Library / Engineering & Technology / The Panama Canal and Its Makers / Braille
The Panama Canal and Its Makers ⠃⠗⠋ braille edition
Grade 2 — contracted English braille (EBAE-compatible subset). Translated on this server by our own braille engine (BRF — Braille Ready Format, Library of Congress fdd000551). View Grade 1 instead.
Download .brf — Grade 2 Download .brf — Grade 1 Plain-text reader .txt
151,758 braille cells · 157 embossed pages at 40×25 · 1,005 unrepresentable characters omitted
⠠⠝⠊⠉⠜⠁⠛⠥⠁⠝⠀⠉⠁⠝⠁⠇⠀⠇⠁⠽⠀⠾⠔⠀⠞⠻⠗⠊⠞⠕⠗⠽⠀⠕⠧⠻⠀⠱⠊⠡ ⠀⠠⠛⠗⠑⠁⠞⠀⠠⠃⠗⠊⠞⠁⠔⠀⠸⠓⠀⠇⠕⠝⠛⠀⠑⠭⠻⠉⠊⠎⠫⠀⠉⠕⠝⠞⠗⠕⠇⠲ ⠀⠠⠋⠥⠗⠮⠗⠂⠀⠮⠀⠠⠏⠁⠉⠊⠋⠊⠉⠀⠠⠉⠕⠁⠌⠀⠷⠀⠠⠉⠁⠝⠁⠙⠁⠀⠸⠓⠀ ⠗⠑⠉⠢⠞⠇⠽⠀⠁⠉⠟⠥⠊⠗⠫⠀⠊⠍⠏⠕⠗⠞⠁⠝⠉⠑⠀⠞⠕⠀⠮⠀⠑⠁⠌⠻⠝⠀ ⠏⠗⠕⠧⠔⠉⠑⠎⠀⠯⠀⠞⠕⠀⠮⠀⠓⠕⠍⠑⠀⠉⠳⠝⠞⠗⠽⠂⠀⠯⠀⠁⠉⠉⠑⠎⠎⠀ ⠮⠗⠑⠞⠕⠀⠴⠀⠑⠭⠞⠗⠑⠍⠑⠇⠽⠀⠙⠊⠋⠋⠊⠉⠥⠇⠞⠲⠀⠠⠮⠀⠕⠥⠞⠉⠕⠍⠑⠀ ⠷⠀⠘⠮⠀⠉⠊⠗⠉⠥⠍⠌⠁⠝⠉⠑⠎⠀⠴⠀⠮⠀⠉⠕⠝⠉⠇⠥⠎⠊⠕⠝⠀⠔⠀⠼⠁⠓⠑⠚ ⠀⠷⠀⠮⠀⠉⠑⠇⠑⠃⠗⠁⠞⠫⠀⠠⠉⠇⠁⠽⠞⠕⠝⠤⠠⠃⠥⠇⠺⠻⠀⠞⠗⠑⠁⠞⠽⠀ ⠃⠑⠞⠺⠑⠢⠀⠮⠀⠠⠥⠝⠊⠞⠫⠀⠠⠌⠁⠞⠑⠎⠀⠯⠀⠠⠛⠗⠑⠁⠞⠀⠠⠃⠗⠊⠞⠁⠔⠂ ⠀⠱⠊⠡⠀⠴⠀⠙⠥⠇⠽⠀⠗⠁⠞⠊⠋⠊⠫⠀⠃⠽⠀⠠⠉⠕⠝⠛⠗⠑⠎⠎⠲⠀⠠⠃⠽⠀ ⠹⠊⠎⠀⠊⠝⠌⠗⠥⠍⠢⠞⠀⠭⠀⠴⠀⠁⠛⠗⠑⠫⠀⠞⠀⠝⠑⠊⠮⠗⠀⠠⠛⠕⠧⠻⠝⠍⠢⠞ ⠀⠩⠳⠇⠙⠀⠑⠧⠻⠀⠕⠃⠞⠁⠔⠀⠕⠗⠀⠍⠁⠔⠞⠁⠔⠀⠿⠀⠊⠞⠎⠑⠇⠋⠀⠁⠝⠽⠀ ⠑⠭⠉⠇⠥⠎⠊⠧⠑⠀⠉⠕⠝⠞⠗⠕⠇⠀⠷⠀⠁⠝⠽⠀⠉⠁⠝⠁⠇⠀⠉⠕⠝⠝⠑⠉⠞⠬⠀⠮ ⠀⠠⠁⠞⠇⠁⠝⠞⠊⠉⠀⠯⠀⠠⠏⠁⠉⠊⠋⠊⠉⠀⠠⠕⠉⠑⠁⠝⠎⠂⠀⠝⠕⠗⠀⠑⠗⠑⠉⠞ ⠀⠿⠞⠊⠋⠊⠉⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠎⠀⠉⠕⠍⠍⠯⠬⠀⠮⠀⠎⠁⠍⠑⠲⠀⠀⠠⠹⠊⠎⠀ ⠞⠗⠑⠁⠞⠽⠀⠗⠑⠍⠁⠔⠫⠀⠔⠀⠿⠉⠑⠀⠥⠝⠞⠊⠇⠀⠼⠁⠊⠚⠁⠂⠀⠯⠀⠠⠊⠀ ⠩⠁⠇⠇⠀⠓⠀⠞⠕⠀⠗⠑⠋⠻⠀⠞⠕⠀⠭⠀⠁⠛⠁⠔⠲⠀⠠⠍⠑⠁⠝⠱⠊⠇⠑⠀⠮⠀ ⠛⠗⠑⠁⠞⠀⠗⠥⠩⠀⠷⠀⠛⠕⠇⠙⠤⠎⠑⠑⠅⠻⠎⠀⠞⠕⠀⠠⠉⠁⠇⠊⠿⠝⠊⠁⠀⠸⠓⠀ ⠎⠥⠏⠏⠇⠊⠫⠀⠮⠀⠝⠑⠫⠋⠥⠇⠀⠌⠊⠍⠥⠇⠥⠎⠀⠞⠕⠀⠁⠀⠎⠡⠑⠍⠑⠂⠀ ⠁⠇⠗⠑⠁⠙⠽⠀⠍⠕⠕⠞⠫⠂⠀⠷⠀⠁⠝⠀⠠⠊⠌⠓⠍⠊⠁⠝⠀⠗⠁⠊⠇⠺⠁⠽⠀ ⠞⠻⠍⠔⠁⠞⠬⠀⠁⠞⠀⠠⠏⠁⠝⠁⠍⠁⠲⠀⠠⠔⠀⠎⠏⠊⠞⠑⠀⠷⠀⠮⠀⠑⠝⠕⠗⠍⠳⠎ ⠀⠙⠊⠋⠋⠊⠉⠥⠇⠞⠊⠑⠎⠀⠑⠝⠞⠁⠊⠇⠫⠀⠃⠽⠀⠮⠀⠏⠑⠌⠊⠇⠢⠞⠊⠁⠇⠀ ⠉⠇⠊⠍⠁⠞⠑⠂⠀⠮⠀⠥⠝⠙⠻⠞⠁⠅⠬⠀⠴⠀⠉⠕⠍⠏⠇⠑⠞⠫⠀⠔⠀⠼⠁⠓⠑⠑⠲⠀ ⠠⠹⠊⠎⠀⠁⠡⠊⠑⠧⠑⠍⠢⠞⠂⠀⠕⠗⠊⠛⠔⠁⠞⠬⠀⠔⠀⠠⠝⠑⠺⠀⠠⠽⠕⠗⠅⠂⠀⠴ ⠀⠮⠀⠐⠺⠀⠷⠀⠠⠺⠲⠠⠓⠲⠀⠠⠁⠎⠏⠔⠺⠁⠇⠇⠂⠀⠠⠓⠢⠗⠽⠀
These are the same pages the .brf download embosses — form-feed breaks and all. BRF opens in braille software (Duxbury, BrailleBlaster), on embossers, and on refreshable displays.