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Library / Biology / Scientific American, Vol. XLIII.—No. 1. [New Series.], July 3, 1880 / Braille

Scientific American, Vol. XLIII.—No. 1. [New Series.], July 3, 1880 ⠃⠗⠋ braille edition

Grade 2 — contracted English braille (EBAE-compatible subset). Translated on this server by our own braille engine (BRF — Braille Ready Format, Library of Congress fdd000551). View Grade 1 instead.

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182,701 braille cells · 186 embossed pages at 40×25 · 1,085 unrepresentable characters omitted

⠛⠁⠔⠬⠀⠗⠁⠞⠑⠀⠷⠀⠼⠉⠀⠎⠑⠉⠲⠀⠏⠻⠀⠙⠁⠽⠆⠀⠕⠝⠀⠮⠀⠼⠁⠓⠹⠂⠀
⠺⠁⠞⠡⠀⠠⠝⠕⠲⠀⠼⠙⠀⠸⠓⠀⠁⠀⠛⠁⠔⠬⠀⠗⠁⠞⠑⠀⠷⠀⠼⠃⠲⠛⠀⠎⠑⠉⠲⠂
⠀⠯⠀⠊⠎⠀⠏⠇⠕⠞⠞⠫⠀⠃⠑⠇⠪⠀⠮⠀⠹⠊⠉⠅⠀⠇⠔⠑⠆⠀⠕⠝⠀⠮⠀⠼⠁⠊⠹⠀
⠯⠀⠼⠃⠚⠹⠀⠭⠀⠴⠀⠇⠑⠎⠎⠀⠹⠁⠝⠀⠼⠉⠀⠎⠑⠉⠲⠂⠀⠃⠀⠕⠝⠀⠮⠀⠼⠃⠁⠌
⠀⠮⠀⠗⠁⠞⠑⠀⠊⠝⠉⠗⠑⠁⠎⠫⠀⠞⠕⠀⠼⠙⠲⠓⠀⠎⠑⠉⠲⠂⠀⠯⠀⠮⠀⠉⠥⠗⠧⠑
⠀⠗⠊⠎⠑⠎⠀⠁⠃⠕⠧⠑⠀⠮⠀⠇⠔⠑⠲⠀⠠⠮⠀⠎⠁⠍⠑⠀⠗⠥⠇⠑⠀⠊⠎⠀
⠋⠕⠇⠇⠪⠫⠀⠾⠀⠇⠕⠎⠬⠀⠗⠁⠞⠑⠎⠆⠀⠯⠂⠀⠮⠗⠑⠿⠑⠂⠀⠑⠁⠡⠀⠉⠥⠗⠧⠑
⠀⠩⠪⠎⠀⠱⠑⠮⠗⠀⠮⠀⠺⠁⠞⠡⠀⠴⠀⠛⠁⠔⠬⠀⠕⠗⠀⠇⠕⠎⠬⠀⠕⠝⠀⠊⠞⠎⠀
