Skip to contentSkip to Braille Studio

Library / Biology / An Introduction to the History of Science / Braille

An Introduction to the History of Science ⠃⠗⠋ braille edition

Grade 2 — contracted English braille (EBAE-compatible subset). Translated on this server by our own braille engine (BRF — Braille Ready Format, Library of Congress fdd000551). View Grade 1 instead.

Download .brf — Grade 2 Download .brf — Grade 1 Plain-text reader .txt

392,010 braille cells · 415 embossed pages at 40×25 · 1,179 unrepresentable characters omitted

⠊⠝⠡⠑⠎⠀⠴⠀⠏⠜⠁⠇⠇⠑⠇⠀⠾⠀⠮⠀⠇⠕⠝⠛⠻⠲⠀⠠⠮⠀⠿⠍⠻⠀⠴⠀
⠓⠻⠍⠑⠞⠊⠉⠁⠇⠇⠽⠀⠎⠑⠁⠇⠫⠀⠁⠞⠀⠮⠀⠞⠕⠏⠀⠯⠀⠍⠜⠅⠫⠀⠷⠋⠀⠔⠀
⠿⠞⠽⠤⠑⠊⠛⠓⠞⠀⠟⠥⠜⠞⠻⠤⠊⠝⠡⠀⠎⠏⠁⠉⠑⠎⠲⠀⠠⠊⠝⠞⠕⠀⠮⠀⠕⠏⠢⠬
⠀⠷⠀⠮⠀⠇⠕⠝⠛⠻⠀⠇⠑⠛⠂⠀⠁⠇⠎⠕⠀⠛⠗⠁⠙⠥⠁⠞⠫⠂⠀⠍⠻⠉⠥⠗⠽⠀⠴⠀
⠏⠳⠗⠫⠲⠀⠠⠁⠞⠀⠋⠊⠗⠌⠀⠕⠝⠇⠽⠀⠑⠝⠳⠛⠓⠀⠴⠀⠊⠝⠞⠗⠕⠙⠥⠉⠫⠀⠞⠕
⠀⠋⠊⠇⠇⠀⠮⠀⠁⠗⠡⠂⠀⠕⠗⠀⠃⠢⠞⠀⠐⠏⠀⠷⠀⠮⠀⠞⠥⠃⠑⠀⠃⠑⠇⠪⠀⠮⠀
⠛⠗⠁⠙⠥⠁⠞⠫⠀⠇⠑⠛⠎⠲⠀⠠⠮⠀⠞⠥⠃⠑⠀⠴⠀⠮⠝⠀⠊⠝⠉⠇⠔⠫⠀⠎⠀⠞⠀⠮
⠀⠁⠊⠗⠀⠍⠊⠛⠓⠞⠀⠏⠁⠎⠎⠀⠋⠀⠐⠕⠀⠇⠑⠛⠀⠞⠕⠀⠮⠀⠕⠮⠗⠂⠀⠯⠀
