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Early American Scientific Instruments and Their Makers ⠃⠗⠋ braille edition

Grade 1 — uncontracted, letter-for-letter. Translated on this server by our own braille engine (BRF — Braille Ready Format, Library of Congress fdd000551). View Grade 2 instead.

Download .brf — Grade 2 Download .brf — Grade 1 Plain-text reader .txt

328,141 braille cells · 345 embossed pages at 40×25 · 1,570 unrepresentable characters omitted

⠠⠓⠥⠛⠓⠀⠠⠓⠁⠇⠇⠂⠀⠁⠀⠍⠑⠗⠉⠓⠁⠝⠞⠆⠀⠁⠞⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠎⠁⠍⠑⠀
⠞⠊⠍⠑⠀⠓⠑⠀⠙⠑⠑⠙⠑⠙⠀⠞⠕⠀⠠⠓⠁⠇⠇⠀⠎⠕⠍⠑⠀⠇⠁⠝⠙⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠁⠀
⠓⠕⠥⠎⠑⠀⠁⠙⠚⠁⠉⠑⠝⠞⠀⠞⠕⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠇⠁⠞⠞⠑⠗⠀⠕⠝⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀
⠎⠕⠥⠞⠓⠺⠑⠎⠞⠀⠎⠊⠙⠑⠀⠕⠋⠀⠠⠛⠗⠑⠑⠝⠀⠠⠎⠞⠗⠑⠑⠞⠲⠀⠠⠕⠝⠀
⠠⠚⠁⠝⠥⠁⠗⠽⠀⠼⠑⠂⠀⠼⠁⠓⠉⠛⠂⠀⠓⠑⠀⠙⠑⠑⠙⠑⠙⠀⠞⠕⠀⠓⠊⠎⠀
⠁⠥⠝⠞⠶⠦⠶⠂⠀⠁⠀⠎⠊⠝⠛⠇⠑⠀⠺⠕⠍⠁⠝⠀⠝⠁⠍⠑⠙⠀⠠⠓⠥⠇⠙⠁⠓⠀
⠠⠛⠗⠕⠎⠎⠂⠀⠁⠀⠓⠕⠥⠎⠑⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠇⠁⠝⠙⠀⠕⠝⠀⠠⠁⠝⠝⠀⠠⠎⠞⠗⠑⠑⠞
⠀⠞⠓⠁⠞⠀⠓⠑⠀⠓⠁⠙⠀⠊⠝⠓⠑⠗⠊⠞⠑⠙⠀⠋⠗⠕⠍⠀⠠⠞⠓⠕⠍⠁⠎⠀
⠠⠛⠗⠕⠎⠎⠂⠀⠓⠊⠎⠀⠛⠗⠁⠝⠙⠋⠁⠞⠓⠑⠗⠲⠀⠠⠎⠑⠧⠑⠗⠁⠇⠀⠍⠕⠗⠑⠀
⠗⠑⠁⠇⠀⠑⠎⠞⠁⠞⠑⠀⠝⠑⠛⠕⠞⠊⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠎⠀⠺⠑⠗⠑⠀⠗⠑⠉⠕⠗⠙⠑⠙⠀
⠊⠝⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠉⠕⠥⠗⠎⠑⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠝⠑⠭⠞⠀⠋⠑⠺⠀⠽⠑⠁⠗⠎⠲⠀⠠⠊⠝
⠀⠠⠕⠉⠞⠕⠃⠑⠗⠀⠼⠁⠛⠙⠚⠀⠓⠑⠀⠏⠥⠗⠉⠓⠁⠎⠑⠙⠀⠁⠀⠓⠕⠥⠎⠑⠀⠁⠝⠙
⠀⠇⠁⠝⠙⠀⠕⠝⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠝⠕⠗⠞⠓⠀⠎⠊⠙⠑⠀⠕⠋⠀⠠⠝⠕⠗⠞⠓⠀
⠠⠃⠑⠝⠝⠑⠞⠀⠠⠎⠞⠗⠑⠑⠞⠀⠋⠗⠕⠍⠀⠠⠚⠕⠓⠝⠀⠠⠑⠝⠙⠊⠉⠕⠞⠞⠆⠀⠊⠝
⠀⠠⠚⠁⠝⠥⠁⠗⠽⠀⠼⠁⠛⠙⠁⠀⠇⠁⠝⠙⠀⠕⠝⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠑⠁⠎⠞⠀⠎⠊⠙⠑⠀⠕⠋
⠀⠠⠝⠕⠗⠞⠓⠀⠠⠃⠑⠝⠝⠑⠞⠞⠀⠠⠎⠞⠗⠑⠑⠞⠆⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠊⠝⠀
⠠⠝⠕⠧⠑⠍⠃⠑⠗⠀⠼⠁⠛⠙⠓⠀⠓⠁⠇⠋⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠓⠕⠥⠎⠑⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀
⠇⠁⠝⠙⠀⠕⠋⠀⠠⠑⠙⠺⠁⠗⠙⠀⠠⠏⠑⠇⠇⠂⠀⠁⠙⠚⠁⠉⠑⠝⠞⠀⠞⠕⠀
⠠⠓⠥⠇⠙⠁⠓⠀⠠⠛⠗⠕⠎⠎⠂⠀⠕⠝⠀⠠⠉⠗⠕⠎⠎⠀⠠⠎⠞⠗⠑⠑⠞⠆⠀
⠋⠊⠝⠁⠇⠇⠽⠂⠀⠊⠝⠀⠠⠕⠉⠞⠕⠃⠑⠗⠀⠼⠁⠛⠑⠉⠂⠀⠓⠑⠀⠏⠥⠗⠉⠓⠁⠎⠑⠙
⠀⠇⠁⠝⠙⠀⠕⠝⠀⠠⠞⠊⠇⠑⠎⠞⠕⠝⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠠⠝⠕⠗⠞⠓⠀⠠⠃⠑⠝⠝⠑⠞⠞⠀
⠠⠎⠞⠗⠑⠑⠞⠎⠀⠋⠗⠕⠍⠀⠠⠚⠕⠓⠝⠀⠠⠛⠗⠁⠝⠞⠲⠼⠓⠓⠀⠀⠠⠓⠁⠇⠎⠽⠀
⠙⠊⠑⠙⠀⠕⠝⠀⠠⠚⠁⠝⠥⠁⠗⠽⠀⠼⠃⠂⠀⠼⠁⠛⠋⠛⠂⠀⠁⠞⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠁⠛⠑⠀
⠕⠋⠀⠼⠛⠃⠲⠀⠠⠊⠝⠀⠓⠊⠎⠀⠺⠊⠇⠇⠀⠙⠁⠞⠑⠙⠀⠠⠍⠁⠽⠀⠼⠁⠂⠀
⠼⠁⠛⠋⠋⠂⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠏⠗⠕⠃⠁⠞⠑⠙⠀⠠⠚⠁⠝⠥⠁⠗⠽⠀⠼⠃⠂⠀⠼⠁⠛⠋⠛⠂⠀

These are the same pages the .brf download embosses — form-feed breaks and all. BRF opens in braille software (Duxbury, BrailleBlaster), on embossers, and on refreshable displays.