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Early American Scientific Instruments and Their Makers ⠃⠗⠋ braille edition

Grade 1 — uncontracted, letter-for-letter. Translated on this server by our own braille engine (BRF — Braille Ready Format, Library of Congress fdd000551). View Grade 2 instead.

Download .brf — Grade 2 Download .brf — Grade 1 Plain-text reader .txt

328,141 braille cells · 345 embossed pages at 40×25 · 1,570 unrepresentable characters omitted

⠠⠇⠼⠚⠲⠋⠲⠚⠲⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠊⠝⠀⠠⠁⠉⠉⠕⠥⠝⠞⠀⠺⠊⠞⠓⠀
⠠⠝⠁⠞⠓⠁⠝⠊⠑⠇⠀⠠⠃⠑⠞⠓⠥⠝⠑⠒⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠼⠁⠛⠋⠚⠂⠀
⠠⠁⠥⠛⠥⠎⠞⠒⠀⠠⠁⠀⠛⠁⠥⠛⠊⠝⠛⠀⠗⠕⠙⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠠⠇⠼⠚⠲⠋⠲⠚⠲⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠍⠑⠝⠙⠊⠝⠛⠀⠁
⠀⠞⠑⠇⠑⠎⠉⠕⠏⠑⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠠⠇⠼⠚⠲⠉⠲⠚⠲⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠊⠝⠀⠠⠁⠉⠉⠕⠥⠝⠞⠀⠺⠊⠞⠓⠀
⠠⠉⠁⠏⠞⠁⠊⠝⠀⠠⠍⠉⠠⠁⠝⠙⠗⠑⠺⠀⠠⠍⠊⠗⠊⠉⠅⠀⠕⠋⠀
⠠⠝⠁⠝⠞⠥⠉⠅⠑⠞⠒⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠼⠁⠛⠛⠃⠂⠀⠠⠍⠁⠗⠉⠓⠀
⠼⠃⠁⠒⠀⠠⠋⠕⠗⠀⠼⠃⠀⠉⠕⠍⠏⠁⠎⠎⠑⠎⠂⠀⠼⠁⠀⠇⠑⠁⠙⠑⠙⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠠⠇⠼⠚⠲⠁⠋⠲⠓⠲⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠊⠝⠀⠠⠁⠉⠉⠕⠥⠝⠞⠀⠺⠊⠞⠓⠀
⠠⠉⠁⠏⠞⠁⠊⠝⠀⠠⠗⠕⠃⠑⠗⠎⠕⠝⠀⠠⠉⠗⠕⠉⠅⠑⠞⠞⠒⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠼⠁⠛⠛⠉⠂⠀⠠⠁⠏⠗⠊⠇⠒⠀⠠⠋⠕⠗⠀⠍⠑⠝⠙⠊⠝⠛⠀⠼⠃⠀
⠠⠉⠕⠍⠏⠁⠎⠎⠑⠎⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠇⠼⠚⠲⠋⠲⠃⠲⠀
⠠⠋⠕⠗⠀⠍⠑⠝⠙⠊⠝⠛⠀⠼⠁⠀⠠⠓⠁⠝⠛⠊⠝⠛⠀⠠⠉⠕⠍⠏⠁⠎⠎⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠠⠇⠼⠚⠲⠉⠲⠃⠲⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠊⠝⠀⠠⠁⠉⠉⠕⠥⠝⠞⠀⠺⠊⠞⠓⠀
⠠⠉⠁⠏⠞⠁⠊⠝⠀⠠⠗⠑⠺⠕⠗⠞⠓⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠠⠃⠗⠊⠛⠀⠠⠋⠕⠗⠞⠥⠝⠑⠒
⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠼⠁⠛⠛⠙⠂⠀⠠⠍⠁⠗⠉⠓⠀⠼⠉⠚⠒⠀⠠⠋⠕⠗⠀
⠍⠑⠝⠙⠊⠝⠛⠀⠼⠃⠀⠉⠕⠍⠏⠁⠎⠎⠑⠎⠀⠀⠠⠛⠇⠁⠎⠎⠑⠎⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠠⠇⠼⠚⠲⠛⠲⠚⠲⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠊⠝⠀⠠⠁⠉⠉⠕⠥⠝⠞⠀⠺⠊⠞⠓⠀
⠠⠉⠁⠏⠞⠁⠊⠝⠀⠠⠞⠓⠕⠍⠁⠎⠀⠠⠛⠕⠙⠋⠗⠑⠽⠒⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠼⠁⠛⠛⠙⠂⠀⠠⠁⠏⠗⠊⠇⠀⠼⠛⠒⠀⠠⠋⠕⠗⠀⠼⠁⠀⠠⠞⠑⠇⠑⠎⠉⠕⠏⠑⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠠⠇⠼⠚⠲⠓⠲⠚⠲⠀⠀⠠⠕⠞⠓⠑⠗⠀⠙⠕⠉⠥⠍⠑⠝⠞⠎⠀⠊⠝⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠎⠁⠍⠑⠀
⠉⠕⠇⠇⠑⠉⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠊⠝⠙⠊⠉⠁⠞⠑⠀⠞⠓⠁⠞⠀⠠⠛⠗⠑⠑⠝⠕⠥⠛⠓⠄⠎⠀
⠃⠥⠎⠊⠝⠑⠎⠎⠀⠊⠝⠞⠑⠗⠑⠎⠞⠎⠀⠺⠑⠗⠑⠀⠎⠥⠃⠎⠞⠁⠝⠞⠊⠁⠇⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀
⠝⠕⠞⠀⠇⠊⠍⠊⠞⠑⠙⠀⠍⠑⠗⠑⠇⠽⠀⠞⠕⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠉⠕⠝⠎⠞⠗⠥⠉⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀

These are the same pages the .brf download embosses — form-feed breaks and all. BRF opens in braille software (Duxbury, BrailleBlaster), on embossers, and on refreshable displays.