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Die Grundlagen der Arithmetik ⠃⠗⠋ braille edition

Grade 1 — uncontracted, letter-for-letter. Translated on this server by our own braille engine (BRF — Braille Ready Format, Library of Congress fdd000551). View Grade 2 instead.

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266,534 braille cells · 284 embossed pages at 40×25 · 5,203 unrepresentable characters omitted

⠠⠛⠑⠎⠑⠞⠵⠑⠝⠀⠙⠑⠗⠀⠠⠛⠇⠑⠊⠉⠓⠓⠑⠊⠞⠀⠛⠑⠝⠛⠞⠀⠺⠊⠗⠙⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠼⠛⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠼⠋⠋⠲⠀⠀⠠⠙⠗⠊⠞⠞⠑⠎⠀⠠⠃⠑⠙⠑⠝⠅⠑⠝⠒⠀
⠙⠁⠎⠀⠠⠅⠑⠝⠝⠵⠑⠊⠉⠓⠑⠝⠀⠙⠑⠗⠀⠠⠛⠇⠑⠊⠉⠓⠓⠑⠊⠞⠀⠊⠎⠞⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠥⠝⠵⠥⠗⠑⠊⠉⠓⠑⠝⠙⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠼⠛⠛⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠼⠋⠛⠲⠀⠀⠠⠙⠊⠑⠀⠠⠑⠗⠛⠝⠵⠥⠝⠛⠀⠅⠁⠝⠝⠀
⠝⠊⠉⠓⠞⠀⠙⠁⠙⠥⠗⠉⠓⠀⠛⠑⠎⠉⠓⠑⠓⠑⠝⠂⠀⠙⠁⠎⠎⠀⠍⠁⠝⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠵⠥⠍⠀⠠⠍⠑⠗⠅⠍⠁⠇⠀⠑⠊⠝⠑⠎⠀⠠⠃⠑⠛⠗⠊⠋⠋⠑⠎⠀⠙⠊⠑⠀⠠⠺⠑⠊⠎⠑
⠀⠝⠊⠍⠍⠞⠂⠀⠺⠊⠑⠀⠑⠊⠝⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠛⠑⠛⠑⠝⠎⠞⠁⠝⠙⠀
⠑⠊⠝⠛⠑⠋⠓⠗⠞⠀⠊⠎⠞⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠼⠛⠓⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠼⠋⠓⠲⠀⠀⠠⠙⠊⠑⠀⠠⠁⠝⠵⠁⠓⠇⠀⠁⠇⠎⠀
⠠⠥⠍⠋⠁⠝⠛⠀⠑⠊⠝⠑⠎⠀⠠⠃⠑⠛⠗⠊⠋⠋⠑⠎⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠼⠛⠊⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠼⠋⠊⠲⠀⠀⠠⠑⠗⠇⠥⠞⠑⠗⠥⠝⠛⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠼⠓⠚⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠑⠗⠛⠝⠵⠥⠝⠛⠀⠥⠝⠙⠀
⠠⠃⠑⠺⠓⠗⠥⠝⠛⠀⠥⠝⠎⠑⠗⠑⠗⠀⠠⠙⠑⠋⠊⠝⠊⠞⠊⠕⠝⠲⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠼⠛⠚⠲⠀⠀⠠⠙⠑⠗⠀⠠⠃⠑⠵⠊⠑⠓⠥⠝⠛⠎⠃⠑⠛⠗⠊⠋⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠼⠓⠁⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠼⠛⠁⠲⠀⠀⠠⠙⠊⠑⠀⠠⠵⠥⠕⠗⠙⠝⠥⠝⠛⠀⠙⠥⠗⠉⠓⠀
⠑⠊⠝⠑⠀⠠⠃⠑⠵⠊⠑⠓⠥⠝⠛⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠼⠓⠉⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠼⠛⠃⠲⠀⠀⠠⠙⠊⠑⠀⠃⠑⠊⠙⠑⠗⠎⠑⠊⠞⠎⠀
⠑⠊⠝⠙⠑⠥⠞⠊⠛⠑⠀⠠⠃⠑⠵⠊⠑⠓⠥⠝⠛⠲⠀⠠⠃⠑⠛⠗⠊⠋⠋⠀⠙⠑⠗⠀
⠠⠁⠝⠵⠁⠓⠇⠀⠀⠀⠼⠓⠙⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠼⠛⠉⠲⠀⠀⠠⠙⠊⠑⠀
⠠⠁⠝⠵⠁⠓⠇⠂⠀⠺⠑⠇⠉⠓⠑⠀⠙⠑⠍⠀⠠⠃⠑⠛⠗⠊⠋⠋⠑⠀⠠⠋⠀
⠵⠥⠅⠕⠍⠍⠞⠂⠀⠊⠎⠞⠀⠛⠇⠑⠊⠉⠓⠀⠙⠑⠗⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠠⠁⠝⠵⠁⠓⠇⠂⠀⠺⠑⠇⠉⠓⠑⠀⠙⠑⠍⠀⠠⠃⠑⠛⠗⠊⠋⠋⠑⠀⠠⠛⠀
⠵⠥⠅⠕⠍⠍⠞⠂⠀⠺⠑⠝⠝⠀⠑⠎⠀⠑⠊⠝⠑⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠠⠃⠑⠵⠊⠑⠓⠥⠝⠛⠀⠛⠊⠑⠃⠞⠂⠀⠺⠑⠇⠉⠓⠑⠀⠙⠊⠑⠀⠥⠝⠞⠑⠗⠀⠠⠋⠀

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