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Illumination and Its Development in the Present Day ⠃⠗⠋ braille edition

Grade 1 — uncontracted, letter-for-letter. Translated on this server by our own braille engine (BRF — Braille Ready Format, Library of Congress fdd000551). View Grade 2 instead.

Download .brf — Grade 2 Download .brf — Grade 1 Plain-text reader .txt

328,014 braille cells · 345 embossed pages at 40×25 · 321 unrepresentable characters omitted

⠠⠧⠊⠎⠊⠛⠕⠞⠓⠊⠉⠂⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠠⠍⠑⠗⠕⠧⠊⠝⠛⠊⠁⠝⠲⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠠⠠⠇⠕⠍⠃⠁⠗⠙⠊⠉⠀⠠⠠⠺⠗⠊⠞⠊⠝⠛⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠊⠇⠇⠥⠎⠞⠗⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠒⠀
⠠⠠⠋⠊⠛⠲⠀⠼⠙⠲⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠞⠓⠊⠎⠀⠺⠁⠎⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠝⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠁⠇⠀
⠓⠁⠝⠙⠺⠗⠊⠞⠊⠝⠛⠀⠕⠋⠀⠠⠊⠞⠁⠇⠽⠆⠀⠊⠞⠀⠺⠁⠎⠀⠥⠎⠑⠙⠀⠋⠗⠕⠍⠀
⠞⠓⠑⠀⠑⠊⠛⠓⠞⠓⠀⠀⠞⠕⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠑⠇⠑⠧⠑⠝⠞⠓⠀⠉⠑⠝⠞⠥⠗⠊⠑⠎⠲⠀
⠠⠞⠓⠑⠀⠞⠑⠗⠍⠀⠦⠠⠇⠕⠍⠃⠁⠗⠙⠊⠉⠴⠀⠊⠎⠀⠛⠊⠧⠑⠝⠀⠁⠎⠀⠁⠀
⠛⠑⠝⠑⠗⠁⠇⠀⠀⠞⠑⠗⠍⠀⠞⠕⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠺⠗⠊⠞⠊⠝⠛⠀⠕⠋⠀⠠⠊⠞⠁⠇⠽⠀
⠊⠝⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠑⠁⠗⠇⠽⠀⠍⠊⠙⠙⠇⠑⠀⠁⠛⠑⠎⠲⠀⠠⠊⠝⠀⠠⠋⠊⠛⠲⠀⠼⠙⠀
⠎⠕⠍⠑⠀⠀⠋⠗⠑⠑⠀⠗⠑⠝⠙⠑⠗⠊⠝⠛⠎⠀⠁⠗⠑⠀⠛⠊⠧⠑⠝⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠊⠎⠀
⠓⠁⠝⠙⠲⠀⠠⠞⠓⠑⠀⠋⠊⠗⠎⠞⠀⠶⠁⠶⠀⠊⠎⠀⠁⠝⠀⠑⠭⠁⠍⠏⠇⠑⠀⠀⠊⠝⠀
⠕⠝⠑⠀⠕⠋⠀⠊⠞⠎⠀⠑⠁⠗⠇⠊⠑⠎⠞⠀⠎⠞⠁⠛⠑⠎⠂⠀⠺⠗⠊⠞⠞⠑⠝⠀
⠉⠥⠗⠎⠊⠧⠑⠇⠽⠀⠊⠝⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠑⠁⠗⠇⠽⠀⠏⠁⠗⠞⠀⠕⠋⠀⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀
⠝⠊⠝⠞⠓⠀⠉⠑⠝⠞⠥⠗⠽⠲⠀⠠⠞⠓⠑⠀⠝⠑⠭⠞⠂⠀⠎⠓⠕⠺⠝⠀⠊⠝⠀⠶⠃⠶⠀
⠊⠎⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠃⠕⠕⠅⠤⠓⠁⠝⠙⠀⠁⠀⠇⠊⠞⠞⠇⠑⠀⠀⠇⠁⠞⠑⠗⠲⠀⠠⠞⠓⠑⠀
⠞⠓⠊⠗⠙⠀⠑⠭⠁⠍⠏⠇⠑⠀⠶⠉⠶⠀⠊⠎⠀⠁⠀⠇⠁⠞⠑⠗⠀⠙⠑⠧⠑⠇⠕⠏⠍⠑⠝⠞
⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠑⠇⠑⠧⠑⠝⠞⠓⠀⠀⠉⠑⠝⠞⠥⠗⠽⠂⠀⠅⠝⠕⠺⠝⠀⠁⠎⠀
⠦⠃⠗⠕⠅⠑⠝⠀⠠⠇⠕⠍⠃⠁⠗⠙⠊⠉⠲⠴⠀⠠⠊⠞⠀⠍⠁⠽⠀⠃⠑⠀⠝⠕⠞⠑⠙⠀
⠞⠓⠁⠞⠀⠊⠝⠀⠁⠇⠇⠀⠞⠓⠑⠎⠑⠀⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠎⠇⠁⠝⠞⠑⠙⠤⠉⠥⠞⠀⠏⠑⠝⠀
⠓⠁⠎⠀⠃⠑⠑⠝⠀⠥⠎⠑⠙⠲⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠠⠧⠊⠎⠊⠛⠕⠞⠓⠊⠉⠀
⠠⠠⠺⠗⠊⠞⠊⠝⠛⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠞⠓⠑⠀⠞⠊⠞⠇⠑⠀⠦⠠⠧⠊⠎⠊⠛⠕⠞⠓⠊⠉⠴⠀
⠓⠁⠎⠀⠃⠑⠑⠝⠀⠛⠊⠧⠑⠝⠀⠞⠕⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠝⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠁⠇⠀
⠓⠁⠝⠙⠺⠗⠊⠞⠊⠝⠛⠀⠀⠕⠋⠀⠠⠎⠏⠁⠊⠝⠲⠀⠠⠙⠑⠗⠊⠧⠑⠙⠀⠁⠇⠎⠕⠀
⠋⠗⠕⠍⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠠⠗⠕⠍⠁⠝⠀⠉⠥⠗⠎⠊⠧⠑⠂⠀⠊⠞⠀⠙⠑⠧⠑⠇⠕⠏⠑⠙⠀
⠊⠝⠞⠕⠀⠁⠀⠀⠃⠕⠕⠅⠤⠓⠁⠝⠙⠀⠞⠓⠁⠞⠀⠺⠁⠎⠀⠥⠎⠑⠙⠀⠊⠝⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀
⠑⠊⠛⠓⠞⠓⠀⠉⠑⠝⠞⠥⠗⠽⠲⠀⠠⠊⠞⠀⠺⠁⠎⠀⠊⠝⠀⠥⠎⠑⠀⠥⠝⠞⠊⠇⠀⠞⠓⠑

These are the same pages the .brf download embosses — form-feed breaks and all. BRF opens in braille software (Duxbury, BrailleBlaster), on embossers, and on refreshable displays.