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Early American Scientific Instruments and Their Makers ⠃⠗⠋ braille edition

Grade 1 — uncontracted, letter-for-letter. Translated on this server by our own braille engine (BRF — Braille Ready Format, Library of Congress fdd000551). View Grade 2 instead.

Download .brf — Grade 2 Download .brf — Grade 1 Plain-text reader .txt

328,141 braille cells · 345 embossed pages at 40×25 · 1,570 unrepresentable characters omitted

⠃⠑⠇⠊⠑⠧⠑⠙⠀⠞⠕⠀⠓⠁⠧⠑⠀⠃⠑⠑⠝⠀⠺⠕⠗⠅⠊⠝⠛⠀⠊⠝⠀⠞⠓⠁⠞⠀
⠉⠊⠞⠽⠀⠁⠎⠀⠑⠁⠗⠇⠽⠀⠁⠎⠀⠼⠁⠛⠛⠓⠲⠀⠠⠓⠊⠎⠀⠝⠁⠍⠑⠀⠋⠊⠗⠎⠞⠀
⠁⠏⠏⠑⠁⠗⠎⠀⠊⠝⠀⠇⠕⠉⠁⠇⠀⠙⠊⠗⠑⠉⠞⠕⠗⠊⠑⠎⠀⠊⠝⠀⠠⠚⠥⠝⠑⠀
⠼⠁⠛⠊⠃⠂⠀⠺⠓⠑⠗⠑⠀⠓⠊⠎⠀⠎⠓⠕⠏⠀⠁⠙⠙⠗⠑⠎⠎⠀⠺⠁⠎⠀⠇⠊⠎⠞⠑⠙
⠀⠁⠎⠀⠠⠝⠕⠲⠀⠼⠙⠉⠀⠠⠎⠕⠥⠞⠓⠀⠠⠋⠗⠕⠝⠞⠀⠠⠎⠞⠗⠑⠑⠞⠲⠀
⠠⠇⠁⠞⠑⠗⠀⠓⠑⠀⠁⠙⠧⠑⠗⠞⠊⠎⠑⠙⠀⠞⠓⠁⠞⠀⠓⠑⠀⠍⠁⠙⠑⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀
⠎⠕⠇⠙⠀⠠⠎⠥⠗⠧⠑⠽⠊⠝⠛⠀
⠊⠝⠎⠞⠗⠥⠍⠑⠝⠞⠎⠤⠤⠠⠞⠑⠇⠑⠎⠉⠕⠏⠑⠎⠂⠀⠠⠎⠑⠭⠞⠁⠝⠞⠎⠂⠀
⠠⠟⠥⠁⠙⠗⠁⠝⠞⠎⠤⠤⠁⠝⠙⠀⠑⠧⠑⠗⠽⠀⠁⠗⠞⠊⠉⠇⠑⠀⠗⠑⠟⠥⠊⠎⠊⠞⠑⠀
⠋⠕⠗⠀⠝⠁⠧⠊⠛⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠂⠀⠎⠥⠗⠧⠑⠽⠊⠝⠛⠂⠀⠇⠑⠧⠑⠇⠇⠊⠝⠛⠂⠀
⠉⠲⠲⠲⠲⠀⠀⠠⠁⠉⠉⠕⠗⠙⠊⠝⠛⠀⠞⠕⠀⠙⠑⠞⠁⠊⠇⠎⠀⠺⠓⠊⠉⠓⠀⠺⠑⠗⠑⠀
⠝⠕⠞⠑⠙⠀⠊⠝⠀⠓⠊⠎⠀⠇⠁⠎⠞⠀⠺⠊⠇⠇⠂⠀⠺⠓⠊⠉⠓⠀⠺⠁⠎⠀⠙⠁⠞⠑⠙⠀
⠠⠚⠥⠝⠑⠀⠼⠁⠂⠀⠼⠁⠛⠊⠛⠂⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠋⠊⠇⠑⠙⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠏⠗⠕⠧⠑⠙⠀⠊⠝
⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠋⠕⠇⠇⠕⠺⠊⠝⠛⠀⠍⠕⠝⠞⠓⠂⠀⠠⠙⠑⠁⠝⠄⠎⠀⠙⠑⠁⠞⠓⠀
⠁⠏⠏⠑⠁⠗⠎⠀⠞⠕⠀⠓⠁⠧⠑⠀⠃⠑⠑⠝⠀⠏⠗⠑⠉⠑⠙⠑⠙⠀⠃⠽⠀⠁⠀⠇⠕⠝⠛⠀
⠊⠇⠇⠝⠑⠎⠎⠲⠀⠠⠓⠑⠀⠙⠑⠎⠊⠛⠝⠁⠞⠑⠙⠀⠓⠊⠎⠀⠞⠺⠕⠀⠎⠊⠎⠞⠑⠗⠎⠀
⠁⠎⠀⠓⠊⠎⠀⠑⠭⠑⠉⠥⠞⠗⠊⠉⠑⠎⠂⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠋⠁⠉⠞⠀⠞⠓⠁⠞⠀
⠓⠊⠎⠀⠺⠊⠇⠇⠀⠎⠏⠑⠉⠊⠋⠊⠑⠙⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠁⠏⠏⠕⠊⠝⠞⠍⠑⠝⠞⠀⠕⠋⠀⠁⠀
⠠⠍⠗⠲⠀⠠⠞⠓⠕⠍⠁⠎⠀⠠⠽⠁⠗⠙⠇⠑⠽⠂⠀⠠⠚⠗⠲⠂⠀⠁⠎⠀⠛⠥⠁⠗⠙⠊⠁⠝
⠀⠕⠋⠀⠓⠊⠎⠀⠞⠓⠗⠑⠑⠀⠉⠓⠊⠇⠙⠗⠑⠝⠀⠊⠝⠙⠊⠉⠁⠞⠑⠎⠀⠞⠓⠁⠞⠀⠓⠑
⠀⠍⠁⠽⠀⠓⠁⠧⠑⠀⠃⠑⠑⠝⠀⠁⠀⠺⠊⠙⠕⠺⠑⠗⠀⠁⠞⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠞⠊⠍⠑⠀⠕⠋⠀
⠓⠊⠎⠀⠙⠑⠁⠞⠓⠲⠀⠀⠠⠁⠀⠎⠥⠗⠧⠑⠽⠊⠝⠛⠀⠉⠕⠍⠏⠁⠎⠎⠀⠃⠽⠀⠞⠓⠊⠎
⠀⠍⠁⠅⠑⠗⠀⠺⠁⠎⠀⠗⠑⠉⠑⠝⠞⠇⠽⠀⠃⠗⠕⠥⠛⠓⠞⠀⠞⠕⠀⠇⠊⠛⠓⠞⠀⠊⠝⠂
⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠠⠉⠇⠁⠗⠅⠀⠠⠉⠕⠥⠝⠞⠽⠀⠠⠓⠊⠎⠞⠕⠗⠊⠉⠁⠇⠀
⠠⠎⠕⠉⠊⠑⠞⠽⠂⠀⠠⠎⠏⠗⠊⠝⠛⠋⠊⠑⠇⠙⠂⠀⠠⠕⠓⠊⠕⠂⠀⠃⠽⠀⠠⠙⠗⠲⠀

These are the same pages the .brf download embosses — form-feed breaks and all. BRF opens in braille software (Duxbury, BrailleBlaster), on embossers, and on refreshable displays.