Skip to contentSkip to Braille Studio

Library / Philosophy / A Logic of Facts; Or, Every-day Reasoning / Braille

A Logic of Facts; Or, Every-day Reasoning ⠃⠗⠋ braille edition

Grade 1 — uncontracted, letter-for-letter. Translated on this server by our own braille engine (BRF — Braille Ready Format, Library of Congress fdd000551). View Grade 2 instead.

Download .brf — Grade 2 Download .brf — Grade 1 Plain-text reader .txt

230,331 braille cells · 245 embossed pages at 40×25 · 150 unrepresentable characters omitted

⠎⠁⠊⠙⠀⠊⠞⠀⠺⠁⠎⠀⠁⠝⠛⠥⠇⠁⠗⠀⠁⠞⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠞⠕⠏⠆⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠝⠑⠭⠞
⠀⠎⠁⠊⠙⠀⠊⠞⠀⠺⠁⠎⠀⠎⠟⠥⠁⠗⠑⠀⠁⠞⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠃⠕⠞⠞⠕⠍⠂⠀⠺⠁⠎⠀
⠃⠗⠕⠥⠛⠓⠞⠀⠞⠕⠀⠁⠀⠏⠕⠊⠝⠞⠀⠊⠝⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠍⠊⠙⠙⠇⠑⠂⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀
⠺⠁⠎⠀⠞⠓⠑⠝⠀⠉⠥⠗⠧⠑⠙⠀⠊⠝⠞⠕⠀⠁⠀⠎⠕⠗⠞⠀⠕⠋⠀⠋⠑⠎⠞⠕⠕⠝⠆⠀
⠞⠓⠑⠀⠎⠊⠭⠞⠓⠀⠺⠊⠞⠝⠑⠎⠎⠀⠎⠞⠁⠞⠑⠙⠀⠞⠓⠁⠞⠀⠊⠞⠀⠺⠁⠎⠀
⠎⠟⠥⠁⠗⠑⠀⠁⠞⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠞⠕⠏⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠃⠕⠞⠞⠕⠍⠂⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠓⠁⠙⠀⠁⠀
⠉⠥⠗⠧⠑⠆⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠇⠁⠎⠞⠀⠎⠁⠊⠙⠀⠊⠞⠀⠺⠁⠎⠀⠎⠟⠥⠁⠗⠑⠀
⠁⠞⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠞⠕⠏⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠃⠕⠞⠞⠕⠍⠲⠀⠠⠁⠎⠀⠞⠕⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀
⠇⠁⠝⠛⠥⠁⠛⠑⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠊⠝⠎⠉⠗⠊⠏⠞⠊⠕⠝⠎⠂⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠋⠊⠗⠎⠞⠀
⠺⠊⠞⠝⠑⠎⠎⠀⠎⠞⠁⠞⠑⠙⠀⠞⠓⠁⠞⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠝⠁⠍⠑⠎⠀⠕⠋⠀⠠⠞⠓⠕⠍⠁⠎
⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠠⠉⠓⠗⠊⠎⠞⠕⠏⠓⠑⠗⠀⠠⠇⠑⠊⠛⠓⠀⠺⠑⠗⠑⠀⠊⠝⠀
⠠⠑⠝⠛⠇⠊⠎⠓⠆⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠝⠑⠭⠞⠀⠎⠁⠊⠙⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠊⠝⠎⠉⠗⠊⠏⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀
⠺⠁⠎⠀⠝⠕⠞⠀⠊⠝⠀⠠⠑⠝⠛⠇⠊⠎⠓⠆⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠞⠓⠊⠗⠙⠀⠎⠁⠊⠙⠀
⠞⠓⠑⠗⠑⠀⠺⠁⠎⠀⠁⠀⠛⠗⠑⠁⠞⠀⠙⠑⠁⠇⠀⠊⠝⠀⠠⠑⠝⠛⠇⠊⠎⠓⠆⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀
⠋⠕⠥⠗⠞⠓⠀⠺⠊⠞⠝⠑⠎⠎⠀⠎⠁⠊⠙⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠺⠓⠕⠇⠑⠂⠀⠶⠺⠊⠞⠓⠀⠞⠓⠑
⠀⠑⠭⠉⠑⠏⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠕⠋⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠝⠁⠍⠑⠀⠠⠉⠓⠗⠊⠎⠞⠕⠏⠓⠑⠗⠀
⠠⠇⠑⠑⠶⠂⠀⠺⠁⠎⠀⠊⠝⠀⠁⠀⠇⠁⠝⠛⠥⠁⠛⠑⠂⠀⠺⠓⠊⠉⠓⠀⠓⠑⠀⠙⠊⠙⠀
⠝⠕⠞⠀⠥⠝⠙⠑⠗⠎⠞⠁⠝⠙⠆⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠝⠑⠭⠞⠀⠺⠊⠞⠝⠑⠎⠎⠀⠎⠞⠁⠞⠑⠙⠀
⠞⠓⠁⠞⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠊⠝⠎⠉⠗⠊⠏⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠺⠁⠎⠀⠁⠇⠇⠀⠊⠝⠀
⠠⠑⠝⠛⠇⠊⠎⠓⠂⠀⠑⠭⠉⠑⠏⠞⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠺⠕⠗⠙⠎⠀⠠⠁⠝⠝⠕⠀
⠠⠙⠕⠍⠊⠝⠊⠆⠀⠁⠝⠙⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠇⠁⠎⠞⠀⠺⠊⠞⠝⠑⠎⠎⠀⠎⠁⠊⠙⠀⠊⠞⠀
⠺⠁⠎⠀⠝⠕⠞⠀⠊⠝⠀⠠⠑⠝⠛⠇⠊⠎⠓⠲⠄⠔⠔⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠀⠔⠔⠀⠠⠞⠊⠍⠑⠎⠂
⠀⠠⠍⠁⠽⠀⠼⠁⠚⠂⠀⠼⠁⠓⠃⠓⠲⠀⠀⠠⠁⠇⠇⠀⠞⠓⠑⠎⠑⠀⠺⠊⠞⠝⠑⠎⠎⠑⠎⠀
⠁⠛⠗⠑⠑⠀⠁⠎⠀⠞⠕⠀⠞⠓⠑⠀⠋⠁⠉⠞⠀⠊⠝⠀⠙⠊⠎⠏⠥⠞⠑⠂⠀⠃⠥⠞⠀
⠞⠓⠑⠊⠗⠀⠧⠁⠗⠊⠁⠝⠉⠑⠎⠀⠊⠝⠀⠞⠑⠎⠞⠊⠍⠕⠝⠽⠀⠊⠇⠇⠥⠎⠞⠗⠁⠞⠑⠀

These are the same pages the .brf download embosses — form-feed breaks and all. BRF opens in braille software (Duxbury, BrailleBlaster), on embossers, and on refreshable displays.