Skip to contentSkip to Braille Studio

Library / Biology / American Journal of Science, Vol. 1. / Braille

American Journal of Science, Vol. 1. ⠃⠗⠋ braille edition

Grade 1 — uncontracted, letter-for-letter. Translated on this server by our own braille engine (BRF — Braille Ready Format, Library of Congress fdd000551). View Grade 2 instead.

Download .brf — Grade 2 Download .brf — Grade 1 Plain-text reader .txt

966,773 braille cells · 1,022 embossed pages at 40×25 · 4,954 unrepresentable characters omitted

⠅⠑⠽⠎⠆⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠺⠑⠗⠑⠀⠗⠑⠙⠥⠉⠑⠙⠂⠀⠀⠺⠓⠑⠝⠀⠞⠁⠅⠑⠝⠀
⠙⠕⠺⠝⠂⠀⠞⠕⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠎⠁⠍⠑⠀⠞⠕⠝⠊⠉⠆⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠏⠗⠕⠏⠗⠊⠑⠞⠽⠀
⠕⠋⠀⠺⠓⠊⠉⠓⠀⠺⠊⠇⠇⠀⠀⠑⠧⠊⠙⠑⠝⠞⠇⠽⠀⠁⠏⠏⠑⠁⠗⠀⠋⠗⠕⠍⠀⠞⠓⠑
⠀⠋⠕⠗⠑⠛⠕⠊⠝⠛⠀⠗⠑⠍⠁⠗⠅⠎⠲⠀⠠⠞⠓⠑⠀⠋⠕⠇⠇⠕⠺⠊⠝⠛⠀⠞⠁⠃⠇⠑
⠀⠀⠉⠕⠝⠞⠁⠊⠝⠎⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠗⠑⠎⠥⠇⠞⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀
⠊⠝⠧⠑⠎⠞⠊⠛⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠲⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠠⠞⠁⠃⠇⠑⠀⠠⠊⠲⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤
⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠠⠉⠕⠍⠍⠕⠝⠀⠠⠉⠓⠕⠗⠙⠎⠲⠀⠀⠠⠋⠇⠁⠞⠀⠠⠋⠊⠋⠞⠓⠎⠲⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠼⠛⠞⠓⠎⠲⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠼⠊⠤⠎⠑⠧⠑⠝⠞⠓⠎⠲⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤
⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠃⠁⠎⠑⠎⠲⠀⠀⠠⠍⠁⠚⠕⠗⠀⠀
⠠⠍⠊⠝⠕⠗⠀⠀⠠⠍⠁⠚⠕⠗⠲⠀⠠⠍⠊⠝⠕⠗⠲⠀⠠⠍⠁⠚⠕⠗⠲⠀
⠠⠍⠊⠝⠕⠗⠲⠠⠍⠁⠚⠕⠗⠲⠠⠍⠊⠝⠕⠗⠲⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠍⠕⠙⠑⠲⠀⠀
⠍⠕⠙⠑⠲⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤
⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠃⠀⠠⠠⠊⠊⠊⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠼⠑⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠼⠓⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠤⠤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠤⠤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠼⠛⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠤⠤⠀
⠤⠤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠤⠤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠼⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠤⠤⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠼⠁⠋⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠼⠑⠑⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠼⠁⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠼⠁⠛⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠼⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠤⠤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠃⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠼⠙⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠼⠙⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠤⠤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠤⠤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠤⠤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠤⠤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠤⠤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠤⠤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠁⠀
⠠⠠⠧⠊⠊⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠤⠤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠤⠤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠤⠤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠤⠤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠤⠤
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠤⠤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠼⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠤⠤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠁⠀⠠⠠⠊⠊⠊⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠼⠁⠊⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠼⠓⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠤⠤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠤⠤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠼⠛⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀

These are the same pages the .brf download embosses — form-feed breaks and all. BRF opens in braille software (Duxbury, BrailleBlaster), on embossers, and on refreshable displays.