Skip to contentSkip to Braille Studio

Library / Biology / A Historical Account of Useful Inventions and Scientific Discoveries / Braille

A Historical Account of Useful Inventions and Scientific Discoveries ⠃⠗⠋ braille edition

Grade 1 — uncontracted, letter-for-letter. Translated on this server by our own braille engine (BRF — Braille Ready Format, Library of Congress fdd000551). View Grade 2 instead.

Download .brf — Grade 2 Download .brf — Grade 1 Plain-text reader .txt

472,956 braille cells · 501 embossed pages at 40×25 · 295 unrepresentable characters omitted

⠀⠃⠽⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠀⠛⠇⠥⠞⠊⠝⠁⠞⠕⠗⠊⠎⠂⠀⠺⠓⠕⠀⠗⠑⠎⠑⠍⠃⠇⠑⠙⠀⠕⠥⠗
⠀⠃⠕⠕⠅⠃⠊⠝⠙⠑⠗⠎⠲⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠞⠓⠊⠎⠀⠏⠇⠁⠝⠞⠀⠽⠊⠑⠇⠙⠑⠙⠀
⠍⠁⠞⠑⠗⠊⠁⠇⠎⠀⠋⠕⠗⠀⠍⠁⠅⠊⠝⠛⠀⠋⠕⠥⠗⠀⠎⠕⠗⠞⠎⠀⠕⠋⠀
⠏⠁⠏⠑⠗⠲⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠺⠊⠞⠓⠀⠗⠑⠎⠏⠑⠉⠞⠀⠞⠕⠀⠕⠞⠓⠑⠗⠀
⠎⠥⠃⠎⠞⠁⠝⠉⠑⠎⠀⠋⠕⠗⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠎⠁⠍⠑⠀⠏⠥⠗⠏⠕⠎⠑⠂⠀⠞⠓⠑⠗⠑⠀
⠁⠗⠑⠀⠍⠁⠝⠽⠂⠀⠀⠃⠥⠞⠀⠁⠎⠀⠍⠕⠎⠞⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠑⠎⠑⠀⠓⠁⠧⠑⠀⠕⠝⠑
⠀⠛⠑⠝⠑⠗⠊⠉⠀⠉⠓⠁⠗⠁⠉⠞⠑⠗⠂⠀⠃⠑⠊⠝⠛⠀⠍⠁⠝⠥⠋⠁⠉⠞⠥⠗⠑⠙⠀⠀
⠋⠗⠕⠍⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠃⠁⠗⠅⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠗⠑⠑⠎⠂⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠙⠑⠞⠁⠊⠇⠀⠊⠎⠀
⠝⠕⠞⠀⠓⠑⠗⠑⠀⠛⠊⠧⠑⠝⠂⠀⠁⠎⠀⠊⠞⠀⠍⠊⠛⠓⠞⠀⠝⠕⠞⠂⠀⠀
⠏⠑⠗⠓⠁⠏⠎⠂⠀⠃⠑⠀⠛⠑⠝⠑⠗⠁⠇⠇⠽⠀⠊⠝⠞⠑⠗⠑⠎⠞⠊⠝⠛⠂⠀
⠑⠎⠏⠑⠉⠊⠁⠇⠇⠽⠀⠁⠎⠀⠝⠕⠞⠓⠊⠝⠛⠀⠝⠑⠺⠀⠁⠏⠏⠑⠁⠗⠎⠀⠊⠝⠀⠀
⠞⠓⠊⠎⠀⠗⠑⠎⠏⠑⠉⠞⠲⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠺⠊⠞⠓⠀⠗⠑⠎⠏⠑⠉⠞⠀⠞⠕⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀
⠏⠁⠏⠑⠗⠀⠝⠕⠺⠀⠊⠝⠀⠥⠎⠑⠂⠀⠠⠙⠗⠲⠀⠠⠃⠇⠁⠊⠗⠀⠎⠁⠽⠎⠂⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀
⠋⠊⠗⠎⠞⠀⠀⠏⠁⠏⠑⠗⠤⠍⠊⠇⠇⠀⠶⠊⠝⠀⠠⠑⠝⠛⠇⠁⠝⠙⠂⠀⠺⠑⠀
⠎⠥⠏⠏⠕⠎⠑⠶⠀⠺⠁⠎⠀⠑⠗⠑⠉⠞⠑⠙⠀⠁⠞⠀⠠⠙⠁⠗⠞⠋⠕⠗⠙⠂⠀⠊⠝⠀
⠞⠓⠑⠀⠀⠽⠑⠁⠗⠀⠼⠁⠑⠓⠓⠂⠀⠃⠽⠀⠁⠀⠠⠛⠑⠗⠍⠁⠝⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀
⠝⠁⠍⠑⠀⠕⠋⠀⠠⠎⠏⠊⠑⠇⠇⠍⠁⠝⠆⠀⠋⠗⠕⠍⠀⠺⠓⠊⠉⠓⠀⠏⠑⠗⠊⠕⠙⠀⠺⠑
⠀⠀⠍⠁⠽⠂⠀⠏⠑⠗⠓⠁⠏⠎⠂⠀⠙⠁⠞⠑⠀⠊⠞⠎⠀⠍⠁⠝⠥⠋⠁⠉⠞⠥⠗⠑⠀⠊⠝⠀
⠞⠓⠊⠎⠀⠉⠕⠥⠝⠞⠗⠽⠲⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠊⠞⠀⠁⠏⠏⠑⠁⠗⠎⠂⠀⠓⠕⠺⠑⠧⠑⠗⠂⠀
⠞⠓⠁⠞⠀⠊⠞⠀⠺⠁⠎⠀⠅⠝⠕⠺⠝⠀⠊⠝⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠠⠑⠁⠎⠞⠂⠀⠍⠥⠉⠓⠀
⠑⠁⠗⠇⠊⠑⠗⠆⠀⠊⠞⠀⠀⠃⠑⠊⠝⠛⠀⠕⠃⠎⠑⠗⠧⠑⠙⠀⠞⠓⠁⠞⠀⠍⠕⠎⠞⠀⠕⠋
⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠁⠝⠉⠊⠑⠝⠞⠀⠍⠁⠝⠥⠎⠉⠗⠊⠏⠞⠎⠀⠊⠝⠀⠠⠁⠗⠁⠃⠊⠉⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀
⠕⠞⠓⠑⠗⠀⠀⠠⠕⠗⠊⠑⠝⠞⠁⠇⠀⠇⠁⠝⠛⠥⠁⠛⠑⠎⠂⠀⠺⠑⠗⠑⠀⠺⠗⠊⠞⠞⠑⠝
⠀⠥⠏⠕⠝⠀⠉⠕⠞⠞⠕⠝⠀⠏⠁⠏⠑⠗⠂⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠊⠞⠀⠊⠎⠀⠞⠓⠕⠥⠛⠓⠞⠀⠀
⠞⠓⠑⠀⠠⠎⠁⠗⠁⠉⠑⠝⠎⠀⠋⠊⠗⠎⠞⠀⠊⠝⠞⠗⠕⠙⠥⠉⠑⠙⠀⠊⠞⠀⠊⠝⠞⠕⠀

These are the same pages the .brf download embosses — form-feed breaks and all. BRF opens in braille software (Duxbury, BrailleBlaster), on embossers, and on refreshable displays.