Skip to contentSkip to Braille Studio

Library / Philosophy / The Philosophic Grammar of American Languages, as Set Forth by Wilhelm von Humboldt / Braille

The Philosophic Grammar of American Languages, as Set Forth by Wilhelm von Humboldt ⠃⠗⠋ braille edition

Grade 2 — contracted English braille (EBAE-compatible subset). Translated on this server by our own braille engine (BRF — Braille Ready Format, Library of Congress fdd000551). View Grade 1 instead.

Download .brf — Grade 2 Download .brf — Grade 1 Plain-text reader .txt

113,394 braille cells · 120 embossed pages at 40×25 · 881 unrepresentable characters omitted

⠃⠑⠇⠕⠝⠛⠀⠞⠕⠀⠮⠀⠌⠑⠍⠂⠀⠯⠀⠊⠎⠀⠊⠝⠉⠕⠍⠏⠁⠞⠊⠃⠇⠑⠀⠾⠀⠮⠀
⠥⠎⠑⠀⠷⠀⠁⠀⠏⠕⠎⠎⠑⠎⠎⠊⠧⠑⠂⠀⠓⠢⠉⠑⠀⠭⠀⠊⠎⠀⠮⠀⠎⠊⠛⠝⠀⠷⠀⠮
⠀⠎⠥⠃⠌⠁⠝⠞⠊⠧⠑⠂⠀⠔⠀⠊⠞⠎⠀⠊⠝⠙⠑⠏⠢⠙⠢⠞⠀⠉⠕⠝⠙⠊⠞⠊⠕⠝⠲⠀
⠠⠮⠀⠎⠁⠍⠑⠀⠕⠉⠉⠥⠗⠎⠀⠔⠀⠠⠍⠑⠭⠊⠉⠁⠝⠂⠀⠯⠀⠮⠀⠡⠊⠑⠋⠀
⠞⠻⠍⠔⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠷⠀⠎⠥⠃⠌⠁⠝⠞⠊⠧⠑⠎⠂⠀⠞⠇⠊⠂⠀⠊⠎⠀⠁⠇⠍⠕⠌⠀
⠊⠙⠢⠞⠊⠉⠁⠇⠀⠔⠀⠎⠳⠝⠙⠀⠾⠀⠞⠀⠔⠀⠮⠀⠠⠍⠁⠊⠏⠥⠗⠑⠲⠀⠀⠠⠔⠀
