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Illumination and Its Development in the Present Day ⠃⠗⠋ braille edition

Grade 1 — uncontracted, letter-for-letter. Translated on this server by our own braille engine (BRF — Braille Ready Format, Library of Congress fdd000551). View Grade 2 instead.

Download .brf — Grade 2 Download .brf — Grade 1 Plain-text reader .txt

328,014 braille cells · 345 embossed pages at 40×25 · 321 unrepresentable characters omitted

⠀⠓⠕⠇⠇⠕⠺⠀⠉⠁⠝⠑⠀⠕⠗⠀⠃⠁⠍⠃⠕⠕⠀⠎⠑⠑⠍⠎⠀⠞⠕⠀⠁⠝⠎⠺⠑⠗⠀
⠃⠑⠎⠞⠀⠕⠋⠀⠁⠇⠇⠲⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠁⠀⠎⠓⠁⠗⠏⠀⠅⠝⠊⠋⠑⠀⠊⠎⠀
⠗⠑⠟⠥⠊⠗⠑⠙⠀⠋⠕⠗⠀⠉⠥⠞⠞⠊⠝⠛⠂⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠁⠀⠞⠓⠊⠝⠀⠏⠊⠑⠉⠑⠀
⠕⠋⠀⠍⠑⠞⠁⠇⠀⠞⠕⠀⠀⠋⠕⠗⠍⠀⠁⠀⠎⠏⠗⠊⠝⠛⠀⠞⠕⠀⠓⠕⠇⠙⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀
⠊⠝⠅⠀⠊⠎⠀⠁⠀⠛⠗⠑⠁⠞⠀⠁⠙⠧⠁⠝⠞⠁⠛⠑⠲⠀⠠⠊⠞⠀⠎⠓⠕⠥⠇⠙⠀⠃⠑⠀
⠟⠥⠊⠞⠑⠀⠀⠑⠁⠎⠽⠀⠞⠕⠀⠎⠑⠑⠀⠋⠗⠕⠍⠀⠠⠋⠊⠛⠲⠀⠼⠑⠀⠓⠕⠺⠀⠞⠓⠑
⠀⠏⠑⠝⠀⠎⠓⠕⠥⠇⠙⠀⠃⠑⠀⠉⠥⠞⠲⠀⠠⠞⠓⠑⠀⠛⠗⠑⠁⠞⠀⠞⠓⠊⠝⠛⠀⠞⠕⠀
⠗⠑⠍⠑⠍⠃⠑⠗⠀⠊⠎⠀⠞⠕⠀⠎⠑⠑⠀⠞⠓⠁⠞⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠏⠑⠝⠀⠊⠎⠀⠉⠥⠞⠀
⠺⠊⠞⠓⠀⠁⠀⠝⠊⠉⠑⠀⠉⠓⠊⠎⠑⠇⠀⠏⠕⠊⠝⠞⠂⠀⠁⠎⠀⠀⠞⠓⠊⠎⠀
⠑⠝⠎⠥⠗⠑⠎⠀⠉⠗⠊⠎⠏⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠎⠓⠁⠗⠏⠀⠺⠗⠊⠞⠊⠝⠛⠲⠀
⠠⠁⠝⠕⠞⠓⠑⠗⠀⠊⠍⠏⠕⠗⠞⠁⠝⠞⠀⠙⠑⠞⠁⠊⠇⠀⠊⠎⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠀⠎⠇⠊⠞⠀
⠊⠝⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠝⠊⠃⠲⠀⠠⠞⠓⠊⠎⠀⠎⠓⠕⠥⠇⠙⠀⠃⠑⠀⠚⠥⠎⠞⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀
⠗⠊⠛⠓⠞⠀⠇⠑⠝⠛⠞⠓⠀⠋⠕⠗⠀⠑⠁⠎⠽⠀⠺⠗⠊⠞⠊⠝⠛⠲⠀⠀⠠⠊⠋⠀⠊⠞⠀
⠊⠎⠀⠞⠕⠕⠀⠇⠕⠝⠛⠀⠊⠞⠀⠍⠁⠅⠑⠎⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠏⠑⠝⠀⠞⠕⠕⠀⠎⠕⠋⠞⠂⠀
⠺⠓⠊⠇⠑⠂⠀⠕⠝⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠕⠞⠓⠑⠗⠀⠓⠁⠝⠙⠂⠀⠀⠊⠋⠀⠞⠕⠕⠀⠎⠓⠕⠗⠞⠀
⠊⠞⠀⠊⠎⠀⠙⠊⠋⠋⠊⠉⠥⠇⠞⠀⠞⠕⠀⠺⠗⠊⠞⠑⠀⠺⠊⠞⠓⠀⠊⠞⠲⠀⠠⠞⠓⠑⠀
⠎⠞⠥⠙⠑⠝⠞⠀⠺⠊⠇⠇⠀⠋⠊⠝⠙⠀⠀⠞⠓⠁⠞⠀⠑⠭⠏⠑⠗⠊⠍⠑⠝⠞⠀⠁⠇⠕⠝⠑
⠀⠺⠊⠇⠇⠀⠞⠑⠁⠉⠓⠀⠓⠊⠍⠀⠺⠓⠁⠞⠀⠊⠎⠀⠗⠊⠛⠓⠞⠀⠊⠝⠀⠞⠓⠊⠎⠀
⠍⠁⠞⠞⠑⠗⠲⠀⠠⠁⠝⠀⠀⠓⠕⠥⠗⠀⠕⠗⠀⠞⠺⠕⠀⠎⠏⠑⠝⠞⠀
⠑⠭⠏⠑⠗⠊⠍⠑⠝⠞⠊⠝⠛⠀⠋⠕⠗⠀⠓⠊⠍⠎⠑⠇⠋⠀⠺⠊⠞⠓⠀⠁⠀⠗⠑⠑⠙⠀⠕⠗
⠀⠟⠥⠊⠇⠇⠀⠺⠊⠇⠇⠀⠀⠞⠑⠁⠉⠓⠀⠓⠊⠍⠀⠋⠁⠗⠀⠍⠕⠗⠑⠀⠞⠓⠁⠝⠀
⠏⠁⠛⠑⠎⠀⠕⠋⠀⠊⠝⠎⠞⠗⠥⠉⠞⠊⠕⠝⠲⠀⠠⠃⠑⠽⠕⠝⠙⠀⠚⠥⠎⠞⠀
⠛⠊⠧⠊⠝⠛⠀⠁⠀⠋⠑⠺⠀⠀⠓⠊⠝⠞⠎⠂⠀⠞⠓⠑⠗⠑⠀⠊⠎⠀⠝⠕⠀⠝⠑⠑⠙⠀⠞⠕
⠀⠙⠑⠧⠕⠞⠑⠀⠍⠥⠉⠓⠀⠎⠏⠁⠉⠑⠀⠞⠕⠀⠙⠊⠗⠑⠉⠞⠊⠕⠝⠎⠀⠁⠎⠀⠞⠕⠀
⠓⠕⠺⠀⠞⠕⠀⠀⠉⠥⠞⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠏⠑⠝⠲⠀⠠⠞⠓⠑⠀⠋⠑⠺⠀⠙⠑⠞⠁⠊⠇⠎⠀

These are the same pages the .brf download embosses — form-feed breaks and all. BRF opens in braille software (Duxbury, BrailleBlaster), on embossers, and on refreshable displays.