⠺⠀⠗⠁⠞⠑⠂⠀ ⠁⠝⠙⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠗⠁⠝⠎⠊⠑⠝⠞⠀⠛⠥⠑⠎⠞⠎⠀⠁⠞⠀⠗⠁⠞⠑⠎⠀⠥⠎⠥⠁⠇⠇⠽ ⠀⠉⠓⠁⠗⠛⠑⠙⠀⠁⠞⠀⠋⠊⠗⠎⠞⠀⠀⠉⠇⠁⠎⠎⠀⠓⠕⠞⠑⠇⠎⠲⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠞⠓⠑ ⠀⠠⠙⠑⠏⠁⠗⠞⠍⠑⠝⠞⠀⠕⠋⠀⠠⠉⠊⠧⠊⠇⠀⠠⠁⠙⠍⠊⠝⠊⠎⠞⠗⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀ ⠑⠭⠑⠗⠉⠊⠎⠑⠎⠀⠎⠥⠏⠑⠗⠧⠊⠎⠊⠕⠝⠀⠕⠧⠑⠗⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠀⠉⠕⠥⠗⠞⠎⠂⠀ ⠺⠓⠊⠉⠓⠀⠉⠕⠝⠎⠊⠎⠞⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠗⠑⠑⠀⠉⠊⠗⠉⠥⠊⠞⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠋⠊⠧⠑⠀ ⠙⠊⠎⠞⠗⠊⠉⠞⠒⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠚⠥⠙⠛⠑⠎⠀⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠞⠓⠗⠑⠑⠀
These are the same pages the .brf download embosses — form-feed breaks and all. BRF opens in braille software (Duxbury, BrailleBlaster), on embossers, and on refreshable displays.