Library / Engineering & Technology / The Panama Canal and Its Makers / Braille
The Panama Canal and Its Makers ⠃⠗⠋ braille edition
Grade 1 — uncontracted, letter-for-letter. Translated on this server by our own braille engine (BRF — Braille Ready Format, Library of Congress fdd000551). View Grade 2 instead.
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178,472 braille cells · 187 embossed pages at 40×25 · 723 unrepresentable characters omitted
⠉⠕⠝⠎⠞⠗⠥⠉⠞⠑⠙⠆⠀⠃⠥⠞⠀⠊⠝⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠑⠧⠑⠝⠞⠀⠕⠋⠀⠓⠊⠎⠀⠝⠕⠞ ⠀⠃⠑⠊⠝⠛⠀⠁⠃⠇⠑⠀⠞⠕⠀⠁⠉⠟⠥⠊⠗⠑⠀⠎⠥⠉⠓⠀⠉⠕⠝⠞⠗⠕⠇⠂⠀ ⠞⠓⠑⠝⠀⠞⠕⠀⠏⠗⠕⠉⠑⠑⠙⠀⠺⠊⠞⠓⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠠⠝⠊⠉⠁⠗⠁⠛⠥⠁⠝⠀ ⠏⠗⠕⠚⠑⠉⠞⠲⠀⠀⠠⠍⠑⠁⠝⠺⠓⠊⠇⠑⠂⠀⠃⠽⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀ ⠠⠓⠁⠽⠤⠠⠏⠁⠥⠝⠉⠑⠋⠕⠞⠑⠀⠠⠞⠗⠑⠁⠞⠽⠂⠀⠗⠁⠞⠊⠋⠊⠑⠙⠀⠃⠽⠀ ⠞⠓⠑⠀⠠⠎⠑⠝⠁⠞⠑⠀⠠⠙⠑⠉⠑⠍⠃⠑⠗⠀⠼⠁⠋⠂⠀⠼⠁⠊⠚⠁⠂⠀⠠⠛⠗⠑⠁⠞ ⠀⠠⠃⠗⠊⠞⠁⠊⠝⠀⠓⠁⠙⠀⠺⠁⠊⠧⠑⠙⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠗⠊⠛⠓⠞⠀⠕⠋⠀⠚⠕⠊⠝⠞⠀ ⠉⠕⠝⠞⠗⠕⠇⠀⠕⠋⠀⠁⠝⠽⠀⠠⠊⠎⠞⠓⠍⠊⠁⠝⠀⠉⠁⠝⠁⠇⠀⠺⠓⠊⠉⠓⠀⠎⠓⠑ ⠀⠓⠁⠙⠀⠓⠑⠇⠙⠀⠎⠊⠝⠉⠑⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠗⠁⠞⠊⠋⠊⠉⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀ ⠠⠉⠇⠁⠽⠞⠕⠝⠤⠠⠃⠥⠇⠺⠑⠗⠀⠠⠞⠗⠑⠁⠞⠽⠀⠊⠝⠀⠼⠁⠓⠑⠚⠲⠀⠠⠊⠞⠀ ⠗⠑⠍⠁⠊⠝⠑⠙⠀⠞⠓⠑⠗⠑⠋⠕⠗⠑⠀⠕⠝⠇⠽⠀⠞⠕⠀⠝⠑⠛⠕⠞⠊⠁⠞⠑⠀⠁⠀ ⠞⠗⠑⠁⠞⠽⠀⠺⠊⠞⠓⠀⠠⠉⠕⠇⠕⠍⠃⠊⠁⠲⠀⠠⠞⠓⠑⠀⠞⠗⠑⠁⠞⠽⠀⠕⠋⠀ ⠼⠁⠓⠙⠋⠀⠺⠊⠞⠓⠀⠠⠝⠑⠺⠀⠠⠛⠗⠑⠝⠁⠙⠁⠀⠁⠋⠋⠕⠗⠙⠑⠙⠀⠁⠀ ⠏⠗⠑⠉⠑⠙⠑⠝⠞⠀⠁⠎⠀⠋⠁⠗⠀⠁⠎⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠟⠥⠑⠎⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠕⠋⠀ ⠉⠕⠝⠞⠗⠕⠇⠀⠺⠁⠎⠀⠉⠕⠝⠉⠑⠗⠝⠑⠙⠂⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀ ⠝⠑⠛⠕⠞⠊⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠎⠀⠁⠏⠏⠑⠁⠗⠀⠞⠕⠀⠓⠁⠧⠑⠀⠃⠑⠑⠝⠀⠗⠑⠇⠁⠞⠑⠙ ⠀⠍⠁⠊⠝⠇⠽⠀⠞⠕⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠟⠥⠑⠎⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠕⠋⠀⠏⠗⠊⠉⠑⠲⠀⠠⠁⠀ ⠞⠗⠑⠁⠞⠽⠀⠺⠁⠎⠀⠝⠑⠛⠕⠞⠊⠁⠞⠑⠙⠀⠃⠽⠀⠕⠋⠋⠊⠉⠊⠁⠇⠎⠀⠕⠋⠀ ⠞⠓⠑⠀⠞⠺⠕⠀⠠⠗⠑⠏⠥⠃⠇⠊⠉⠎⠂⠀⠃⠽⠀⠺⠓⠊⠉⠓⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠠⠥⠝⠊⠞⠑⠙ ⠀⠠⠎⠞⠁⠞⠑⠎⠀⠺⠁⠎⠀⠞⠕⠀⠏⠁⠽⠀⠁⠀⠎⠥⠍⠀⠕⠋⠀⠼⠁⠚⠂⠚⠚⠚⠂⠚⠚⠚ ⠀⠞⠕⠀⠠⠉⠕⠇⠕⠍⠃⠊⠁⠂⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠁⠋⠞⠑⠗⠀⠝⠊⠝⠑⠀⠽⠑⠁⠗⠎⠀⠁⠝⠀ ⠁⠝⠝⠥⠁⠇⠀⠎⠥⠍⠀⠕⠋⠀⠼⠁⠚⠚⠂⠚⠚⠚⠲⠀⠠⠞⠓⠊⠎⠀⠺⠁⠎⠀ ⠉⠕⠝⠋⠊⠗⠍⠑⠙⠀⠃⠽⠀⠠⠉⠕⠝⠛⠗⠑⠎⠎⠀⠃⠥⠞⠀⠗⠑⠚⠑⠉⠞⠑⠙⠀⠃⠽⠀ ⠞⠓⠑⠀⠠⠉⠕⠇⠕⠍⠃⠊⠁⠝⠀⠠⠎⠑⠝⠁⠞⠑⠂⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠝⠑⠛⠕⠞⠊⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠎ ⠀⠉⠁⠍⠑⠀⠞⠕⠀⠁⠝⠀⠑⠝⠙⠀⠺⠊⠞⠓⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠁⠙⠚⠕⠥⠗⠝⠍⠑⠝⠞⠀⠕⠋⠀
These are the same pages the .brf download embosses — form-feed breaks and all. BRF opens in braille software (Duxbury, BrailleBlaster), on embossers, and on refreshable displays.