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Library / Engineering & Technology / The Panama Canal and Its Makers / Braille

The Panama Canal and Its Makers ⠃⠗⠋ braille edition

Grade 1 — uncontracted, letter-for-letter. Translated on this server by our own braille engine (BRF — Braille Ready Format, Library of Congress fdd000551). View Grade 2 instead.

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178,472 braille cells · 187 embossed pages at 40×25 · 723 unrepresentable characters omitted

⠊⠝⠀⠎⠑⠧⠑⠗⠁⠇⠀⠗⠑⠎⠏⠑⠉⠞⠎⠀⠁⠝⠀⠑⠇⠑⠍⠑⠝⠞⠀⠕⠋⠀
⠎⠁⠋⠑⠞⠽⠂⠀⠝⠕⠞⠂⠀⠁⠎⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠇⠁⠽⠍⠁⠝⠀⠍⠊⠛⠓⠞⠀
⠎⠥⠏⠏⠕⠎⠑⠂⠀⠕⠋⠀⠙⠁⠝⠛⠑⠗⠲⠀⠠⠞⠓⠑⠀⠓⠽⠙⠗⠕⠎⠞⠁⠞⠊⠉⠀
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⠉⠕⠥⠗⠎⠑⠂⠀⠎⠕⠇⠑⠇⠽⠀⠥⠏⠕⠝⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠙⠑⠏⠞⠓⠀⠕⠋⠀⠺⠁⠞⠑⠗⠂⠀
⠝⠕⠞⠀⠥⠏⠕⠝⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠁⠗⠑⠁⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠇⠁⠅⠑⠂⠀⠺⠓⠊⠇⠑⠀⠞⠓⠑
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⠞⠓⠑⠀⠍⠕⠗⠑⠀⠝⠑⠁⠗⠇⠽⠀⠎⠞⠁⠛⠝⠁⠝⠞⠀⠁⠗⠑⠀⠊⠞⠎⠀⠺⠁⠞⠑⠗⠎⠲
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⠁⠝⠙⠀⠏⠗⠕⠋⠊⠇⠑⠀⠺⠊⠇⠇⠀⠝⠕⠞⠀⠓⠁⠧⠑⠀⠞⠕⠀⠃⠑⠀
⠉⠕⠝⠎⠞⠗⠥⠉⠞⠑⠙⠂⠀⠎⠕⠀⠞⠓⠁⠞⠀⠊⠞⠀⠊⠎⠀⠝⠕⠞⠀⠝⠑⠉⠑⠎⠎⠁⠗⠽
⠀⠞⠕⠀⠙⠑⠁⠇⠀⠺⠊⠞⠓⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠟⠥⠑⠎⠞⠊⠕⠝⠎⠀⠞⠕⠀⠺⠓⠊⠉⠓⠀
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⠧⠊⠉⠊⠝⠊⠞⠽⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠇⠕⠉⠅⠎⠀⠁⠞⠀⠠⠏⠑⠙⠗⠕⠀⠠⠍⠊⠛⠥⠑⠇⠀
⠁⠝⠙⠀⠠⠍⠊⠇⠁⠋⠇⠕⠗⠑⠎⠂⠀⠓⠕⠺⠑⠧⠑⠗⠂⠀⠙⠁⠍⠎⠀⠓⠁⠧⠑⠀⠞⠕⠀
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⠀⠃⠕⠞⠓⠀⠏⠇⠁⠉⠑⠎⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠙⠁⠍⠎⠀⠺⠊⠇⠇⠀⠃⠑⠀⠎⠓⠕⠗⠞⠂⠀⠁⠝⠙
⠀⠺⠊⠇⠇⠀⠃⠑⠀⠋⠕⠥⠝⠙⠑⠙⠀⠥⠏⠕⠝⠀⠓⠁⠗⠙⠀⠗⠕⠉⠅⠂⠼⠁⠋⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀
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⠊⠝⠎⠞⠑⠁⠙⠀⠕⠋⠀⠼⠓⠚⠂⠀⠁⠎⠀⠁⠞⠀⠠⠛⠁⠞⠥⠝⠲⠀⠠⠞⠓⠑⠀
⠉⠕⠝⠎⠞⠗⠥⠉⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠙⠁⠍⠎⠀⠁⠞⠀⠠⠏⠑⠙⠗⠕⠀
⠠⠍⠊⠛⠥⠑⠇⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠠⠍⠊⠇⠁⠋⠇⠕⠗⠑⠎⠀⠊⠎⠀⠝⠕⠞⠂⠀
⠞⠓⠑⠗⠑⠋⠕⠗⠑⠂⠀⠗⠑⠛⠁⠗⠙⠑⠙⠀⠺⠊⠞⠓⠀⠁⠝⠭⠊⠑⠞⠽⠲⠀⠀⠼⠁⠋⠀

These are the same pages the .brf download embosses — form-feed breaks and all. BRF opens in braille software (Duxbury, BrailleBlaster), on embossers, and on refreshable displays.