Skip to contentSkip to Braille Studio

Library / Philosophy / A Logic of Facts; Or, Every-day Reasoning / Braille

A Logic of Facts; Or, Every-day Reasoning ⠃⠗⠋ braille edition

Grade 1 — uncontracted, letter-for-letter. Translated on this server by our own braille engine (BRF — Braille Ready Format, Library of Congress fdd000551). View Grade 2 instead.

Download .brf — Grade 2 Download .brf — Grade 1 Plain-text reader .txt

230,331 braille cells · 245 embossed pages at 40×25 · 150 unrepresentable characters omitted

⠋⠁⠉⠞⠎⠂⠀⠥⠏⠕⠝⠀⠺⠓⠊⠉⠓⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠉⠕⠝⠉⠇⠥⠎⠊⠕⠝⠀⠗⠑⠎⠞⠎⠲⠀
⠠⠋⠕⠗⠍⠎⠀⠕⠋⠀⠎⠏⠑⠑⠉⠓⠂⠀⠉⠇⠁⠎⠎⠊⠋⠊⠉⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠕⠋⠀
⠏⠗⠕⠏⠕⠎⠊⠞⠊⠕⠝⠎⠂⠀⠋⠊⠛⠥⠗⠑⠎⠀⠕⠋⠀⠎⠽⠇⠇⠕⠛⠊⠎⠍⠎⠂⠀⠁⠗⠑
⠀⠕⠋⠀⠍⠊⠝⠕⠗⠀⠊⠍⠏⠕⠗⠞⠁⠝⠉⠑⠀⠺⠓⠑⠝⠀⠽⠕⠥⠀⠓⠁⠧⠑⠀⠕⠝⠉⠑⠀
⠑⠇⠊⠉⠊⠞⠑⠙⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠗⠕⠥⠛⠓⠀⠞⠗⠥⠞⠓⠲⠀⠠⠞⠓⠑⠀⠃⠑⠎⠞⠀⠞⠑⠎⠞
⠀⠕⠋⠀⠁⠝⠀⠁⠗⠛⠥⠍⠑⠝⠞⠀⠊⠎⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠎⠕⠥⠝⠙⠝⠑⠎⠎⠀⠕⠋⠀⠊⠞⠎⠀
⠙⠁⠞⠁⠂⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠎⠊⠍⠏⠇⠑⠎⠞⠀⠋⠕⠗⠍⠥⠇⠁⠀⠋⠕⠗⠀
⠙⠗⠁⠺⠊⠝⠛⠀⠕⠥⠞⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠑⠭⠓⠊⠃⠊⠞⠊⠝⠛⠀⠎⠥⠉⠓⠀⠙⠁⠞⠁⠂⠀⠊⠎
⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠛⠗⠑⠁⠞⠑⠎⠞⠀⠎⠑⠗⠧⠊⠉⠑⠀⠊⠝⠀⠑⠝⠁⠃⠇⠊⠝⠛⠀⠥⠎⠀
⠞⠕⠀⠚⠥⠙⠛⠑⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠧⠁⠇⠊⠙⠊⠞⠽⠀⠞⠓⠑⠗⠑⠕⠋⠲⠀⠀
⠠⠞⠽⠗⠁⠝⠝⠽⠂⠀⠎⠁⠽⠎⠀⠠⠉⠕⠃⠃⠑⠞⠞⠂⠀⠓⠁⠎⠀⠝⠕⠀⠑⠝⠑⠍⠽⠀⠎⠕
⠀⠋⠕⠗⠍⠊⠙⠁⠃⠇⠑⠀⠁⠎⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠏⠑⠝⠂⠀⠠⠺⠓⠽⠦⠀⠄⠠⠃⠑⠉⠁⠥⠎⠑⠀
⠞⠓⠑⠀⠏⠑⠝⠀⠏⠥⠗⠎⠥⠑⠎⠀⠞⠽⠗⠁⠝⠝⠽⠀⠃⠕⠞⠓⠀⠊⠝⠀⠇⠊⠋⠑⠀⠁⠝⠙
⠀⠃⠑⠽⠕⠝⠙⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠛⠗⠁⠧⠑⠲⠄⠀⠠⠓⠕⠺⠀⠊⠎⠀⠞⠓⠊⠎⠀⠏⠗⠕⠧⠑⠙⠀
⠞⠕⠀⠃⠑⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠍⠕⠎⠞⠀⠋⠕⠗⠍⠊⠙⠁⠃⠇⠑⠀⠑⠝⠑⠍⠽⠀⠕⠋⠀
⠞⠽⠗⠁⠝⠝⠽⠦⠀⠄⠠⠋⠗⠕⠍⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠋⠁⠉⠞⠀⠞⠓⠁⠞⠀⠞⠽⠗⠁⠝⠝⠽⠀
⠓⠁⠎⠀⠝⠕⠀⠑⠝⠑⠍⠽⠀⠎⠕⠀⠋⠕⠗⠍⠊⠙⠁⠃⠇⠑⠀⠁⠎⠀⠞⠓⠁⠞⠀⠺⠓⠊⠉⠓
⠀⠁⠎⠎⠁⠊⠇⠎⠀⠝⠕⠞⠀⠕⠝⠇⠽⠀⠊⠞⠎⠀⠑⠭⠊⠎⠞⠑⠝⠉⠑⠂⠀⠃⠥⠞⠀⠊⠞⠎
⠀⠗⠑⠏⠥⠞⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠂⠀⠺⠓⠊⠉⠓⠀⠏⠥⠗⠎⠥⠑⠎⠀⠊⠞⠀⠊⠝⠀⠇⠊⠋⠑⠀
⠁⠝⠙⠀⠃⠑⠽⠕⠝⠙⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠛⠗⠁⠧⠑⠲⠄⠀⠠⠎⠥⠉⠓⠀
⠊⠝⠞⠑⠗⠗⠕⠛⠁⠞⠕⠗⠊⠑⠎⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠗⠑⠏⠇⠊⠑⠎⠀⠛⠑⠝⠑⠗⠁⠞⠑⠀⠞⠓⠑
⠀⠑⠭⠏⠕⠎⠊⠞⠕⠗⠽⠀⠎⠽⠇⠇⠕⠛⠊⠎⠍⠲⠀⠀⠼⠁⠲⠀⠠⠞⠽⠗⠁⠝⠝⠽⠀⠓⠁⠎
⠀⠝⠕⠀⠑⠝⠑⠍⠽⠀⠎⠕⠀⠋⠕⠗⠍⠊⠙⠁⠃⠇⠑⠀⠁⠎⠀⠞⠓⠁⠞⠀⠺⠓⠊⠉⠓⠀
⠁⠎⠎⠁⠊⠇⠎⠀⠝⠕⠞⠀⠕⠝⠇⠽⠀⠊⠞⠎⠀⠑⠭⠊⠎⠞⠑⠝⠉⠑⠂⠀⠃⠥⠞⠀⠊⠞⠎⠀
⠗⠑⠏⠥⠞⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠂⠀⠺⠓⠊⠉⠓⠀⠏⠥⠗⠎⠥⠑⠎⠀⠊⠞⠀⠊⠝⠀⠇⠊⠋⠑⠀⠁⠝⠙

These are the same pages the .brf download embosses — form-feed breaks and all. BRF opens in braille software (Duxbury, BrailleBlaster), on embossers, and on refreshable displays.