Library / Engineering & Technology / History of Sanitation / Braille
History of Sanitation ⠃⠗⠋ braille edition
Grade 1 — uncontracted, letter-for-letter. Translated on this server by our own braille engine (BRF — Braille Ready Format, Library of Congress fdd000551). View Grade 2 instead.
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196,260 braille cells · 208 embossed pages at 40×25 · 794 unrepresentable characters omitted
⠼⠁⠚⠀⠊⠝⠉⠓⠑⠎⠀⠀⠎⠟⠥⠁⠗⠑⠂⠀⠃⠗⠕⠥⠛⠓⠞⠀⠙⠗⠊⠝⠅⠊⠝⠛⠀ ⠺⠁⠞⠑⠗⠀⠋⠗⠕⠍⠀⠎⠏⠗⠊⠝⠛⠎⠀⠊⠝⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠠⠵⠁⠛⠓⠕⠗⠝⠀ ⠠⠍⠕⠥⠝⠞⠁⠊⠝⠎⠂⠀⠀⠎⠕⠍⠑⠀⠼⠋⠚⠀⠅⠊⠇⠕⠍⠑⠞⠑⠗⠎⠀ ⠙⠊⠎⠞⠁⠝⠞⠲⠀⠠⠞⠓⠑⠀⠁⠟⠥⠑⠙⠥⠉⠞⠀⠉⠕⠝⠞⠕⠥⠗⠑⠙⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀ ⠓⠊⠇⠇⠎⠊⠙⠑⠀⠋⠕⠗⠀⠁⠀⠀⠉⠕⠝⠎⠊⠙⠑⠗⠁⠃⠇⠑⠀⠙⠊⠎⠞⠁⠝⠉⠑⠂⠀ ⠁⠞⠀⠞⠊⠍⠑⠎⠀⠺⠑⠝⠞⠀⠥⠝⠙⠑⠗⠀⠛⠗⠕⠥⠝⠙⠂⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠕⠝⠀ ⠁⠏⠏⠗⠕⠁⠉⠓⠊⠝⠛⠀⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠉⠊⠞⠽⠀⠺⠁⠎⠀⠉⠁⠗⠗⠊⠑⠙⠀⠕⠝⠀ ⠁⠗⠉⠓⠑⠎⠀⠕⠋⠀⠍⠁⠛⠝⠊⠞⠥⠙⠑⠀⠎⠑⠑⠍⠊⠝⠛⠇⠽⠀⠕⠥⠞⠀⠕⠋⠀ ⠏⠗⠕⠏⠕⠗⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠀⠞⠕⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠎⠊⠵⠑⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠉⠓⠁⠝⠝⠑⠇⠲⠀ ⠠⠁⠞⠀⠏⠗⠑⠎⠑⠝⠞⠀⠊⠞⠀⠊⠎⠀⠎⠥⠋⠋⠑⠗⠊⠝⠛⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠋⠁⠞⠑⠀⠕⠋⠀ ⠍⠕⠎⠞⠀⠀⠁⠝⠉⠊⠑⠝⠞⠀⠗⠥⠊⠝⠎⠲⠀⠠⠊⠞⠀⠊⠎⠀⠥⠎⠑⠙⠀⠁⠎⠀⠁⠀ ⠟⠥⠁⠗⠗⠽⠀⠋⠗⠕⠍⠀⠺⠓⠊⠉⠓⠀⠎⠞⠕⠝⠑⠎⠀⠁⠗⠑⠀⠞⠁⠅⠑⠝⠀⠞⠕⠀⠀ ⠉⠕⠝⠎⠞⠗⠥⠉⠞⠀⠃⠥⠊⠇⠙⠊⠝⠛⠎⠀⠊⠝⠀⠝⠑⠁⠗⠃⠽⠀⠞⠕⠺⠝⠎⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀ ⠧⠊⠇⠇⠁⠛⠑⠎⠲⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠺⠓⠊⠇⠑⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠗⠥⠊⠝⠎⠀⠕⠋⠀ ⠁⠟⠥⠑⠙⠥⠉⠞⠎⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠞⠥⠝⠝⠑⠇⠎⠀⠁⠞⠀⠠⠚⠑⠗⠥⠎⠁⠇⠑⠍⠂⠀ ⠠⠁⠞⠓⠑⠝⠎⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠀⠠⠉⠁⠗⠞⠓⠁⠛⠑⠀⠛⠊⠧⠑⠀⠎⠕⠍⠑⠀⠊⠙⠑⠁⠀⠕⠋ ⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠎⠅⠊⠇⠇⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠅⠝⠕⠺⠇⠑⠙⠛⠑⠀⠕⠋⠀⠓⠽⠙⠗⠁⠥⠇⠊⠉⠀ ⠁⠝⠙⠀⠀⠎⠁⠝⠊⠞⠁⠗⠽⠀⠍⠁⠞⠞⠑⠗⠎⠀⠏⠕⠎⠎⠑⠎⠎⠑⠙⠀⠃⠽⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀ ⠑⠝⠛⠊⠝⠑⠑⠗⠎⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠁⠞⠀⠏⠑⠗⠊⠕⠙⠂⠀⠺⠑⠀⠍⠥⠎⠞⠀⠀⠞⠥⠗⠝⠀ ⠞⠕⠀⠠⠗⠕⠍⠑⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠎⠞⠥⠙⠽⠀⠞⠓⠑⠊⠗⠀⠎⠽⠎⠞⠑⠍⠀⠕⠋⠀⠺⠁⠞⠑⠗ ⠀⠎⠥⠏⠏⠇⠽⠂⠀⠙⠗⠁⠊⠝⠎⠀⠋⠕⠗⠀⠎⠑⠺⠁⠛⠑⠀⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀ ⠗⠥⠊⠝⠎⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠑⠊⠗⠀⠍⠁⠛⠝⠊⠋⠊⠉⠑⠝⠞⠀⠃⠁⠞⠓⠎⠀⠞⠕⠀⠋⠕⠗⠍ ⠀⠁⠀⠞⠗⠥⠑⠀⠉⠕⠝⠉⠑⠏⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠎⠅⠊⠇⠇⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀ ⠑⠁⠗⠇⠽⠀⠎⠉⠓⠕⠕⠇⠀⠕⠋⠀⠠⠗⠕⠍⠁⠝⠀⠑⠝⠛⠊⠝⠑⠑⠗⠎⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠞⠓⠑ ⠀⠇⠁⠧⠊⠎⠓⠀⠀⠑⠭⠏⠑⠝⠙⠊⠞⠥⠗⠑⠎⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠗⠑⠁⠎⠥⠗⠑⠀⠃⠽⠀⠞⠓⠑
These are the same pages the .brf download embosses — form-feed breaks and all. BRF opens in braille software (Duxbury, BrailleBlaster), on embossers, and on refreshable displays.