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Early American Scientific Instruments and Their Makers ⠃⠗⠋ braille edition

Grade 1 — uncontracted, letter-for-letter. Translated on this server by our own braille engine (BRF — Braille Ready Format, Library of Congress fdd000551). View Grade 2 instead.

Download .brf — Grade 2 Download .brf — Grade 1 Plain-text reader .txt

328,141 braille cells · 345 embossed pages at 40×25 · 1,570 unrepresentable characters omitted

⠃⠑⠞⠺⠑⠑⠝⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠍⠁⠅⠑⠗⠎⠀⠕⠋⠀⠺⠕⠕⠙⠑⠝⠀⠊⠝⠎⠞⠗⠥⠍⠑⠝⠞⠎
⠀⠊⠝⠀⠠⠑⠝⠛⠇⠁⠝⠙⠂⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠍⠁⠅⠑⠗⠎⠀⠕⠋⠀⠺⠕⠕⠙⠑⠝⠀
⠉⠇⠕⠉⠅⠎⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠎⠉⠊⠑⠝⠞⠊⠋⠊⠉⠀⠊⠝⠎⠞⠗⠥⠍⠑⠝⠞⠎⠀⠊⠝⠀⠞⠓⠑
⠀⠠⠝⠑⠺⠀⠠⠑⠝⠛⠇⠁⠝⠙⠀⠠⠉⠕⠇⠕⠝⠊⠑⠎⠂⠼⠛⠋⠀⠁⠀⠉⠁⠗⠑⠋⠥⠇⠀
⠎⠞⠥⠙⠽⠀⠓⠁⠎⠀⠋⠁⠊⠇⠑⠙⠀⠞⠕⠀⠗⠑⠧⠑⠁⠇⠀⠁⠝⠽⠀
⠉⠕⠝⠝⠑⠉⠞⠊⠕⠝⠂⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠞⠓⠑⠗⠑⠀⠁⠏⠏⠑⠁⠗⠎⠀⠞⠕⠀⠃⠑⠀
⠇⠊⠞⠞⠇⠑⠀⠊⠋⠀⠁⠝⠽⠀⠏⠁⠗⠁⠇⠇⠑⠇⠀⠃⠑⠞⠺⠑⠑⠝⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠞⠺⠕⠀
⠛⠗⠕⠥⠏⠎⠲⠀⠠⠃⠁⠎⠊⠉⠁⠇⠇⠽⠂⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠥⠎⠑⠀⠕⠋⠀⠺⠕⠕⠙⠀⠋⠕⠗⠀
⠍⠁⠅⠊⠝⠛⠀⠎⠕⠍⠑⠀⠍⠁⠞⠓⠑⠍⠁⠞⠊⠉⠁⠇⠀⠊⠝⠎⠞⠗⠥⠍⠑⠝⠞⠎⠀⠊⠝⠀
⠠⠝⠑⠺⠀⠠⠑⠝⠛⠇⠁⠝⠙⠀⠗⠑⠎⠥⠇⠞⠑⠙⠀⠋⠗⠕⠍⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠝⠁⠞⠊⠧⠑⠀
⠋⠁⠍⠊⠇⠊⠁⠗⠊⠞⠽⠀⠺⠊⠞⠓⠀⠞⠓⠊⠎⠀⠍⠁⠞⠑⠗⠊⠁⠇⠂⠀⠺⠓⠊⠉⠓⠀
⠺⠁⠎⠀⠁⠇⠎⠕⠀⠑⠍⠏⠇⠕⠽⠑⠙⠀⠞⠕⠀⠁⠀⠉⠕⠝⠎⠊⠙⠑⠗⠁⠃⠇⠑⠀
⠙⠑⠛⠗⠑⠑⠀⠋⠕⠗⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠉⠕⠝⠎⠞⠗⠥⠉⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠕⠋⠀⠙⠕⠍⠑⠎⠞⠊⠉⠀
⠁⠝⠙⠀⠁⠛⠗⠊⠉⠥⠇⠞⠥⠗⠁⠇⠀⠊⠍⠏⠇⠑⠍⠑⠝⠞⠎⠂⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠋⠗⠕⠍⠀
⠞⠓⠑⠀⠋⠁⠉⠞⠀⠞⠓⠁⠞⠀⠍⠁⠝⠽⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠑⠁⠗⠇⠽⠀
⠉⠇⠕⠉⠅⠍⠁⠅⠑⠗⠎⠀⠓⠁⠙⠀⠃⠑⠑⠝⠀⠞⠗⠁⠊⠝⠑⠙⠀⠁⠎⠀⠕⠗⠀⠃⠽⠀
⠉⠁⠃⠊⠝⠑⠞⠀⠍⠁⠅⠑⠗⠎⠂⠀⠉⠁⠗⠏⠑⠝⠞⠑⠗⠎⠂⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠑⠧⠑⠝⠀
⠙⠊⠎⠓⠀⠞⠥⠗⠝⠑⠗⠎⠲⠀⠠⠗⠁⠝⠙⠕⠍⠀⠑⠭⠁⠍⠏⠇⠑⠎⠀⠕⠋⠀⠁⠀⠋⠑⠺⠀
⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠍⠕⠗⠑⠀⠏⠗⠕⠍⠊⠝⠑⠝⠞⠀⠉⠇⠕⠉⠅⠍⠁⠅⠑⠗⠎⠀⠁⠗⠑⠀
⠠⠚⠕⠎⠑⠏⠓⠀⠠⠓⠕⠏⠅⠊⠝⠎⠂⠀⠁⠀⠺⠕⠕⠙⠀⠞⠥⠗⠝⠑⠗⠆⠀
⠠⠉⠓⠁⠥⠝⠉⠑⠽⠀⠠⠚⠑⠗⠕⠍⠑⠂⠀⠺⠓⠕⠀⠓⠁⠙⠀⠃⠑⠑⠝⠀
⠁⠏⠏⠗⠑⠝⠞⠊⠉⠑⠙⠀⠞⠕⠀⠁⠀⠺⠕⠕⠙⠀⠞⠥⠗⠝⠑⠗⠆⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠠⠎⠊⠇⠁⠎
⠀⠠⠓⠕⠁⠙⠇⠑⠽⠂⠀⠺⠓⠕⠀⠓⠁⠙⠀⠺⠕⠗⠅⠑⠙⠀⠺⠊⠞⠓⠀⠁⠀⠉⠁⠃⠊⠝⠑⠞
⠀⠍⠁⠅⠑⠗⠲⠀⠀⠠⠏⠑⠗⠓⠁⠏⠎⠀⠁⠀⠃⠁⠎⠊⠎⠀⠋⠕⠗⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀
⠏⠗⠑⠧⠁⠇⠑⠝⠉⠑⠀⠕⠋⠀⠺⠕⠕⠙⠀⠊⠝⠀⠞⠓⠑⠎⠑⠀⠞⠗⠁⠙⠑⠎⠀⠊⠎⠀⠞⠕

These are the same pages the .brf download embosses — form-feed breaks and all. BRF opens in braille software (Duxbury, BrailleBlaster), on embossers, and on refreshable displays.