⠹⠊⠎⠀⠗⠑⠎⠏⠑⠉⠞⠀⠮⠀⠧⠻⠃⠁⠇⠂⠀⠉⠕⠝⠚⠥⠛⠁⠞⠫⠀⠾⠀⠮⠀
⠏⠻⠎⠕⠝⠁⠇⠀⠎⠊⠛⠝⠎⠂⠀⠙⠊⠋⠋⠻⠎⠀⠝⠕⠹⠬⠀⠋⠀⠮⠀⠝⠳⠝⠀⠥⠝⠊⠞⠫
⠀⠞⠕⠀⠊⠞⠎⠀⠏⠕⠎⠎⠑⠎⠎⠊⠧⠑⠀⠏⠗⠕⠝⠳⠝⠎⠲⠀
⠠⠛⠗⠁⠍⠍⠁⠞⠊⠉⠁⠇⠇⠽⠂⠀⠮⠀⠿⠍⠀⠋⠊⠗⠌⠀⠃⠑⠉⠕⠍⠑⠎⠀⠁⠀
⠧⠻⠃⠁⠇⠀⠐⠕⠀⠃⠽⠀⠮⠀⠁⠙⠙⠫⠀⠏⠜⠞⠊⠉⠇⠑⠎⠀⠷⠀⠞⠢⠎⠑⠀⠯⠀
⠍⠕⠙⠑⠲⠀⠠⠮⠀⠎⠊⠛⠝⠊⠋⠊⠉⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠀⠷⠀⠘⠮⠀⠉⠀⠛⠢⠻⠁⠇⠇⠽⠀⠃⠑
⠀⠉⠇⠑⠜⠇⠽⠀⠁⠎⠉⠻⠞⠁⠔⠫⠂⠀⠯⠀⠹⠥⠎⠀⠁⠗⠑⠀⠥⠝⠊⠞⠫⠀
⠉⠇⠕⠎⠑⠇⠽⠀⠞⠕⠀⠮⠀⠌⠑⠍⠲⠀⠀⠠⠮⠀⠏⠜⠞⠊⠉⠇⠑⠎⠀⠱⠊⠡⠀⠮⠀
⠇⠁⠝⠛⠥⠁⠛⠑⠀⠷⠀⠮⠀⠠⠁⠃⠊⠏⠕⠝⠑⠎⠀⠥⠎⠑⠎⠀⠞⠕⠀⠿⠍⠀⠮⠀
⠛⠢⠻⠁⠇⠀⠧⠻⠃⠁⠇⠀⠞⠽⠏⠑⠀⠁⠗⠑⠀⠟⠀⠙⠊⠋⠋⠻⠢⠞⠀⠋⠀⠮⠀
⠏⠕⠎⠎⠑⠎⠎⠊⠧⠑⠎⠲⠀⠠⠮⠀⠞⠢⠎⠑⠀⠯⠀⠍⠕⠙⠑⠀⠏⠜⠞⠊⠉⠇⠑⠎⠀⠓⠀
⠑⠇⠎⠑⠱⠻⠑⠀⠔⠀⠮⠀⠞⠕⠝⠛⠥⠑⠀⠊⠝⠙⠑⠏⠢⠙⠢⠞⠀⠍⠑⠁⠝⠬⠎⠲⠀
⠠⠹⠥⠎⠀⠅⠁⠝⠂⠀⠮⠀⠎⠊⠛⠝⠀⠷⠀⠮⠀⠏⠻⠋⠑⠉⠞⠂⠀⠍⠑⠁⠝⠎⠀⠁⠀⠹⠬⠀
⠱⠊⠡⠀⠓⠁⠎⠀⠃⠑⠢⠂⠀⠐⠞⠀⠞⠀⠓⠁⠎⠀⠏⠁⠌⠲⠀⠀⠠⠔⠀⠮⠀
⠇⠁⠝⠛⠥⠁⠛⠑⠀⠷⠀⠮⠀⠠⠍⠕⠉⠕⠃⠊⠎⠀⠮⠀⠏⠻⠎⠕⠝⠁⠇⠀⠎⠊⠛⠝⠎⠀
⠉⠕⠝⠎⠊⠌⠀⠍⠻⠑⠇⠽⠀⠔⠀⠇⠑⠞⠞⠻⠎⠂⠀⠏⠗⠑⠋⠊⠭⠫⠀⠯⠀
⠎⠥⠋⠋⠊⠭⠫⠂⠀⠯⠀⠓⠀⠝⠕⠀⠁⠏⠏⠜⠢⠞⠀⠗⠑⠇⠁⠞⠊⠕⠝⠩⠊⠏⠀⠞⠕⠀⠮⠀
⠏⠗⠕⠝⠳⠝⠎⠲⠀⠠⠃⠽⠀⠁⠋⠋⠊⠭⠬⠀⠘⠮⠀⠇⠑⠞⠞⠻⠎⠂⠀⠏⠓⠕⠝⠑⠞⠊⠉⠀
⠡⠁⠝⠛⠑⠎⠀⠞⠁⠅⠑⠀⠏⠇⠁⠉⠑⠀⠎⠀⠞⠀⠮⠀⠌⠑⠍⠀⠊⠎⠀⠉⠕⠍⠃⠔⠫⠀⠾⠀

These are the same pages the .brf download embosses — form-feed breaks and all. BRF opens in braille software (Duxbury, BrailleBlaster), on embossers, and on refreshable displays.