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Bridge Axioms and Laws ⠃⠗⠋ braille edition

Grade 1 — uncontracted, letter-for-letter. Translated on this server by our own braille engine (BRF — Braille Ready Format, Library of Congress fdd000551). View Grade 2 instead.

Download .brf — Grade 2 Download .brf — Grade 1 Plain-text reader .txt

64,978 braille cells · 67 embossed pages at 40×25 · 549 unrepresentable characters omitted

⠠⠁⠧⠕⠊⠙⠀⠁⠇⠇⠀⠺⠑⠁⠅⠀⠗⠑⠙⠀⠍⠁⠅⠑⠎⠀⠕⠝⠀⠏⠁⠗⠞⠝⠑⠗⠄⠎⠀
⠏⠁⠎⠎⠲⠀⠀⠠⠙⠑⠉⠇⠁⠗⠑⠀⠉⠇⠥⠃⠎⠀⠊⠝⠎⠞⠑⠁⠙⠀⠕⠋⠀⠎⠏⠁⠙⠑⠎⠀
⠺⠓⠑⠝⠀⠽⠕⠥⠀⠓⠕⠇⠙⠀⠃⠥⠞⠀⠕⠝⠑⠀⠕⠗⠀⠞⠺⠕⠀⠎⠏⠁⠙⠑⠎⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀
⠁⠀⠉⠇⠥⠃⠀⠎⠥⠊⠞⠀⠕⠋⠀⠋⠕⠥⠗⠀⠕⠗⠀⠍⠕⠗⠑⠀⠉⠁⠗⠙⠎⠀
⠊⠝⠉⠇⠥⠙⠊⠝⠛⠀⠞⠺⠕⠀⠓⠕⠝⠕⠥⠗⠎⠲⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠔⠔⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠔⠔⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠔⠔⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠔⠔⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠔⠔⠀⠀⠠⠙⠑⠉⠇⠁⠗⠑⠀
⠽⠕⠥⠗⠀⠃⠑⠎⠞⠀⠎⠥⠊⠞⠀⠁⠞⠀⠁⠀⠎⠉⠕⠗⠑⠀⠕⠋⠀⠼⠃⠙⠀⠁⠇⠇⠀⠕⠝⠀
⠞⠓⠑⠀⠗⠥⠃⠃⠑⠗⠀⠛⠁⠍⠑⠲⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠠⠕⠗⠊⠛⠊⠝⠁⠇⠀
⠠⠠⠇⠑⠁⠙⠎⠀⠠⠠⠁⠛⠁⠊⠝⠎⠞⠀⠠⠁⠀⠠⠠⠙⠑⠉⠇⠁⠗⠑⠙⠀⠠⠠⠞⠗⠥⠍⠏⠀
⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤
⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠠⠇⠑⠁⠙⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠠⠋⠗⠕⠍⠀
⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤
⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠁⠉⠑⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠁⠉⠑⠀
⠁⠝⠙⠀⠕⠞⠓⠑⠗⠎⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠠⠁⠉⠑⠂⠀⠠⠅⠊⠝⠛⠀⠕⠝⠇⠽⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤
⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠅⠊⠝⠛⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠁⠉⠑⠂⠀
⠠⠅⠊⠝⠛⠂⠀⠠⠟⠥⠑⠑⠝⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠠⠁⠉⠑⠂⠀⠠⠅⠊⠝⠛⠀⠠⠭⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤
⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠟⠥⠑⠑⠝⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠠⠟⠥⠑⠑⠝⠂⠀⠠⠚⠁⠉⠅⠂⠀⠞⠑⠝⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠠⠟⠥⠑⠑⠝⠂⠀⠠⠚⠁⠉⠅⠂⠀⠝⠊⠝⠑⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀
⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤
⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠤⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠚⠁⠉⠅⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠠⠚⠁⠉⠅⠂

These are the same pages the .brf download embosses — form-feed breaks and all. BRF opens in braille software (Duxbury, BrailleBlaster), on embossers, and on refreshable displays.