Skip to contentSkip to Braille Studio

Library / Ethics / The Scientific Basis of Morals, and Other Essays / Braille

The Scientific Basis of Morals, and Other Essays ⠃⠗⠋ braille edition

Grade 1 — uncontracted, letter-for-letter. Translated on this server by our own braille engine (BRF — Braille Ready Format, Library of Congress fdd000551). View Grade 2 instead.

Download .brf — Grade 2 Download .brf — Grade 1 Plain-text reader .txt

231,462 braille cells · 245 embossed pages at 40×25 · 39 unrepresentable characters omitted

⠏⠕⠎⠎⠊⠃⠊⠇⠊⠞⠽⠀⠕⠋⠀⠎⠊⠍⠊⠇⠁⠗⠀⠋⠑⠑⠇⠊⠝⠛⠎⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀
⠏⠑⠗⠉⠑⠏⠞⠊⠕⠝⠎⠀⠊⠝⠀⠍⠑⠀⠁⠞⠀⠀⠁⠝⠕⠞⠓⠑⠗⠀⠞⠊⠍⠑⠲⠀⠠⠞⠓⠑
⠀⠺⠓⠕⠇⠑⠀⠏⠗⠕⠉⠑⠎⠎⠀⠗⠑⠇⠁⠞⠑⠎⠀⠞⠕⠀⠍⠑⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠍⠽⠀
⠏⠑⠗⠉⠑⠏⠞⠊⠕⠝⠎⠂⠀⠞⠕⠀⠀⠞⠓⠊⠝⠛⠎⠀⠉⠕⠝⠞⠁⠊⠝⠑⠙⠀⠊⠝⠀⠍⠽⠀
⠍⠊⠝⠙⠲⠀⠠⠃⠥⠞⠀⠺⠓⠑⠝⠀⠠⠊⠀⠊⠝⠋⠑⠗⠀⠞⠓⠁⠞⠀⠽⠕⠥⠀⠁⠗⠑⠀
⠉⠕⠝⠎⠉⠊⠕⠥⠎⠀⠀⠋⠗⠕⠍⠀⠺⠓⠁⠞⠀⠽⠕⠥⠀⠎⠁⠽⠀⠕⠗⠀⠙⠕⠂⠀⠠⠊⠀
⠏⠁⠎⠎⠀⠋⠗⠕⠍⠀⠞⠓⠁⠞⠀⠺⠓⠊⠉⠓⠀⠊⠎⠀⠍⠽⠀⠋⠑⠑⠇⠊⠝⠛⠀⠕⠗⠀⠀
⠏⠑⠗⠉⠑⠏⠞⠊⠕⠝⠂⠀⠺⠓⠊⠉⠓⠀⠊⠎⠀⠊⠝⠀⠍⠽⠀⠍⠊⠝⠙⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠏⠁⠗⠞
⠀⠕⠋⠀⠍⠑⠂⠀⠞⠕⠀⠞⠓⠁⠞⠀⠺⠓⠊⠉⠓⠀⠊⠎⠀⠀⠝⠕⠞⠀⠍⠽⠀⠋⠑⠑⠇⠊⠝⠛
⠀⠁⠞⠀⠁⠇⠇⠂⠀⠺⠓⠊⠉⠓⠀⠊⠎⠀⠕⠥⠞⠎⠊⠙⠑⠀⠍⠑⠀⠁⠇⠞⠕⠛⠑⠞⠓⠑⠗⠂
⠀⠝⠁⠍⠑⠇⠽⠂⠀⠽⠕⠥⠗⠀⠀⠋⠑⠑⠇⠊⠝⠛⠎⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠏⠑⠗⠉⠑⠏⠞⠊⠕⠝⠎⠲
⠀⠠⠝⠕⠺⠀⠞⠓⠑⠗⠑⠀⠊⠎⠀⠝⠕⠀⠏⠕⠎⠎⠊⠃⠇⠑⠀⠏⠓⠽⠎⠊⠉⠁⠇⠀
⠊⠝⠋⠑⠗⠑⠝⠉⠑⠂⠀⠀⠝⠕⠀⠊⠝⠋⠑⠗⠑⠝⠉⠑⠀⠕⠋⠀⠏⠓⠑⠝⠕⠍⠑⠝⠁⠀
⠋⠗⠕⠍⠀⠏⠓⠑⠝⠕⠍⠑⠝⠁⠂⠀⠞⠓⠁⠞⠀⠺⠊⠇⠇⠀⠓⠑⠇⠏⠀⠍⠑⠀⠕⠧⠑⠗⠀⠀
⠞⠓⠁⠞⠀⠛⠥⠇⠋⠲⠀⠠⠊⠀⠁⠍⠀⠕⠃⠇⠊⠛⠑⠙⠀⠞⠕⠀⠁⠙⠍⠊⠞⠀⠞⠓⠁⠞⠀
⠞⠓⠊⠎⠀⠎⠑⠉⠕⠝⠙⠀⠅⠊⠝⠙⠀⠕⠋⠀⠊⠝⠋⠑⠗⠑⠝⠉⠑⠀⠀⠙⠑⠏⠑⠝⠙⠎⠀
⠥⠏⠕⠝⠀⠁⠝⠕⠞⠓⠑⠗⠀⠁⠎⠎⠥⠍⠏⠞⠊⠕⠝⠂⠀⠝⠕⠞⠀⠊⠝⠉⠇⠥⠙⠑⠙⠀⠊⠝
⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠁⠎⠎⠥⠍⠏⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠕⠋⠀⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠥⠝⠊⠋⠕⠗⠍⠊⠞⠽⠀⠕⠋⠀
⠏⠓⠑⠝⠕⠍⠑⠝⠁⠲⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠓⠕⠺⠀⠙⠕⠑⠎⠀⠁⠀⠙⠗⠑⠁⠍⠀⠙⠊⠋⠋⠑⠗⠀
⠋⠗⠕⠍⠀⠺⠁⠅⠊⠝⠛⠀⠇⠊⠋⠑⠦⠀⠠⠊⠝⠀⠁⠀⠋⠁⠊⠗⠇⠽⠀⠉⠕⠓⠑⠗⠑⠝⠞⠀
⠙⠗⠑⠁⠍⠀⠀⠑⠧⠑⠗⠽⠞⠓⠊⠝⠛⠀⠎⠑⠑⠍⠎⠀⠟⠥⠊⠞⠑⠀⠗⠑⠁⠇⠂⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀
⠊⠞⠀⠊⠎⠀⠗⠁⠗⠑⠂⠀⠠⠊⠀⠞⠓⠊⠝⠅⠂⠀⠺⠊⠞⠓⠀⠍⠕⠎⠞⠀⠀⠏⠑⠕⠏⠇⠑⠀
⠞⠕⠀⠅⠝⠕⠺⠀⠊⠝⠀⠁⠀⠙⠗⠑⠁⠍⠀⠞⠓⠁⠞⠀⠞⠓⠑⠽⠀⠁⠗⠑⠀
⠙⠗⠑⠁⠍⠊⠝⠛⠲⠀⠠⠝⠕⠺⠂⠀⠊⠋⠀⠁⠀⠙⠗⠑⠁⠍⠀⠊⠎⠀⠀
⠎⠥⠋⠋⠊⠉⠊⠑⠝⠞⠇⠽⠀⠧⠊⠧⠊⠙⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠉⠕⠓⠑⠗⠑⠝⠞⠂⠀⠁⠇⠇⠀

These are the same pages the .brf download embosses — form-feed breaks and all. BRF opens in braille software (Duxbury, BrailleBlaster), on embossers, and on refreshable displays.