Skip to contentSkip to Braille Studio

Library / Engineering & Technology / American Inventions and Inventors / Braille

American Inventions and Inventors ⠃⠗⠋ braille edition

Grade 1 — uncontracted, letter-for-letter. Translated on this server by our own braille engine (BRF — Braille Ready Format, Library of Congress fdd000551). View Grade 2 instead.

Download .brf — Grade 2 Download .brf — Grade 1 Plain-text reader .txt

450,416 braille cells · 472 embossed pages at 40×25 · 1,398 unrepresentable characters omitted

⠙⠑⠧⠑⠇⠕⠏⠍⠑⠝⠞⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠎⠞⠕⠧⠑⠆⠀⠃⠥⠞⠀⠞⠓⠁⠞⠀⠺⠑⠀
⠍⠥⠎⠞⠀⠇⠑⠁⠧⠑⠀⠞⠕⠀⠁⠝⠕⠞⠓⠑⠗⠀⠀⠉⠓⠁⠏⠞⠑⠗⠲⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠠⠠⠉⠓⠁⠏⠞⠑⠗⠀⠠⠧⠲⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠠⠋⠥⠑⠇⠲⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠺⠓⠁⠞⠀⠙⠕⠀
⠽⠕⠥⠀⠃⠥⠗⠝⠀⠊⠝⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠎⠞⠕⠧⠑⠎⠀⠊⠝⠀⠽⠕⠥⠗⠀⠓⠕⠥⠎⠑⠎⠦⠀
⠺⠁⠎⠀⠁⠎⠅⠑⠙⠀⠕⠋⠀⠁⠀⠉⠇⠁⠎⠎⠀⠀⠕⠋⠀⠎⠉⠓⠕⠕⠇⠉⠓⠊⠇⠙⠗⠑⠝⠀
⠊⠝⠀⠁⠀⠎⠍⠁⠇⠇⠀⠠⠏⠑⠝⠝⠎⠽⠇⠧⠁⠝⠊⠁⠀⠞⠕⠺⠝⠲⠀⠠⠓⠁⠝⠙⠎⠀
⠺⠑⠝⠞⠀⠥⠏⠀⠊⠝⠀⠑⠧⠑⠗⠽⠀⠀⠙⠊⠗⠑⠉⠞⠊⠕⠝⠆⠀⠕⠝⠑⠀⠎⠁⠊⠙⠀
⠅⠑⠗⠕⠎⠑⠝⠑⠀⠕⠊⠇⠆⠀⠞⠺⠕⠀⠕⠞⠓⠑⠗⠎⠀⠎⠓⠕⠥⠞⠑⠙⠀⠛⠁⠎⠆⠀⠁⠀
⠋⠑⠺⠀⠀⠗⠑⠏⠇⠊⠑⠙⠀⠺⠕⠕⠙⠆⠀⠍⠕⠎⠞⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠉⠇⠁⠎⠎⠀
⠁⠝⠎⠺⠑⠗⠑⠙⠀⠉⠕⠁⠇⠲⠀⠠⠞⠓⠑⠝⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠞⠑⠁⠉⠓⠑⠗⠀⠀⠍⠁⠙⠑⠀
⠋⠥⠗⠞⠓⠑⠗⠀⠊⠝⠟⠥⠊⠗⠊⠑⠎⠀⠞⠕⠀⠇⠑⠁⠗⠝⠀⠺⠓⠽⠀⠞⠓⠑⠎⠑⠀
⠙⠊⠋⠋⠑⠗⠑⠝⠞⠀⠎⠥⠃⠎⠞⠁⠝⠉⠑⠎⠀⠺⠑⠗⠑⠀⠀⠥⠎⠑⠙⠲⠀⠠⠞⠓⠑⠀
⠞⠓⠗⠑⠑⠀⠺⠓⠕⠀⠁⠝⠎⠺⠑⠗⠑⠙⠀⠛⠁⠎⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠕⠊⠇⠀⠁⠛⠗⠑⠑⠙⠀
⠞⠓⠁⠞⠀⠉⠕⠁⠇⠀⠺⠁⠎⠀⠃⠥⠗⠝⠑⠙⠀⠀⠊⠝⠀⠕⠞⠓⠑⠗⠀⠎⠞⠕⠧⠑⠎⠀⠊⠝
⠀⠞⠓⠑⠊⠗⠀⠓⠕⠥⠎⠑⠎⠂⠀⠃⠥⠞⠀⠞⠓⠁⠞⠀⠕⠊⠇⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠛⠁⠎⠀
⠎⠞⠕⠧⠑⠎⠀⠺⠑⠗⠑⠀⠥⠎⠑⠙⠀⠀⠁⠇⠎⠕⠀⠃⠑⠉⠁⠥⠎⠑⠀⠞⠓⠑⠽⠀⠺⠑⠗⠑
⠀⠎⠕⠀⠉⠕⠝⠧⠑⠝⠊⠑⠝⠞⠲⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠺⠓⠑⠝⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠟⠥⠑⠎⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀
⠺⠁⠎⠀⠁⠎⠅⠑⠙⠀⠺⠓⠽⠀⠉⠕⠁⠇⠀⠺⠁⠎⠀⠥⠎⠑⠙⠂⠀⠊⠝⠎⠞⠁⠝⠞⠇⠽⠀
⠞⠓⠑⠀⠁⠝⠎⠺⠑⠗⠀⠀⠺⠁⠎⠀⠛⠊⠧⠑⠝⠀⠞⠓⠁⠞⠀⠉⠕⠁⠇⠀⠺⠁⠎⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀
⠃⠑⠎⠞⠀⠞⠓⠊⠝⠛⠀⠞⠕⠀⠃⠥⠗⠝⠆⠀⠑⠧⠑⠗⠽⠃⠕⠙⠽⠀⠃⠥⠗⠝⠑⠙⠀⠊⠞⠲
⠀⠀⠠⠝⠕⠺⠀⠞⠓⠊⠎⠀⠺⠁⠎⠀⠝⠕⠞⠀⠟⠥⠊⠞⠑⠀⠞⠗⠥⠑⠂⠀⠃⠥⠞⠀
⠠⠍⠊⠎⠎⠀⠠⠞⠥⠗⠝⠑⠗⠂⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠞⠑⠁⠉⠓⠑⠗⠂⠀⠊⠝⠎⠞⠑⠁⠙⠀⠕⠋⠀⠀
⠊⠍⠍⠑⠙⠊⠁⠞⠑⠇⠽⠀⠉⠕⠗⠗⠑⠉⠞⠊⠝⠛⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠑⠗⠗⠕⠗⠂⠀⠞⠥⠗⠝⠑⠙
⠀⠞⠕⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠏⠥⠏⠊⠇⠎⠀⠺⠓⠕⠀⠓⠁⠙⠀⠁⠝⠎⠺⠑⠗⠑⠙⠀⠀⠺⠕⠕⠙⠂⠀
⠁⠝⠙⠀⠊⠝⠟⠥⠊⠗⠑⠙⠀⠺⠓⠽⠀⠞⠓⠑⠽⠀⠥⠎⠑⠙⠀⠺⠕⠕⠙⠲⠀⠠⠕⠝⠑⠀

These are the same pages the .brf download embosses — form-feed breaks and all. BRF opens in braille software (Duxbury, BrailleBlaster), on embossers, and on refreshable displays.