⠑⠟⠥⠁⠇⠊⠞⠽⠀⠷⠀⠏⠗⠑⠎⠎⠥⠗⠑⠀⠁⠞⠀⠮⠀⠌⠜⠞⠀⠃⠑⠀⠁⠎⠎⠥⠗⠫⠲⠀
⠠⠮⠝⠀⠍⠀⠍⠻⠉⠥⠗⠽⠀⠴⠀⠊⠝⠞⠗⠕⠙⠥⠉⠫⠀⠯⠀⠑⠀⠐⠞⠀⠞⠀⠮⠀⠁⠊⠗⠀
⠔⠀⠮⠀⠩⠕⠗⠞⠻⠀⠇⠑⠛⠀⠴⠀⠉⠕⠍⠏⠗⠑⠎⠎⠫⠀⠁⠀⠓⠁⠇⠋⠀⠕⠗⠀⠁⠀
⠟⠥⠜⠞⠻⠀⠷⠀⠁⠝⠀⠊⠝⠡⠂⠀⠁⠀⠗⠑⠉⠕⠗⠙⠀⠴⠀⠍⠁⠙⠑⠀⠷⠀⠮⠀
⠓⠑⠊⠛⠓⠞⠀⠷⠀⠮⠀⠍⠻⠉⠥⠗⠽⠀⠔⠀⠮⠀⠇⠕⠝⠛⠀⠇⠑⠛⠀⠷⠀⠮⠀⠞⠥⠃⠑⠲
⠀⠠⠃⠕⠽⠇⠑⠀⠗⠑⠁⠎⠕⠝⠫⠀⠞⠀⠮⠀⠉⠕⠍⠏⠗⠑⠎⠎⠫⠀⠁⠊⠗⠀⠴⠀
⠎⠥⠌⠁⠔⠬⠀⠮⠀⠏⠗⠑⠎⠎⠥⠗⠑⠀⠷⠀⠮⠀⠉⠕⠇⠥⠍⠝⠀⠷⠀⠍⠻⠉⠥⠗⠽⠀⠔⠀
⠮⠀⠇⠕⠝⠛⠀⠇⠑⠛⠀⠏⠇⠥⠎⠀⠮⠀⠏⠗⠑⠎⠎⠥⠗⠑⠀⠷⠀⠮⠀⠁⠞⠍⠕⠎⠏⠓⠻⠑
⠀⠁⠞⠀⠮⠀⠞⠥⠃⠑⠄⠎⠀⠕⠏⠢⠬⠂⠀⠑⠟⠥⠊⠧⠁⠇⠢⠞⠀⠞⠕⠀
⠼⠃⠊⠤⠃⠸⠌⠁⠋⠀⠊⠝⠡⠑⠎⠀⠷⠀⠍⠻⠉⠥⠗⠽⠲⠀⠠⠐⠎⠀⠷⠀⠮⠀
⠗⠑⠎⠥⠇⠞⠎⠀⠶⠀⠵⠀⠋⠕⠇⠇⠪⠎⠒⠀⠠⠱⠢⠀⠮⠀⠁⠊⠗⠀⠔⠀⠮⠀⠩⠕⠗⠞⠀
⠞⠥⠃⠑⠀⠴⠀⠉⠕⠍⠏⠗⠑⠎⠎⠫⠀⠋⠀⠼⠁⠃⠀⠞⠕⠀⠼⠉⠀⠊⠝⠡⠑⠎⠂⠀⠭⠀⠴⠀
⠐⠥⠀⠁⠀⠏⠗⠑⠎⠎⠥⠗⠑⠀⠷⠀⠼⠁⠁⠛⠤⠊⠸⠌⠁⠋⠀⠊⠝⠡⠑⠎⠀⠷⠀
⠍⠻⠉⠥⠗⠽⠆⠀⠱⠢⠀⠉⠕⠍⠏⠗⠑⠎⠎⠫⠀⠞⠕⠀⠼⠙⠀⠭⠀⠴⠀⠐⠥⠀
⠏⠗⠑⠎⠎⠥⠗⠑⠀⠷⠀⠼⠓⠛⠤⠁⠑⠸⠌⠁⠋⠀⠊⠝⠡⠑⠎⠀⠷⠀⠍⠻⠉⠥⠗⠽⠆⠀⠱⠢
⠀⠉⠕⠍⠏⠗⠑⠎⠎⠫⠀⠞⠕⠀⠼⠋⠂⠀⠼⠑⠓⠤⠁⠉⠸⠌⠁⠋⠆⠀⠞⠕⠀⠼⠊⠂⠀
⠼⠉⠊⠤⠑⠸⠌⠓⠲⠀⠠⠷⠀⠉⠳⠗⠎⠑⠂⠀⠱⠢⠀⠁⠞⠀⠮⠀⠃⠑⠛⠔⠝⠬⠀⠷⠀⠮⠀

These are the same pages the .brf download embosses — form-feed breaks and all. BRF opens in braille software (Duxbury, BrailleBlaster), on embossers, and on refreshable displays.