Skip to contentSkip to Braille Studio

Library / Engineering & Technology / On the Economy of Machinery and Manufactures / Braille

On the Economy of Machinery and Manufactures ⠃⠗⠋ braille edition

Grade 2 — contracted English braille (EBAE-compatible subset). Translated on this server by our own braille engine (BRF — Braille Ready Format, Library of Congress fdd000551). View Grade 1 instead.

Download .brf — Grade 2 Download .brf — Grade 1 Plain-text reader .txt

525,327 braille cells · 550 embossed pages at 40×25 · 71 unrepresentable characters omitted

⠝⠁⠞⠥⠗⠑⠀⠯⠀⠀⠑⠭⠞⠢⠞⠀⠷⠀⠮⠀⠞⠁⠭⠑⠎⠀⠘⠥⠀⠇⠊⠞⠻⠁⠞⠥⠗⠑⠲⠀
⠠⠭⠀⠊⠎⠀⠋⠳⠝⠙⠀⠑⠉⠕⠝⠕⠍⠊⠉⠁⠇⠀⠞⠕⠀⠀⠏⠗⠔⠞⠀⠭⠀⠘⠥⠀⠏⠁⠏⠻
⠀⠷⠀⠁⠀⠧⠀⠇⠜⠛⠑⠀⠎⠊⠵⠑⠂⠀⠎⠀⠞⠀⠁⠇⠹⠳⠛⠓⠀⠀⠹⠊⠗⠞⠽⠤⠞⠺⠕⠀
⠏⠁⠛⠑⠎⠂⠀⠊⠝⠌⠑⠁⠙⠀⠷⠀⠎⠊⠭⠞⠑⠢⠂⠀⠁⠗⠑⠀⠗⠑⠁⠇⠇⠽⠀
⠉⠕⠝⠞⠁⠔⠫⠀⠔⠀⠀⠑⠁⠡⠀⠩⠑⠑⠞⠂⠀⠹⠊⠎⠀⠐⠺⠀⠊⠎⠀⠌⠊⠇⠇⠀
⠉⠁⠇⠇⠫⠀⠕⠉⠞⠁⠧⠕⠲⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠠⠇⠀⠎⠲⠀⠙⠲⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠞⠕⠀⠏⠗⠔⠞⠻⠂⠀⠿⠀⠉⠕⠍⠏⠕⠎⠬⠀⠶⠏⠻⠀
⠩⠑⠑⠞⠀⠷⠀⠼⠉⠃⠀⠏⠁⠛⠑⠎⠶⠀⠠⠇⠼⠉⠀⠼⠁⠎⠲⠀⠼⠁⠚⠀⠼⠁⠸⠌⠃⠀⠀
⠩⠑⠑⠞⠎⠀⠼⠉⠃⠀⠼⠚⠀⠼⠋⠀⠠⠹⠊⠎⠀⠗⠑⠇⠁⠞⠑⠎⠀⠞⠕⠀⠮⠀⠕⠗⠙⠔⠜⠽
⠀⠎⠊⠵⠑⠀⠷⠀⠮⠀⠞⠽⠏⠑⠀⠥⠎⠫⠀⠀⠔⠀⠮⠀⠧⠕⠇⠥⠍⠑⠲⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠞⠕⠀
⠏⠗⠔⠞⠻⠀⠿⠀⠉⠕⠍⠏⠕⠎⠬⠀⠎⠍⠁⠇⠇⠀⠞⠽⠏⠑⠂⠀⠵⠀⠔⠀⠑⠭⠞⠗⠁⠉⠞⠎
⠀⠯⠀⠼⠃⠀⠼⠚⠀⠼⠉⠀⠀⠉⠕⠝⠞⠢⠞⠎⠂⠀⠑⠭⠞⠗⠁⠀⠏⠻⠀⠩⠑⠑⠞⠂⠀
⠼⠉⠎⠲⠀⠼⠁⠚⠰⠙⠲⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠞⠕⠀⠏⠗⠔⠞⠻⠂⠀⠿⠀⠉⠕⠍⠏⠕⠎⠬⠀
⠞⠁⠃⠇⠑⠀⠐⠺⠂⠀⠑⠭⠞⠗⠁⠀⠏⠻⠀⠩⠑⠑⠞⠂⠀⠼⠃⠀⠼⠁⠛⠀⠼⠊⠀⠀⠼⠑⠎⠲
⠀⠼⠋⠰⠙⠲⠀⠀⠀⠠⠁⠧⠻⠁⠛⠑⠀⠡⠜⠛⠑⠀⠿⠀⠉⠕⠗⠗⠑⠉⠞⠊⠕⠝⠎⠂⠀⠏⠻⠀
⠩⠑⠑⠞⠂⠀⠠⠇⠼⠉⠀⠼⠃⠎⠲⠀⠼⠁⠚⠰⠙⠲⠀⠼⠉⠉⠀⠼⠚⠀⠼⠚⠀⠀⠀
⠠⠏⠗⠑⠎⠎⠀⠐⠺⠂⠀⠼⠉⠚⠚⠚⠀⠃⠑⠬⠀⠏⠗⠔⠞⠫⠀⠷⠋⠂⠀⠏⠻⠀⠩⠑⠑⠞⠂⠀
⠠⠇⠼⠉⠀⠼⠁⠚⠎⠲⠀⠼⠉⠋⠀⠼⠁⠑⠀⠼⠚⠀⠀⠀⠠⠏⠁⠏⠻⠀⠿⠀⠼⠉⠚⠚⠚⠂⠀
⠁⠞⠀⠠⠇⠼⠁⠀⠼⠁⠁⠎⠲⠀⠼⠋⠰⠙⠲⠀⠏⠻⠀⠗⠑⠁⠍⠂⠀⠺⠑⠊⠛⠓⠬⠀⠼⠃⠓⠀
⠇⠃⠎⠒⠀⠮⠀⠀⠙⠥⠞⠽⠀⠕⠝⠀⠏⠁⠏⠻⠀⠁⠞⠀⠼⠉⠰⠙⠲⠀⠏⠻⠀⠇⠃⠲⠀
⠁⠍⠳⠝⠞⠎⠀⠞⠕⠀⠼⠛⠎⠲⠀⠏⠻⠀⠗⠑⠁⠍⠂⠀⠎⠀⠞⠀⠮⠀⠀⠼⠋⠉⠀⠗⠑⠁⠍⠎
⠀⠱⠊⠡⠀⠁⠗⠑⠀⠗⠑⠟⠥⠊⠗⠫⠀⠿⠀⠮⠀⠐⠺⠀⠺⠀⠉⠕⠌⠒⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠏⠁⠏⠻
⠀⠼⠛⠛⠀⠼⠉⠀⠼⠋⠀⠀⠀⠠⠑⠭⠉⠊⠎⠑⠀⠠⠙⠥⠞⠽⠀⠼⠃⠃⠀⠼⠁⠀⠼⠚⠀⠀⠀
⠠⠞⠕⠞⠁⠇⠀⠑⠭⠏⠢⠎⠑⠀⠷⠀⠏⠁⠏⠻⠀⠼⠊⠊⠀⠼⠙⠀⠼⠋⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠠⠞⠕⠞⠁⠇⠀⠑⠭⠏⠢⠎⠑⠀⠷⠀⠏⠗⠔⠞⠬⠀⠯⠀⠏⠁⠏⠻⠀⠼⠃⠚⠑⠀⠼⠁⠓⠀⠼⠚

These are the same pages the .brf download embosses — form-feed breaks and all. BRF opens in braille software (Duxbury, BrailleBlaster), on embossers, and on refreshable displays.