Skip to contentSkip to Braille Studio

Library / Biochemistry / Familiar Letters on Chemistry, and Its Relation to Commerce, Physiology, and Agriculture / Braille

Familiar Letters on Chemistry, and Its Relation to Commerce, Physiology, and Agriculture ⠃⠗⠋ braille edition

Grade 1 — uncontracted, letter-for-letter. Translated on this server by our own braille engine (BRF — Braille Ready Format, Library of Congress fdd000551). View Grade 2 instead.

Download .brf — Grade 2 Download .brf — Grade 1 Plain-text reader .txt

215,583 braille cells · 229 embossed pages at 40×25 · 72 unrepresentable characters omitted

⠀⠑⠋⠋⠕⠗⠞⠎⠀⠊⠝⠀⠕⠗⠙⠑⠗⠀⠞⠕⠀⠋⠥⠗⠝⠊⠎⠓⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠍⠑⠁⠝⠎⠀
⠕⠋⠀⠗⠑⠎⠊⠎⠞⠁⠝⠉⠑⠀⠞⠕⠀⠊⠞⠎⠀⠁⠉⠞⠊⠕⠝⠂⠀⠺⠓⠊⠇⠑⠂⠀⠊⠝⠀
⠓⠕⠞⠀⠉⠇⠊⠍⠁⠞⠑⠎⠂⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠝⠑⠉⠑⠎⠎⠊⠞⠽⠀⠕⠋⠀⠇⠁⠃⠕⠥⠗⠀⠞⠕
⠀⠏⠗⠕⠧⠊⠙⠑⠀⠋⠕⠕⠙⠀⠊⠎⠀⠋⠁⠗⠀⠇⠑⠎⠎⠀⠥⠗⠛⠑⠝⠞⠲⠀⠀⠠⠕⠥⠗⠀
⠉⠇⠕⠞⠓⠊⠝⠛⠀⠊⠎⠀⠍⠑⠗⠑⠇⠽⠀⠁⠝⠀⠑⠟⠥⠊⠧⠁⠇⠑⠝⠞⠀⠋⠕⠗⠀⠁⠀
⠉⠑⠗⠞⠁⠊⠝⠀⠁⠍⠕⠥⠝⠞⠀⠕⠋⠀⠋⠕⠕⠙⠲⠀⠠⠞⠓⠑⠀⠍⠕⠗⠑⠀⠺⠁⠗⠍⠇⠽
⠀⠺⠑⠀⠁⠗⠑⠀⠉⠇⠕⠞⠓⠑⠙⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠇⠑⠎⠎⠀⠥⠗⠛⠑⠝⠞⠀⠃⠑⠉⠕⠍⠑⠎⠀
⠞⠓⠑⠀⠁⠏⠏⠑⠞⠊⠞⠑⠀⠋⠕⠗⠀⠋⠕⠕⠙⠂⠀⠃⠑⠉⠁⠥⠎⠑⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠇⠕⠎⠎⠀
⠕⠋⠀⠓⠑⠁⠞⠀⠃⠽⠀⠉⠕⠕⠇⠊⠝⠛⠂⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠉⠕⠝⠎⠑⠟⠥⠑⠝⠞⠇⠽⠀⠞⠓⠑
⠀⠁⠍⠕⠥⠝⠞⠀⠕⠋⠀⠓⠑⠁⠞⠀⠞⠕⠀⠃⠑⠀⠎⠥⠏⠏⠇⠊⠑⠙⠀⠃⠽⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀
⠋⠕⠕⠙⠂⠀⠊⠎⠀⠙⠊⠍⠊⠝⠊⠎⠓⠑⠙⠲⠀⠀⠠⠊⠋⠀⠺⠑⠀⠺⠑⠗⠑⠀⠞⠕⠀⠛⠕⠀
⠝⠁⠅⠑⠙⠂⠀⠇⠊⠅⠑⠀⠉⠑⠗⠞⠁⠊⠝⠀⠎⠁⠧⠁⠛⠑⠀⠞⠗⠊⠃⠑⠎⠂⠀⠕⠗⠀⠊⠋
⠀⠊⠝⠀⠓⠥⠝⠞⠊⠝⠛⠀⠕⠗⠀⠋⠊⠎⠓⠊⠝⠛⠀⠺⠑⠀⠺⠑⠗⠑⠀⠑⠭⠏⠕⠎⠑⠙⠀
⠞⠕⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠎⠁⠍⠑⠀⠙⠑⠛⠗⠑⠑⠀⠕⠋⠀⠉⠕⠇⠙⠀⠁⠎⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀
⠠⠎⠁⠍⠕⠽⠑⠙⠑⠎⠂⠀⠺⠑⠀⠎⠓⠕⠥⠇⠙⠀⠃⠑⠀⠁⠃⠇⠑⠀⠺⠊⠞⠓⠀⠑⠁⠎⠑⠀
⠞⠕⠀⠉⠕⠝⠎⠥⠍⠑⠀⠼⠁⠚⠀⠇⠃⠎⠲⠀⠕⠋⠀⠋⠇⠑⠎⠓⠂⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀
⠏⠑⠗⠓⠁⠏⠎⠀⠁⠀⠙⠕⠵⠑⠝⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠁⠇⠇⠕⠺⠀⠉⠁⠝⠙⠇⠑⠎⠀⠊⠝⠞⠕⠀
⠞⠓⠑⠀⠃⠁⠗⠛⠁⠊⠝⠂⠀⠙⠁⠊⠇⠽⠂⠀⠁⠎⠀⠺⠁⠗⠍⠇⠽⠀⠉⠇⠁⠙⠀
⠞⠗⠁⠧⠑⠇⠇⠑⠗⠎⠀⠓⠁⠧⠑⠀⠗⠑⠇⠁⠞⠑⠙⠀⠺⠊⠞⠓⠀
⠁⠎⠞⠕⠝⠊⠎⠓⠍⠑⠝⠞⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠑⠎⠑⠀⠏⠑⠕⠏⠇⠑⠲⠀⠠⠺⠑⠀⠎⠓⠕⠥⠇⠙
⠀⠞⠓⠑⠝⠀⠁⠇⠎⠕⠀⠃⠑⠀⠁⠃⠇⠑⠀⠞⠕⠀⠞⠁⠅⠑⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠎⠁⠍⠑⠀
⠟⠥⠁⠝⠞⠊⠞⠽⠀⠕⠋⠀⠃⠗⠁⠝⠙⠽⠀⠕⠗⠀⠞⠗⠁⠊⠝⠀⠕⠊⠇⠀⠺⠊⠞⠓⠕⠥⠞⠀
⠃⠁⠙⠀⠑⠋⠋⠑⠉⠞⠎⠂⠀⠃⠑⠉⠁⠥⠎⠑⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠉⠁⠗⠃⠕⠝⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀
⠓⠽⠙⠗⠕⠛⠑⠝⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠑⠎⠑⠀⠎⠥⠃⠎⠞⠁⠝⠉⠑⠎⠀⠺⠕⠥⠇⠙⠀⠕⠝⠇⠽⠀
⠎⠥⠋⠋⠊⠉⠑⠀⠞⠕⠀⠅⠑⠑⠏⠀⠥⠏⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠑⠟⠥⠊⠇⠊⠃⠗⠊⠥⠍⠀

These are the same pages the .brf download embosses — form-feed breaks and all. BRF opens in braille software (Duxbury, BrailleBlaster), on embossers, and on refreshable displays.