⠕⠺⠝⠀⠗⠁⠞⠑⠲⠀⠀⠠⠿⠀⠉⠕⠝⠧⠢⠊⠢⠞⠀⠗⠑⠋⠻⠢⠉⠑⠀⠮⠀⠃⠜⠕⠍⠑⠞⠻
⠀⠯⠀⠞⠑⠍⠏⠻⠁⠞⠥⠗⠑⠀⠉⠥⠗⠧⠑⠎⠀⠁⠗⠑⠀⠏⠇⠕⠞⠞⠫⠀⠕⠝⠀⠮⠀
⠎⠁⠍⠑⠀⠩⠑⠑⠞⠆⠀⠁⠇⠹⠳⠛⠓⠀⠋⠀⠮⠀⠩⠕⠗⠞⠀⠐⠞⠀⠁⠞⠀⠉⠕⠍⠍⠯⠀⠮
⠀⠺⠁⠞⠡⠑⠎⠀⠉⠳⠇⠙⠀⠕⠝⠇⠽⠀⠃⠑⠀⠞⠑⠌⠫⠀⠔⠀⠐⠕⠀⠏⠕⠎⠊⠞⠊⠕⠝⠂
⠀⠁⠀⠛⠇⠁⠝⠉⠑⠀⠁⠞⠀⠮⠀⠙⠊⠁⠛⠗⠁⠍⠀⠺⠀⠩⠪⠀⠞⠀⠔⠀⠐⠎⠀
⠙⠑⠛⠗⠑⠑⠀⠁⠞⠀⠇⠑⠁⠌⠀⠮⠀⠞⠑⠍⠏⠻⠁⠞⠥⠗⠑⠀⠁⠙⠚⠥⠌⠍⠢⠞⠀⠯⠀⠮
⠀⠊⠎⠕⠡⠗⠕⠝⠁⠇⠀⠏⠗⠕⠏⠻⠞⠊⠑⠎⠀⠷⠀⠮⠀⠃⠁⠇⠁⠝⠉⠑⠀⠎⠏⠗⠬⠎⠀⠶
⠀⠁⠇⠎⠕⠀⠞⠑⠌⠫⠆⠀⠯⠀⠠⠊⠀⠺⠊⠩⠀⠞⠕⠀⠉⠁⠇⠇⠀⠽⠳⠗⠀
⠁⠞⠞⠢⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠞⠕⠀⠮⠀⠋⠁⠉⠞⠀⠞⠀⠮⠀⠱⠕⠇⠑⠀⠷⠀⠘⠮⠀⠩⠪⠀⠔⠀⠁⠀
⠍⠀⠕⠗⠀⠇⠑⠎⠎⠀⠙⠑⠛⠗⠑⠑⠀⠁⠀⠍⠜⠅⠫⠀⠗⠑⠎⠏⠕⠝⠎⠑⠀⠞⠕⠀⠮⠀
⠡⠁⠝⠛⠑⠀⠔⠀⠞⠑⠍⠏⠻⠁⠞⠥⠗⠑⠂⠀⠐⠎⠀⠃⠑⠬⠀⠕⠧⠻⠀⠯⠀⠕⠮⠗⠎⠀⠐⠥
⠀⠉⠕⠗⠗⠑⠉⠞⠫⠲⠀⠀⠠⠹⠊⠎⠀⠋⠁⠉⠞⠀⠊⠎⠀⠊⠍⠏⠕⠗⠞⠁⠝⠞⠂⠀
⠃⠑⠉⠁⠥⠎⠑⠀⠭⠀⠁⠙⠙⠎⠀⠁⠝⠕⠮⠗⠀⠏⠗⠕⠷⠀⠞⠀⠮⠀⠕⠇⠙⠀⠿⠍⠀⠷⠀
⠉⠕⠍⠏⠢⠎⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠃⠁⠇⠁⠝⠉⠑⠤⠤⠑⠧⠢⠀⠱⠢⠀⠉⠕⠍⠃⠔⠫⠀⠾⠀
⠡⠗⠕⠝⠕⠍⠑⠞⠻⠀⠎⠏⠗⠬⠀⠯⠀⠑⠎⠉⠁⠏⠑⠍⠢⠞⠀⠯⠀⠁⠇⠇⠀⠮⠀
⠗⠑⠋⠔⠑⠍⠢⠞⠎⠀⠱⠊⠡⠀⠮⠀⠃⠑⠌⠀⠍⠕⠙⠻⠝⠀⠺⠕⠗⠅⠍⠁⠝⠀⠉⠀⠁⠙⠙⠀
⠞⠕⠀⠭⠤⠤⠋⠁⠊⠇⠎⠀⠞⠕⠀⠽⠊⠑⠇⠙⠀⠁⠀⠉⠕⠍⠏⠇⠑⠞⠑⠀

These are the same pages the .brf download embosses — form-feed breaks and all. BRF opens in braille software (Duxbury, BrailleBlaster), on embossers, and on refreshable displays.